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Which of the following organisms is a SCAVENGER (multiple answers possile, check all that apply)
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Gene Ownership Bio-Chemistry Paper
ObjectivesDiscuss how the primary structure of nucleic acids is the order of bases in the polynucleotide sequence, and the ...
Gene Ownership Bio-Chemistry Paper
ObjectivesDiscuss how the primary structure of nucleic acids is the order of bases in the polynucleotide sequence, and the secondary structure is the three-dimensional conformation of the backbone.Discuss the monomers of nucleic acids are nucleotides.Discuss how the bases are bonded to the sugars, forming nucleosides.Summarize how nucleosides are linked by ester bonds to phosphoric acid to formthe phosphodiester backbone.Specific proteins called single-strand binding proteins bind to the single-strandedregions and protect them from nucleases.Spontaneous mutation of bases and insertion of the wrong nucleotide would normally lead to an error every 10^4 to 10^5. INSTRUCTION:Step 1: Read the article found in section 9A: Biochemical Connections: Law in your digital book.Using the Concorde’s Online Library, your digital material, and other scholarly websites, discuss the following:What are your feelings regarding the article?Describe, in detail, what the following statement means, “What can be patentedis purified DNA containing the sequence of the gene and techniques that allowthe study of the genes.”How do you see the patenting of genes/DNA impacting science and medicine over the next 30 years?Do you believe this trend is ethical? Why/why not?Step 2: Compile your thoughts & research and write a 3-5 page paper addressing the topics and questions above.Step 3: Once complete, save your file and submit.• You are required to have at least two outside resources, at the scholarly level. Wikipedia is not acceptable.The use of outside resources is required and all papers must be cited and written in APA format.9A: Biochemical Connections: Law ArticleWho Owns Your Genes?“There is a gene in your body’s cells that plays a key role in early spinal cord development. It belongs to Harvard University. Incyte Corporation, based in Wilmington, Del., has patented the gene for a receptor for histamine, the compound released by cells during the hay fever season. About half of all the genes known to be involved in cancer are patented.” Following the explosion in information that came from the Human Genome Project (see Biochemical Connections 9B), commercial firms, universities, and even government agencies began to look for patents on genes, which began a long philosophical and legal battle that continues to this day. Human cells have about genes, which are the blueprint for the trillion cells in our body. About percent of the human genome has been patented. As of 2006, Incyte Corporation owned about percent of all known human genes.So the question that comes to mind is, “how can a company patent a biological entity?” Well, clearly they cannot actually patent you or your genes, at least not the ones you carry around. What can be patented is purified DNA containing the sequence of the gene and techniques that allow the study of the genes. The idea of patenting information began with a landmark case in 1972 when Ananda M. Chakrabarty, a General Electric engineer, filed for a patent on a strain of Pseudomonas bacteria that could break down oil slicks more efficiently. He experimented with the bacteria, getting them to take up DNA from plasmids that conferred the clean-up ability. The patent office rejected the patent on the grounds that products of nature and live organisms cannot be patented. However, the battle was not over, and in 1980 the Supreme Court heard the appeal in the same year that the techniques of molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology really began to take off. Chief Justice Warren Burger declared arguments against patenting life irrelevant by stating, “anything under the sun that is made by man” could be patented. The ruling was close, only in favor of Chakrabarty, and the ramifications continue to this day. Patents have been issued for gene sequences, whole organisms such as specific bacteria, and cell types like stem cells. A patent on a clone gene or the protein it produces gives the owner exclusivity in marketing the protein, such as insulin or erythropoietin. As of 2005, the largest holder of scientific patents was the University of California, with more than patents. The U.S. government was second with , and the first commercial enterprise on the list, Sanofi Aventis, came in third at (Figure 9.7).
5 pages
The Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty
United States, South Africa, France, and Mexico NPT Cases Review THE US, SA, FRANCE, AND MEXICO NPT CASES REVIEW The non- ...
The Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty
United States, South Africa, France, and Mexico NPT Cases Review THE US, SA, FRANCE, AND MEXICO NPT CASES REVIEW The non-proliferation treaty was ...
outdoor assignment worksheet
complete the worksheet about nature and outdoors This activity can be completed in your backyard, in your office yard, a n ...
outdoor assignment worksheet
complete the worksheet about nature and outdoors This activity can be completed in your backyard, in your office yard, a nearby park, an urban green space, or anywhere you can get a little bit of nature under your feet! Now that you have learned about food webs and biodiversity, you will explore the environment “in your own backyard.” It may be easiest to print out this sheet and take it with you to complete the assignment. You can always record your answers on a separate piece of paper while outside and then bring them back to your computer to type in your responses afterward. Scientists are trained to take very detailed notes when they head out into the field. This is because all of the information you can collect could be important to analyzing your data in the future. It is important to be descriptive and even use drawings if you need to make sure your data is as complete as possible.
BIO 011 Pasadena City College The Trees in Your Neighborhood Paper
Overview & Background
So far this week, you've been learning about climate change, photosynthesis, and the benefits pr ...
BIO 011 Pasadena City College The Trees in Your Neighborhood Paper
Overview & Background
So far this week, you've been learning about climate change, photosynthesis, and the benefits provided by urban trees. For this assignment, you will be focusing on the trees in your neighborhood and their ability to sequester carbon.
Assignment Requirements
Step 1: Count the number of trees on your block
Walk along one block in your neighborhood and count the number of trees along the street and in front yards. Record this number.
Step 2: Document and measure the diameter of five trees
Find five trees that you have access to. (You need to be able to get close enough to touch the trunks of the trees.)
For each tree, you will need to take a picture of the tree and measure its diameter. (If you are unable to take a picture, you can sketch the tree instead.) Diameter at breast height (DBH) is the standard way to measure the size of a tree. DBH is the diameter of the tree at approximately 4.5 feet above the ground.
You can measure the diameter of the trees by using a fabric tape measure (Links to an external site.) or a free measuring app (Measure app for iOs (Links to an external site.) or Measure app for Android (Links to an external site.)). Note that these measuring apps can be a bit finicky and you will need to stand quite close to the tree to obtain accurate measurements. For this assignment, you will need to know the DBH in inches.
If you are using a fabric tape measure:
Measure 4.5 feet above the ground.
Wrap the tape measure around the tree at this point. Write down the measurement; this is the circumference.
Divide the circumference by 3.14. This will give you the diameter of the tree.
Record the diameter of the tree and repeat this process for all trees in your area.
If you are using an app:
Measure 4.5 feet above the ground.
Use the app to measure the diameter (width) of the tree.
Record the diameter of the tree and repeat this process for all trees in your area.
Make sure that you complete this assignment during the day; the app won't work well if the tree isn't well lit. If you get stuck when using an app, use the information below to help you troubleshoot:
Use the Measure app on iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch (Links to an external site.)
Use the Measure app on Android Devices (Links to an external site.)
Malone, Thomas; Liang, Jingjing; Packee, Edmond C. 2009. Cooperative Alaska Forest Inventory. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-785. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 42 p. This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.
Step 3: Estimate the total amount of carbon sequestered on your block
Use the table below to help you determine the total amount of carbon sequestered by all the trees in your area. The values in the table can be interpreted according to the following definitions:
Carbon sequestration (lbs/year) - estimated amount of carbon removed annually by trees
Carbon sequestration (miles) - the number of automobile miles driven that produces emissions equivalent to the effect of the tree
Average amount of carbon sequestered by tree diameterDBH (inches)Carbon sequestrationlbs/yearmiles1-32.593-67.6286-914.0519-1219.97312-1527.09915-1850.018318-2159.721921-2486.731724-2790.633227-30111.640930+155.5570
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Weller, Lorraine; Davila, Antonio. 2011. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Los Angeles’ urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-47. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 30 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RB-47 (Links to an external site.).
Calculate the average amount of carbon sequestered for all the trees that you measured by adding together the amounts for each tree and dividing the total by 5. Estimate the amount of carbon sequestered by all of street trees on your block by multiplying the average amount of carbon by the total number of trees you counted.
Step 4: Determine tree canopy cover for your neighborhood
You will use the Healthy Places Index (HPI) map to determine what the tree canopy cover is in your neighborhood and see how it compares to other neighborhoods.
Go to the Healthy Places Index (Links to an external site.) map.
Search for your neighborhood in the search box at the top of the page.
Click 'View Indicators' and then select 'Neighborhood.' Choose to view 'Tree Canopy' on the map. This variable is a measure of the percentage of land with tree canopy (weighted by number of people per acre). When you click on a census tract, you will be able to see what the tree canopy cover is for that census tract and how it compares to how that census tract compares to other census tracts in California. In the image below, see an example of tree canopy cover data for the census tract containing Pasadena City College. Note that in the pop-up box, the first value is the percentile, which indicates how this census tract compares to other census tracts, and the number in the parenthesis is the percent canopy cover.
The following screencast provides an overview of how to get the tree canopy cover data for your neighborhood from the Healthy Places Index Map:
Submission Guidelines
Now that you've collected data about the trees in your neighborhood and calculated the total amount of carbon sequestered, include the following in a file (Word doc or pdf):
The number of trees on one block in your neighborhood.
Pictures of the trees that you measured and the DBH and amount of carbon sequestered for each
Total amount of carbon sequestered by all of the trees on your block.
Your neighborhood’s canopy cover values from HPI and that of a three comparison neighborhoods. Comparing the canopy cover in your neighborhood to others in Los Angeles County, should your neighborhood be a priority for urban tree planting efforts? If not, identify another neighborhood that should be a priority. Explain how the data from the HPI map supports your recommendation.
In addition to carbon sequestration, what would be 2 potential benefits for the neighborhood if additional trees are planted?
NURS 300B SMSU Social Insurance and Public Assistance Discussion
Isabella is a 4-year-old girl who showed signs of a viral illness that did not seem to get better for 2 days. Her mother, ...
NURS 300B SMSU Social Insurance and Public Assistance Discussion
Isabella is a 4-year-old girl who showed signs of a viral illness that did not seem to get better for 2 days. Her mother, Sonia Ramirez, took her to a local walk-in clinic, where she was reassured that Isabella had a bad cold but would recover within a few days. She was given a teaching sheet about viral illnesses that, after getting home, she realized she could not understand. The next day, however, Isabella was barely responsive and had numerous dark purple spots. Her mother rushed her to a local emergency room. Isabella was intubated and airlifted via helicopter to a major medical center, where she was diagnosed with meningococcemia, a life-threatening infection.undefinedIsabella subsequently had bilateral amputations of her legs for gangrene secondary to poor perfusion. After a long hospitalization, she was transferred to a rehabilitation facility where she was fitted with prosthetic legs. Sonia quit her job to stay with Isabella throughout her illness and recovery. When Sonia quit her job, her insurance benefits ended, and she could not afford to pay for continuing insurance coverage.undefinedDiscuss all of the questions below: Isabella's health care bills were enormous. What is the role of private insurance in paying these bills? What is the role of public assistance?What is the role of the nurse in containing these costs? Do you feel that health literacy played a role in the patient’s outcome? If so, how?Do you think Sonia should have continued working through Isabella's illness in order to continue insurance coverage?Would you feel differently about who is accountable for paying the bills for caring for this patient if the patient had been a morbidly obese adult who lived with unhealthy eating and exercise habits?Is this a display of incivility?If so, what are some possible destructive consequences of this incivility, including the financial implications for the patient and rehabilitation facility?How could each of the following nursing roles advocate for Isabella: educator, manager, researcher, activist?How could the contemporary care delivery model of patient-centered care, used by an interdisciplinary team, effect the care and outcomes for Isabella?What is the RN’s role on that team?Discuss these questions as well:You are a nurse working in this rehabilitation facility. You have a peer in this facility who disagrees with your feelings about Isabella’s current employment decisions. This peers make derogatory, demeaning statements about your feelings for this situation.
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Gene Ownership Bio-Chemistry Paper
ObjectivesDiscuss how the primary structure of nucleic acids is the order of bases in the polynucleotide sequence, and the ...
Gene Ownership Bio-Chemistry Paper
ObjectivesDiscuss how the primary structure of nucleic acids is the order of bases in the polynucleotide sequence, and the secondary structure is the three-dimensional conformation of the backbone.Discuss the monomers of nucleic acids are nucleotides.Discuss how the bases are bonded to the sugars, forming nucleosides.Summarize how nucleosides are linked by ester bonds to phosphoric acid to formthe phosphodiester backbone.Specific proteins called single-strand binding proteins bind to the single-strandedregions and protect them from nucleases.Spontaneous mutation of bases and insertion of the wrong nucleotide would normally lead to an error every 10^4 to 10^5. INSTRUCTION:Step 1: Read the article found in section 9A: Biochemical Connections: Law in your digital book.Using the Concorde’s Online Library, your digital material, and other scholarly websites, discuss the following:What are your feelings regarding the article?Describe, in detail, what the following statement means, “What can be patentedis purified DNA containing the sequence of the gene and techniques that allowthe study of the genes.”How do you see the patenting of genes/DNA impacting science and medicine over the next 30 years?Do you believe this trend is ethical? Why/why not?Step 2: Compile your thoughts & research and write a 3-5 page paper addressing the topics and questions above.Step 3: Once complete, save your file and submit.• You are required to have at least two outside resources, at the scholarly level. Wikipedia is not acceptable.The use of outside resources is required and all papers must be cited and written in APA format.9A: Biochemical Connections: Law ArticleWho Owns Your Genes?“There is a gene in your body’s cells that plays a key role in early spinal cord development. It belongs to Harvard University. Incyte Corporation, based in Wilmington, Del., has patented the gene for a receptor for histamine, the compound released by cells during the hay fever season. About half of all the genes known to be involved in cancer are patented.” Following the explosion in information that came from the Human Genome Project (see Biochemical Connections 9B), commercial firms, universities, and even government agencies began to look for patents on genes, which began a long philosophical and legal battle that continues to this day. Human cells have about genes, which are the blueprint for the trillion cells in our body. About percent of the human genome has been patented. As of 2006, Incyte Corporation owned about percent of all known human genes.So the question that comes to mind is, “how can a company patent a biological entity?” Well, clearly they cannot actually patent you or your genes, at least not the ones you carry around. What can be patented is purified DNA containing the sequence of the gene and techniques that allow the study of the genes. The idea of patenting information began with a landmark case in 1972 when Ananda M. Chakrabarty, a General Electric engineer, filed for a patent on a strain of Pseudomonas bacteria that could break down oil slicks more efficiently. He experimented with the bacteria, getting them to take up DNA from plasmids that conferred the clean-up ability. The patent office rejected the patent on the grounds that products of nature and live organisms cannot be patented. However, the battle was not over, and in 1980 the Supreme Court heard the appeal in the same year that the techniques of molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology really began to take off. Chief Justice Warren Burger declared arguments against patenting life irrelevant by stating, “anything under the sun that is made by man” could be patented. The ruling was close, only in favor of Chakrabarty, and the ramifications continue to this day. Patents have been issued for gene sequences, whole organisms such as specific bacteria, and cell types like stem cells. A patent on a clone gene or the protein it produces gives the owner exclusivity in marketing the protein, such as insulin or erythropoietin. As of 2005, the largest holder of scientific patents was the University of California, with more than patents. The U.S. government was second with , and the first commercial enterprise on the list, Sanofi Aventis, came in third at (Figure 9.7).
5 pages
The Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty
United States, South Africa, France, and Mexico NPT Cases Review THE US, SA, FRANCE, AND MEXICO NPT CASES REVIEW The non- ...
The Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty
United States, South Africa, France, and Mexico NPT Cases Review THE US, SA, FRANCE, AND MEXICO NPT CASES REVIEW The non-proliferation treaty was ...
outdoor assignment worksheet
complete the worksheet about nature and outdoors This activity can be completed in your backyard, in your office yard, a n ...
outdoor assignment worksheet
complete the worksheet about nature and outdoors This activity can be completed in your backyard, in your office yard, a nearby park, an urban green space, or anywhere you can get a little bit of nature under your feet! Now that you have learned about food webs and biodiversity, you will explore the environment “in your own backyard.” It may be easiest to print out this sheet and take it with you to complete the assignment. You can always record your answers on a separate piece of paper while outside and then bring them back to your computer to type in your responses afterward. Scientists are trained to take very detailed notes when they head out into the field. This is because all of the information you can collect could be important to analyzing your data in the future. It is important to be descriptive and even use drawings if you need to make sure your data is as complete as possible.
BIO 011 Pasadena City College The Trees in Your Neighborhood Paper
Overview & Background
So far this week, you've been learning about climate change, photosynthesis, and the benefits pr ...
BIO 011 Pasadena City College The Trees in Your Neighborhood Paper
Overview & Background
So far this week, you've been learning about climate change, photosynthesis, and the benefits provided by urban trees. For this assignment, you will be focusing on the trees in your neighborhood and their ability to sequester carbon.
Assignment Requirements
Step 1: Count the number of trees on your block
Walk along one block in your neighborhood and count the number of trees along the street and in front yards. Record this number.
Step 2: Document and measure the diameter of five trees
Find five trees that you have access to. (You need to be able to get close enough to touch the trunks of the trees.)
For each tree, you will need to take a picture of the tree and measure its diameter. (If you are unable to take a picture, you can sketch the tree instead.) Diameter at breast height (DBH) is the standard way to measure the size of a tree. DBH is the diameter of the tree at approximately 4.5 feet above the ground.
You can measure the diameter of the trees by using a fabric tape measure (Links to an external site.) or a free measuring app (Measure app for iOs (Links to an external site.) or Measure app for Android (Links to an external site.)). Note that these measuring apps can be a bit finicky and you will need to stand quite close to the tree to obtain accurate measurements. For this assignment, you will need to know the DBH in inches.
If you are using a fabric tape measure:
Measure 4.5 feet above the ground.
Wrap the tape measure around the tree at this point. Write down the measurement; this is the circumference.
Divide the circumference by 3.14. This will give you the diameter of the tree.
Record the diameter of the tree and repeat this process for all trees in your area.
If you are using an app:
Measure 4.5 feet above the ground.
Use the app to measure the diameter (width) of the tree.
Record the diameter of the tree and repeat this process for all trees in your area.
Make sure that you complete this assignment during the day; the app won't work well if the tree isn't well lit. If you get stuck when using an app, use the information below to help you troubleshoot:
Use the Measure app on iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch (Links to an external site.)
Use the Measure app on Android Devices (Links to an external site.)
Malone, Thomas; Liang, Jingjing; Packee, Edmond C. 2009. Cooperative Alaska Forest Inventory. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-785. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 42 p. This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.
Step 3: Estimate the total amount of carbon sequestered on your block
Use the table below to help you determine the total amount of carbon sequestered by all the trees in your area. The values in the table can be interpreted according to the following definitions:
Carbon sequestration (lbs/year) - estimated amount of carbon removed annually by trees
Carbon sequestration (miles) - the number of automobile miles driven that produces emissions equivalent to the effect of the tree
Average amount of carbon sequestered by tree diameterDBH (inches)Carbon sequestrationlbs/yearmiles1-32.593-67.6286-914.0519-1219.97312-1527.09915-1850.018318-2159.721921-2486.731724-2790.633227-30111.640930+155.5570
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Weller, Lorraine; Davila, Antonio. 2011. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Los Angeles’ urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-47. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 30 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RB-47 (Links to an external site.).
Calculate the average amount of carbon sequestered for all the trees that you measured by adding together the amounts for each tree and dividing the total by 5. Estimate the amount of carbon sequestered by all of street trees on your block by multiplying the average amount of carbon by the total number of trees you counted.
Step 4: Determine tree canopy cover for your neighborhood
You will use the Healthy Places Index (HPI) map to determine what the tree canopy cover is in your neighborhood and see how it compares to other neighborhoods.
Go to the Healthy Places Index (Links to an external site.) map.
Search for your neighborhood in the search box at the top of the page.
Click 'View Indicators' and then select 'Neighborhood.' Choose to view 'Tree Canopy' on the map. This variable is a measure of the percentage of land with tree canopy (weighted by number of people per acre). When you click on a census tract, you will be able to see what the tree canopy cover is for that census tract and how it compares to how that census tract compares to other census tracts in California. In the image below, see an example of tree canopy cover data for the census tract containing Pasadena City College. Note that in the pop-up box, the first value is the percentile, which indicates how this census tract compares to other census tracts, and the number in the parenthesis is the percent canopy cover.
The following screencast provides an overview of how to get the tree canopy cover data for your neighborhood from the Healthy Places Index Map:
Submission Guidelines
Now that you've collected data about the trees in your neighborhood and calculated the total amount of carbon sequestered, include the following in a file (Word doc or pdf):
The number of trees on one block in your neighborhood.
Pictures of the trees that you measured and the DBH and amount of carbon sequestered for each
Total amount of carbon sequestered by all of the trees on your block.
Your neighborhood’s canopy cover values from HPI and that of a three comparison neighborhoods. Comparing the canopy cover in your neighborhood to others in Los Angeles County, should your neighborhood be a priority for urban tree planting efforts? If not, identify another neighborhood that should be a priority. Explain how the data from the HPI map supports your recommendation.
In addition to carbon sequestration, what would be 2 potential benefits for the neighborhood if additional trees are planted?
NURS 300B SMSU Social Insurance and Public Assistance Discussion
Isabella is a 4-year-old girl who showed signs of a viral illness that did not seem to get better for 2 days. Her mother, ...
NURS 300B SMSU Social Insurance and Public Assistance Discussion
Isabella is a 4-year-old girl who showed signs of a viral illness that did not seem to get better for 2 days. Her mother, Sonia Ramirez, took her to a local walk-in clinic, where she was reassured that Isabella had a bad cold but would recover within a few days. She was given a teaching sheet about viral illnesses that, after getting home, she realized she could not understand. The next day, however, Isabella was barely responsive and had numerous dark purple spots. Her mother rushed her to a local emergency room. Isabella was intubated and airlifted via helicopter to a major medical center, where she was diagnosed with meningococcemia, a life-threatening infection.undefinedIsabella subsequently had bilateral amputations of her legs for gangrene secondary to poor perfusion. After a long hospitalization, she was transferred to a rehabilitation facility where she was fitted with prosthetic legs. Sonia quit her job to stay with Isabella throughout her illness and recovery. When Sonia quit her job, her insurance benefits ended, and she could not afford to pay for continuing insurance coverage.undefinedDiscuss all of the questions below: Isabella's health care bills were enormous. What is the role of private insurance in paying these bills? What is the role of public assistance?What is the role of the nurse in containing these costs? Do you feel that health literacy played a role in the patient’s outcome? If so, how?Do you think Sonia should have continued working through Isabella's illness in order to continue insurance coverage?Would you feel differently about who is accountable for paying the bills for caring for this patient if the patient had been a morbidly obese adult who lived with unhealthy eating and exercise habits?Is this a display of incivility?If so, what are some possible destructive consequences of this incivility, including the financial implications for the patient and rehabilitation facility?How could each of the following nursing roles advocate for Isabella: educator, manager, researcher, activist?How could the contemporary care delivery model of patient-centered care, used by an interdisciplinary team, effect the care and outcomes for Isabella?What is the RN’s role on that team?Discuss these questions as well:You are a nurse working in this rehabilitation facility. You have a peer in this facility who disagrees with your feelings about Isabella’s current employment decisions. This peers make derogatory, demeaning statements about your feelings for this situation.
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