Who am I? Why does it matter? Positionality and Reflexivity  Socio-cultural anthropologists generally assume that complete impartial objectivity is generally not possible in social research, but that a more intersubjective understanding can be achieved by increasing perspectives and identifying their biases. Positionality and Reflexivity  Positionality seeks to identify our social statuses and attributes within a particular context or location.  Reflexivity seeks to consider how our positionality as researchers and subjects conditions and orients how we see or frame the world in our findings.  Positions Refract Worldviews (More on That Later)  Professor  Instructional Assistants Positions in ANTH 21     New graduate students Experienced graduate students Expert graduate students (prior research and teaching) White vs. BIPoC (because this is a class about race)  Students     First year and transfer students vs. UCSD experienced students Expert students (e.g. Ethnic Studies majors) White vs. BIPoC (because this is a class about race) Domestic vs. International students (focused on US context)  State University (UMD College Park)  First Generation College Student  Pell Grant Student  Returning Student My perspective exposing bias  Korean Immigrant (Father US-VN Contractor)  Partner Vietnamese Refugee (“Boat Person”)  Kent Village: PG County  Buddhist / Christian Convert  Intersex / Queer  Medical Disability  Anthropology: medical, gender/sexuality, SE Asia-Thailand  Emphasis on Power and Social Justice  I'm good at making people feel comfortable, but you might feel uncomfortable all the time…  Alienation / Microaggression  A microaggression is the casual degradation of any marginalized group. It is a form of social violence with detrimental effects.  UCSF  FedEx Carrier (Filipinx/Pinxy), Chinese Food Order “Too Sensitive” “Sticks and Stones”  UCSD  Not a Professor  You’re such a nice colored boy.  You are so articulate. You speak English so well.  No, where are you really from? Are you Chinese or Japanese?  You don’t look / act Korean.  You don’t smell like fish / kimchi. Would you mind moving to that table?  Holistic / Comparative / Systematic Approach  Archaeological  Biological  Linguistic What is an anthropological perspective?  Socio-Cultural  Practice / Applied / Engaged  "Native" Experience and Point of View  Reflexivity: Anthropology's Role in Domination  The White Asian: Queer Racialization in Aspirational Thailand My Research & Interests  Critical Race Theory  Structural Violence in Human Well-being  Complicity (not Resistance) Expertise: Why should you trust me? Have you caught 3 roasted chickens while riding a unicycle during a live performance? Take It or Leave It If my take on this course doesn’t fit your needs or desires, or if my presence offends you…you’re welcome to leave. LIES OR THE PERSISTENCE OF MISINFORMATION Christopher Columbus Discovered America ■ The belief that Christopher Columbus discovered America is apparently widespread. In a 2005 survey from the University of Michigan, 85% of Americans believed that Columbus discovered the continent while only 2% of respondents were able to correctly answer that Columbus couldn't have possibly discovered America because Native Americans already lived here. ■ In any case, the first European to land in America is widely accepted by historians to be the Viking explorer Leif Erikson, who sailed from Greenland to Newfoundland in Canada in around 1,000 A.C. ■ Columbus is historically significant because, in his 1492 voyage to the Americas, he brought diseases that killed a massive portion of the Native American population - some suggest as much as 90% - and paved the way for European imperialism in the Western Hemisphere. Eurocentric Worldview Indigenous Lives Rendered Invisible and Unimportant “Revisionist” or Revised toward the Truth? Christopher Columbus “Discovered” America ■ The belief that Christopher Columbus discovered America is apparently widespread. In a 2005 survey from the University of Michigan, 85% of Americans believed that Columbus discovered the continent while only 2% of respondents were able to correctly answer that Columbus couldn't have possibly discovered America because Native Americans already lived here. ■ In any case, the first European to land in America is widely accepted by historians to be the Viking explorer Leif Erikson, who sailed from Greenland to Newfoundland in Canada in around 1,000 A.C. ■ Columbus is historically significant because, in his 1492 voyage to the Americas, he brought diseases that killed a massive portion of the Native American population - some suggest as much as 90% - and paved the way for European imperialism in the Western Hemisphere. Allowing the Continuation of “Lies My Teacher Taught Me” ■ Maintains the Status Quo: – “It’s Natural” or “It’s Gods Order of Things” – “That’s Just the Way Things Are” ■ Legitimizes the Continued Dominance of White Male Hegemony – Hegemony (Antonio Gramsci) ■ Consent to Subordination ■ Complicity in Oppression WE ARE ALREADY BIASED Racism is about Individual Experience in the Context of Social Organization GOAL: THINK ABOUT RACISM MORE LIKE PUBLIC HEALTH THAN MEDICINE RACISM IS LIKE THE CLIMATE The 3 Expressions of Racism: www.dismantlingracism.org Another way to think about racism as more than personal is to understand that personal racism (individual acts of meanness) occurs within institutions. The policies and practices of those institutions in their turn are disproportionately serving and resourcing white people while underserving and exploiting People of Color.This institutional racism reproduces itself within a culture that tells us that white people are smarter and more qualified while People of Color are undeserving. WHO BENEFITS FROM RACISM? DISCREPANT VIEWS ON RACE AND RACISM IN AMERICA SAME OR DIFFERENT? Black people were slaves in colonial America. How things are: the natural order of things. Black people were enslaved in colonial America. How things were: made to be that way by people. VIEWS OF RACE RELATIONS DIFFER BY RACE AND ETHNICITY VIEWS OF COUNTRY’S PROGRESS ON RACIAL EQUALITY DIFFER BY RACE AND ETHNICITY BLACKS AND WHITES DIFFER OVER THE AMOUNT OF ATTENTION PAID TO RACE AND RACIAL ISSUES PERCEPTIONS OF HOW BLACKS ARE TREATED IN THE U.S. VARY WIDELY ACROSS RACE AND ETHNICITY AMONG WHITES, YOUNG ADULTS, COLLEGE GRADUATES AND DEMOCRATS MORE LIKELY TO SAY THEIR RACE HAS BEEN AN ADVANTAGE PERSISTENT INEQUALITIES WHITES HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER LEVELS OF WEALTH THAN BLACKS RACIAL GAPS IN HOUSEHOLD INCOME PERSIST HOMEOWNERSHIP MORE COMMON AMONG WHITES THAN OTHER RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS THE BLACK UNEMPLOYMENT RATE TODAY IS DOUBLE THAT OF WHITES BLACKS STILL MORE THAN TWICE AS LIKELY AS WHITES TO BE POOR, DESPITE NARROWING OF POVERTY GAP BLACK-WHITE HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION GAP NARROWS BUT INCREASES FOR COLLEGE BLACKS WITH AT LEAST SOME COLLEGE ARE MORE LIKELY THAN THEIR WHITE COUNTERPARTS TO SAY THEY ARE IN THE LOWER CLASS Education is supposed to equalize… MORE SEE INDIVIDUAL, RATHER THAN INSTITUTIONAL, RACISM AS A BIGGER PROBLEM The Covid Slant Asian & Black Americans Negative COVID Experiences 39% of Asian Americans Why do you think racial groups do not agree on this? Do you think it is racist to call Coronavirus a Chinese virus? Asian Perceptions Vary African Americans Most Worried About Wearing Masks in Public Bird Watching / Asking to Leash Dog vs. Threatening My Life Radical [Not] Business Journal Shows Voter Suppression is Still Prominent Equality is not Equal for Everyone` This is not how democracy should work. Six hours to vote early in person during a pandemic in a presidential election.
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