Queens University of Charlotte Science or History Aging and Dementia Story

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Humanities

Queens University of Charlotte

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Using three research sources and at least one individual with expertise in the area, write a story about an area of interest from medicine, science or history. 450-500 words

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What does being an organ donor really mean? The small red heart on a driver’s license is a symbol of voluntary organ donation after death, however, it is unclear which organs are being donated. When registering for a license at a DMV, individuals are asked if they would like to be an organ donor. It is a simple check box that says, “I want to donate my organs and tissue.” Many may not be aware of the underlying specifics. Viable organs for transplant are the heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys and intestines according to the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). With all of these combined and taking account for the two lungs and two kidneys, one person can donate up to eight lifesaving organs. The variety of tissues that an individual donates after death are vague. There are many tissues that can be used to save lives, such as the corneas, tendons, heart valves, veins, skin and bones as specified by the HRSA. Donated tissues can be utilized for serious medical situations like sight restoration, circulation repair, burns, ligament repair and bone replacement. Unlike organs, tissue is not directly transferred from donor to transplant recipient. It can be retrieved and saved for an extended period of time , according to the HRSA. The Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation (MTF) website states, “Thousands of people die each year before an organ for transplantation becomes available and many more face long waiting times or less than ideal alternatives for lack of a tissue transplant.” The MTF says that the variety of tissues recovered from the deceased may be used for more than saving lives. Some tissues are transferred to cosmetic plastic surgeries rather than medical reconstructions. According to Donate Life America (DLA), the idea of donating tissue along with organs may be a deterrent in registering. DLA says it is essential that prospective donors are informed of their rights. The DLA says that all 50 states have passed legislation authorizing recovery agencies to honor the decision of those who wish to donate. However, 11 states allow individuals to choose which organs and/or tissue to donate. For those who do not live in the 11 states, donors may make specific modifications to their registry. The DLA has a webpage for every state, including South Carolina’s “Donate Life South Carolina.” By visiting a state’s registry website, one may sign up and make restrictions on a preexisting account. For those who do not wish to donate tissue, but are comfortable with internal organs only, they can make that provision. The American Transplant Foundation (ATF) says that approximately 114,000 people in the United States are waiting for a lifesaving organ transplant. Every 10 minutes another name is added to the waiting list, while 20 people die each day waiting for a transplant. Linda Levinson, an organ transplant recipient, described the process as a miracle. She received a kidney transplant after suffering from polycystic kidney disease. “Being a mother of two and grandmother of five, my kidney transplant saved me from missing marriages and graduations,” she said. “We are so blessed to have organ donations in the United States,” she said. According to the ATF, 95% of U.S. adults support organ donation but only 58% have signed up. In 2018, 145 million people over the age of 18 had registered as organ donors, and 36,528 transplants were performed that year. The ATF website states, “Each year, the number of people on the waiting list continues to be much larger than both the number of donors and transplants, which grow slowly.” Anyone can sign up to become an organ donor online by registering through a state’s Donate Life America website. Nutrition Getting the proper nutrients takes more than just protein and vegetables. According to The Free Dictionary, “There are seven categories of nutrients that the body needs to acquire from food: protein, carbohydrates, fat, fibers, vitamins, minerals and water.” Nutrients is defined by The Free Dictionary as, “the science or study that deals with food and nourishment, especially in humans.” Proper nutrition provides a healthy energy balance, said Crossfit. Food provides humans with many of the important elements that the body requires to function properly. Once food has been consumed it is absorbed into the body, and the body begins to process the nutrients. These nutrients are used to move, think, digest, maintain life and reproduce life. According to Medical News Today nutrients can be broken down into two categories, macronutrients and micronutrients. Micronutrients are only needed in small quantities while macronutrients are required in larger amounts. “Not all nutrients provide energy but are still important, such as water and fiber,” said Medical News Today. Medical News Today said, micronutrients include all of the vitamins and minerals the body needs and are essential organic compounds that the human body cannot synthesis. Medical News Today discusses macronutrients and how they can be split into two categories, ones that provide energy and ones that provide no nutrients. Water and fiber give the body no nutrients yet they are important. Ross Philbeck, assistant director of the Recreation and Wellness Center, said that one of the important pieces in living a healthier lifestyle is eating whole foods and cooking at home. Medical News Today said, “a healthy diet should consist of fruits, vegetables and whole grains, such as whole wheat and brown rice.” According to Medical News Today when choosing foods for daily consumption one should choose low- fat and non-fat products. Protein is an important part of living a balanced lifestyle, thus one must choose proper proteins. Lean meats, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans, legumes and soy products are good options. Philbeck said it is important to consume the proper amount of calories each day, because the human body gets its energy from calories. Because each person is different, nutritionists must take into account age, gender, weight and what the person is trying to accomplish when building a daily calorie regiment. If a person is seeking to lose weight, the nutritionist will lower the number of calories to create a calorie deficit. However, if the goal is simply to maintain a healthy weight and lifestyle then each person’s allotted calories will be based on the aforementioned items. According to Heathline, “ Smart nutrition and food choices can help prevent disease. Eating right foods can help your body cope more successfully with ongoing illness.” Philbeck said to be successful at eating more balanced meals it is important that individuals do not have an all or nothing mindset. He said this is a common issue, if an individual messes up they simply give up and eat whatever. According to Philbeck it is important to take a lifestyle change like this one step at a time. Drink lots of water and be more conscientious with eating choices. Grocery shopping can be a problem as people adjust to more fresh, homecooked meals. Philbeck suggested shopping the outer edges of the store because that is where the protein and fresh produce is located. Go into the store with a general plan of what fits into one’s allotted calorie count for the week. He also suggested mixing things up by trying new things instead of eating the same old foods every night.
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Explanation & Answer

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Aging and Dementia outline
I.
II.

One of the areas in medicine that have grown in the public interest is aging and dementia.
Concerning aging, the normal aging process is characterized by a gradual decline in the
body's performance that is considered normal in medicine.

III.

Medically, dementia does not constitute normal aging and has unique differences from
the expected aging process.


Running head: AGING AND DEMENTIA

1

Aging and Dementia
Institution Affiliation
Date

AGING AND DEMENTIA

2

One of the areas in medicine that have grown in the public interest is aging and dementia.
According to John Hopkins Medicine (n.d), in the next decade, about 20% of the American
population will be over the age of 65. This means that the number of...


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