PSY 260 Grand Canyon University Validity the Key Measurement Research Paper

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onl56

Humanities

psy 260

Grand Canyon University

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In 500-600 words for each article (1,000-1,200-words total), interrogate each of your articles from the Topic 5 Article Summary assignment using the four big validities. For each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material! Show that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities. Demonstrate that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Finally, show that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

For this assignment, review the two articles provided:

"Romantic Red Revisited: Red Enhances Men's Attraction to Young, but not Menopausal Women," by Sascha & Singer, from Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (2013). https://www-sciencedirect-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/S0022103112001564

"Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Turnover Intentions among Teachers in the Offinso South District of Ghana," by Addai, Kyeremeh, Abdulai, & Sarfo, from European Journal of Contemporary Education (2018). https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=130597326&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=s8333196&groupid=main&profile=eds1


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PSY-260 Introduction to Psychological Research and Ethics Article Interrogation Examine each of your articles using the four big validities. For each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material! Demonstrate that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities and that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Finally, demonstrate that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study. Details: Construct validity: Evaluate the measures and manipulations Restate each variable and how it was operationalized. (“They operationalized ___ by doing _____”). After you describe each measure or manipulation, indicate any reliability and validity information provided in the article (take a look at Figure 5.7). Do they give Cronbach’s alphas; if so, what are they? Are they good or bad? Do they give interrater reliabilities; if so, what are they? Do they give any evidence for predictive or concurrent validity, perhaps to referring to how the measure has been used in past research? Using this information, give your assessment—is each measure reliable and valid? If such information is not included, then evaluate that—what would you like to see? For manipulated variables, are the manipulations construct valid, in your opinion? (See Chapter 10). If it’s a manipulated variable, do they do any manipulation checks to show you that their manipulation did what they intended it to do? Does the manipulation have face validity? Statistical validity: Evaluate how strongly the results support their argument. For each major result, evaluate its effect size to the best of your ability. State the effect size if it’s given in terms you understand (e.g., r or d). If it’s a beta in a regression table, how big is the beta for the main variable of interest, compared to the others on the table? Are the major effects statistically significant? What does this mean? As you evaluate statistical validity, discuss how strongly and how well the results pattern supported the authors’ hypotheses. See if you can evaluate how strong the result is in some “real world” terms, like an increase in IQ points or a weight loss of some number of pounds, or a reaction time in seconds. Internal validity: Can the study support a causal claim? Does it intend to? First, state what specific causal claim the researchers wish to make (if it’s an experiment) or might wish to make (if it’s a correlational study). If it’s an experiment, apply the causal rules, including the internal validity threats in Table 11.1. Do any apply to your article? If not, what is your overall evaluation? Can they make a causal statement? Research Methods in Psychology, 2e By Beth Morling © W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. If it’s a multiple regression design, apply the causal rules, and for internal validity, review what variables were controlled for in the design. Can you think of any other third variables? What is your overall evaluation? Can they make a causal statement? Before criticizing for third variables, remember that a confound is a problem with systematic variance (a true confound) and not unsystematic variance (an obscuring factor). Thus, if you think that some people in the study might have been in a bad mood, that will not be a confound unless people in only one group were in a bad mood, and the others were not. External validity: To whom or to what other contexts can the results be generalized? External validity addresses two issues: to whom (if anyone) can the results be generalized, and to what other situations or settings? Remember that it’s how a sample is drawn, not how many people are in it, that determines external validity. Consult Figure 7.5 for a reminder. Also, remember that in many studies, external validity is not the first priority. Your evaluation should acknowledge this and explain why. Each article should be 500-600-words each for a total of 1,000-1,200-words. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Research Methods in Psychology, 2e By Beth Morling © W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
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Running Head: ARTICLE INTERROGATION
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Article Interrogation

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ARTICLE INTERROGATION
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Overview
Validity is one of the key measurement in any form of empirical research, which is used in the
determination soundness of the logic and facts in given research output. There are four main
types of validities, which includes internal validity, external, construct and statistical validity.
Internal validity offers an examination of the casual statements made in a study and is useful in
the measurement of how a study is carried out is in supports of the conclusion drawn on the
effects of the independent variable in the independent variables (Morling & Calin-Jageman,
2020). External validity is focused on measuring the extent of generalization in a research and
the findings being generalizable. In most cases, a study presenting with higher internal validity
will tend to have lower external validity. On the other hand, construct validity assess if variables
under measurement are able to measures what they were intended to measure. Lastly, statistical
validity is adopted in the measurement of statistics, which are used in determining if the findings
are true and pertinent to the study (Morling & Calin-Jageman, 2020).
Article 1: Romantic Red Revisited: Red Enhances Men's Attraction to Young, but not
Menopausal Women
Internal Validity
In this research, Sascha and Singer (2013) hold that most men have a sexual attraction to the
younger women due to the fact that they are still in the peak in regard to physical performance
and ovulation. They further claim that men tend to be attracted to a red colour as it is linked to
fertility as well as sexuality. In this ...

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