Physics 2 lab. Ohm's law. Due in 20 hours.

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Very straightforward lab. Report is not needed. Just complete all procedures and get the spreadsheet done please.

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NOVA Online PHY232-LAB Title: Ohm’s Law using PhET Simulation The fundamental relationship among the three important electrical quantities current, voltage, and resistance was discovered by Georg Simon Ohm. The relationship and the unit of electrical resistance were both named for him to commemorate this contribution to physics. One statement of Ohm’s law is that the current through a resistor is proportional to the voltage across the resistor and inversely proportional to the resistance. In this experiment you will see if Ohm’s law is applicable by generating experimental data using a PhET Simulation: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/ohms-law Current and voltage can be difficult to understand, because they cannot be observed directly. To clarify these terms, some people make the comparison between electrical circuits and water flowing in pipes as illustrated in the lecture room. Here is a chart of the three electrical units we will study in this experiment. Electrical Quantity Description Unit Water Analogy Voltage or Potential Difference A measure of the Energy difference per unit charge between two points in a circuit. Volt (V) Water Pressure Current A measure of the flow of charge in a circuit. Ampere (A) Amount of water flowing Resistance A measure of how difficult it is for current to flow in a circuit. Ohm () A measure of how difficult it is for water to flow through a pipe. Figure 1: OBJECTIVES: • Determine the mathematical relationship between current, potential difference, and resistance in a simple circuit. • Examine the potential vs. current behavior of a resistor and current vs. resistance for a fixed potential. MATERIALS 1. PhET Simulation – Ohms Law 2. Excel Spreadsheet PRELIMINARY SETUP AND QUESTIONS 1. Start up your internet browser. Start up the PhET Simulation at http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/ohms-law 2. Click on download and the screen above in figure 1 appear. Minimize your browser. 3. Get Excel Spreadsheet ready. 4. With the Resistance slider set at its default value, move the potential slider, observing what happens to the current. If the voltage doubles, what happens to the current? Click here to enter text. What type of relationship do you believe exists between voltage and current? Click here to enter text. 5. With the Voltage slider set at 4.5 V, move the resistance slider, observing what happens to the current. If the resistance doubles, what happens to the current? Click here to enter text. What type of relationship do you believe exists between current and resistance? What type of relationship do you believe exists between current and resistance? PROCEDURE A: 1. Set the Resistance slider to 300 ohms, Use the Voltage slider to adjust the Potential to the values in data table 1, also recording the resulting electric currents. Data Table 1 Resistance R = Click here to enter.  Potential (V) Current (mA) 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 2. Using Excel Spreadsheet, record the data and plot a graph of Potential (V) vs Current(mA) and perform a linear fit. 3. Record the slope of the graph below data table 1. Calculate the resistance value by taking the slope of the graph times 1000. Compare the slope times 1000 value with the value of the resistance set in the simulation by calculating the % error. PROCEDURE B: 1. Switch back to the PhET Simulation. Set the Resistance slider to 600 ohms, Use the Voltage slider to adjust the Potential to the values in data table 2, also recording the resulting electric currents. Data Table 2: Resistance R = Click here to enter.  Potential (V) 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 Current (mA) Slope of graph = Click here to enter. V/mA Slope times x 1000 = Click here to enter.  % Error of Slope times 1000 with R = Click here to enter. % 2. Enter your data from Table 2 under Data Set 2. Perform a “linear fit” on the data. Record the slope of the graph below data table 2. Calculate the resistance value by taking the slope of the graph timesof1000. slope timeshere 1000 % Error Slope Compare times 1000the with R = Click to value enter. with % the value of the resistance set in the simulation by calculating a % error. Does a linear Function work well with both data sets of V vs I data? Click here PROCEDURE C: 1. Switch back to the PhET simulation. Return the Voltage Slider to 4.5 V. Now we will use the Resistance slider to set the Resistor to the values in the table. Fill in table 3 with your data: Data Table 3: Electric Potential V = Click here to enter Volts R (ohms) Current (mA) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Inverse Fit Constant of graph of I vs R = Click here to enter mA Fit Constant divided by 1000 = Click here to enter Volts % Error of Fit Constant divided by 1000 with V = Click here to enter % % Error of Fit Constant divided by 1000 with V = Click here to enter % 2. Enter your Resistance and Current values from Table 3 in Data Set 3. 3. Using Curve Fit, try fitting this data to an “Inverse” function. 4. Calculate the Battery Voltage by taking the Inverse fit constant divided by 1000. Compare this computed value with the value of the battery voltage set in the simulation by calculating a % error Does an inverse function provide a good fit to your data? Click here ANALYSIS: Do the experimental data confirm that the Electric Current in a resistor is directly proportional to the electric potential provided by the batteries? Click here to enter text. Do the experimental data confirm that the electric current is inversely proportional to the Resistance for a fixed electric potential? CONCLUSION: Finally, write a short lab report, attach all plotted graphs, and answer all questions in the experiment as indicated. Please, note this is individual lab report writing. You may send your report through Canvas.
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Explanation & Answer

Attached.

Running Head: OHM’S LAW USING PhET SIMULATION

Ohm’s Law using PhET Simulation
Name
Institution

1

OHM’S LAW USING PhET SIMULATION

2

Ohm’s Law using PhET Simulation
Objectives
The objective of this experiment is to determine the mathematical relationship between the
current, resistance and potential difference in a simple circuit. Also, determine the behaviors of
potential difference versus current of a resistor and the behavior of current versus resistance for a
fixed potential difference.
Preliminary Questions
1. When the voltage doubles the current also doubles.
2. The type of relationship that exist between voltage and current is direct variation.
3. When the resistance is doubled, the current decrease by half.
4. The type of relationship that exist between current and resistance is inverse variation.
Procedure A
1. Setting the resistance slider to 300Ω
Resistance R = 300Ω
Potential (V)

Current (mA)

1.5

5

3.0

10

4.5

15

6.0

20

7.5

25

9.0

30

OHM’S LAW USING PhET SIMULATION

3

2. The graph of potential versus current

Potential Versus Current
10
9

y = 0.3x

8

Potential (V)

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Current (mA)

3. The slope of the graph.
Solution
The slope=0.3
Resistance = 0.3 × 1000 = 300 Ω
Percentage error
% error = |

vA − vE
300 − 300
| × 100 = |
| × 100 = 0%
vE
300

The slope times 1000 value is exactly equal to the resistance set in the simulation
with a percentage error of 0%.

Procedure B:
1. Setting the resistance slider to 600Ω
Resistance R = 600Ω

OHM�...


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