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“The beginning of European settlement of the Americas from 1492 was marked by an extensive demand for labor. As the assigned class readings and film documentaries show, the earliest forms of labor involved both coerced labor and forms of indentured servitude that utilized the work of Europeans, Native Americans and African peoples. By the late 1600s, this fluid labor arrangement became more restrictive and formalized, with a form of racially (African) based slavery imposed in North America. What factors contributed to this development? How and why did this transformation occur?”
Write a 6 page paper that addresses the question posed above. In your response, be sure to base your claims on materials read in the assigned readings (you do not need to read additional sources for this assignment.)
All papers should be stapled, follow standard grammar, punctuation and citation methods. An in class exercise will provide an overview on proper citation.
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Explanation & Answer

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Oppressive and Restrictive Labor Management
Transformation occurs gradually and it is not something that happens overnight. In the
American history, there are numerous cases to stamp this concept is slave labor. As a note, the
beginning of European settlement of the Americas from 1492 was marked by an extensive
demand for labor. On the same case, the earliest forms of labor involved both coerced labor and
forms of indentured servitude that utilized the work of minority Europeans, Native Americans
and African slaves. However, by the late 1600s, this fluid labor arrangement became more
restrictive and formalized, with a form of racially based slavery imposed in North America while
targeting mainly Africans.
There are many reasons that prompt changes in a system but the most evident feature in
this case is that the oppressed started revolting the existing systems in search of change and
freedom. Secondly, the Americans realized the potential in their soil and wanted to protect their
people from oppression hence aligning the labor system in a way that it could oppress the
African caste while sparing the local populace. In like manner, some people within had started to
form allies with the Africans to resist slave trade hence the reason why restrictive and oppressive
measures were imposed. Above all, it was imperative to instill fear in the slaves to ensure they
remained obedient to the existing rule which could only be possible via oppressive tactics.
Having identified revolts as the critical developments that needed to be controlled by
oppressive and restrictive rule, it is also imperative to analyze where it stemmed from. The first
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cause was bitterness and inequality since the rulers believed that everything that they did was
right and justified to the extent of believing that even the insanities that they committed was
justified. Consequently, the slaves saw the need to rise up and design mechanisms that would
ensure them the much needed freedom. To make it a reality, they even went to an extent of
forming alliances with the white communities to organize revolts.
Other causes involved legalizing the unlawful to suit the demand of time as well as
differences in faith. A perfect example is in the case by Sepulveda that clearly show that the
rulers bent the unlawful to be lawful so that they could take its advantage and oppress the slaves
A related occurrence resulted from faith differences and religious observations since the rulers
didn’t respect the preferences of the slave minority and wanted to assimilate them fully into their
system by force. Consequently, the slaves were left at a pathetic end and had to come up with
ways to ensure it couldn’t last for long hence the revolts.
As the situation demanded, the slaves had their case and the rulers had their case. In fact,
there was a critical need to advance the labor management system to a more restrictive structure
to hamper the efforts of the lead slaves who could bravery take the initiative of mobilizing others
to force their way out. On the same case, the primary objective of the colonial masters wasn’t
achieved in exploiting the resources and if labor wasn’t available, it could hit a snag. As a result,
it was crucial to restrict slaves into a more oppressive rule to ensure they could continue
servicing in the plantations, mining sites, and other resource potential areas.
The other notable development was encouragement to rebel. In this case, African slaves
became enlightened to fight for their rights hence the need of the systems to be more ruthless to
control their resistance and related uproars. In like manner, there ensued increase in slave revolts
though they were battered out and outnumbered in many situations. However, there were some
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situations that the oppressed stamped their authority which as well showed the need to act in time
and in a way that made a different statement to the slaves. For instance, San Domingo revolution
is a perfect example where even at times the slaves dominated the whites.
Another need to shape up the existing systems was a result of moles that could betray the
rulers irrespective of their similar belonging. For instance, betrayal was also evident where some
whites had formed alliances with the Negroes. On the same case, the poor whites of the districts
had formed allies with the Negroes to resist slavery and demand a fair share of the capital goods.
The move also saw the arrests, trials, and execution of many leaders. However, even if slave
revolt had no support from the powerful revolutionary elements in the country, its structure,
intention and influence was evident. In like manner, as time advanced, it was impossible to tell
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