Part A Some questions in Part A require that you access data from Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics. This data is available on the student website under the Student Text Resources link. Use the following data to answer Questions 1a and 1b. Total no. of problems correct (out of a possible 20) Attitude toward test taking (out of a possible 100) 17 94 13 73 12 59 15 80 16 93 14 85 16 66 16 79 18 77 19 91 Compute the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient by hand and show all your work.Construct a scatterplot for these 10 values by hand. Based on the scatterplot, would you predict the correlation to be direct or indirect? Why?Rank the following correlation coefficients on strength of their relationship (list the weakest first): +.71 +.36 –.45 .47 –.62 Use IBM® SPSS® software to determine the correlation between hours of studying and grade point average for these honor students. Why is the correlation so low? Hours of studying GPA 23 3.95 12 3.90 15 4.00 14 3.76 16 3.97 21 3.89 14 3.66 11 3.91 18 3.80 9 3.89 Look at the following table. What type of correlation coefficient would you use to examine the relationship between ethnicity (defined as different categories) and political affiliation? How about club membership (yes or no) and high school GPA? Explain why you selected the answers you did. Level of Measurement and Examples Variable X Variable Y Type of correlation Correlation being computed Nominal (voting preference, such as Republican or Democrat) Nominal (gender, such as male or female) Phi coefficient The correlation between voting preference and gender Nominal (social class, such as high, medium, or low) Ordinal (rank in high school graduating class) Rank biserial coefficient The correlation between social class and rank in high school Nominal (family configuration, such as intact or single parent) Interval (grade point average) Point biserial The correlation between family configuration and grade point average Ordinal (height converted to rank) Ordinal (weight converted to rank) Spearman rank correlation coefficient The correlation between height and weight Interval (number of problems solved) Interval (age in years) Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient The correlation between number of problems solved and the age in years When two variables are correlated (such as strength and running speed), it also means that they are associated with one another. But if they are associated with one another, then why does one not cause the other?Given the following information, use Table B.4 in Appendix B of Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics to determine whether the correlations are significant and how you would interpret the results.The correlation between speed and strength for 20 women is .567. Test these results at the .01 level using a one-tailed test.The correlation between the number correct on a math test and the time it takes to complete the test is –.45. Test whether this correlation is significant for 80 children at the .05 level of significance. Choose either a one- or a two-tailed test and justify your choice.The correlation between number of friends and grade point average (GPA) for 50 adolescents is .37. Is this significant at the .05 level for a two-tailed test?Use the data in Ch. 15 Data Set 3 to answer the questions below. Do this one manually or use IBM® SPSS® software.Compute the correlation between income and level of education.Test for the significance of the correlation.What argument can you make to support the conclusion that lower levels of education cause low income?Use the following data set to answer the questions. Do this one manually.Compute the correlation between age in months and number of words known.Test for the significance of the correlation at the .05 level of significance.Recall what you learned in Ch. 5 of Salkind (2011)about correlation coefficients and interpret this correlation. Age in months Number of words known 12 6 15 8 9 4 7 5 18 14 24 18 15 7 16 6 21 12 15 17 How does linear regression differ from analysis of variance?Betsy is interested in predicting how many 75-year-olds will develop Alzheimer’s disease and is using level of education and general physical health graded on a scale from 1 to 10 as predictors. But she is interested in using other predictor variables as well. Answer the following questions.What criteria should she use in the selection of other predictors? Why?Name two other predictors that you think might be related to the development of Alzheimer’s disease.With the four predictor variables (level of education, general physical health, and the two new ones that you name), draw out what the model of the regression equation would look like.Joe Coach was curious to know if the average number of games won in a year predicts Super Bowl performance (win or lose). The x variable was the average number of games won during the past 10 seasons. The y variable was whether the team ever won the Super Bowl during the past 10 seasons. Refer to the following data set: Team Average no. of wins over 10 years Bowl? (1 = yes and 0 = no) Savannah Sharks 12 1 Pittsburgh Pelicans 11 0 Williamstown Warriors 15 0 Bennington Bruisers 12 1 Atlanta Angels 13 1 Trenton Terrors 16 0 Virginia Vipers 15 1 Charleston Crooners 9 0 Harrisburg Heathens 8 0 Eaton Energizers 12 1 How would you assess the usefulness of the average number of wins as a predictor of whether a team ever won a Super Bowl?What’s the advantage of being able to use a categorical variable (such as 1 or 0) as a dependent variable?What other variables might you use to predict the dependent variable, and why would you choose them?From Salkind (2011). Copyright © 2012 SAGE. All Rights Reserved. Adapted with permission. Part B Some questions in Part B require that you access data from Using SPSS for Windows and Macintosh. This data is available on the student website under the Student Text Resources link. The data for this exercise is in thedata file named Lesson 33 Exercise File 1. Peter was interested in determining if children who hit a bobo doll more frequently would display more or less aggressive behavior on the playground. He was given permission to observe 10 boys in a nursery school classroom. Each boy was encouraged to hit a bobo doll for 5 minutes. The number of times each boy struck the bobo doll was recorded (bobo). Next, Peter observed the boys on the playground for an hour and recorded the number of times each boy struck a classmate (peer). Conduct a linear regression to predict the number of times a boy would strike a classmate from the number of times the boy hit a bobo doll. From the output, identify the following:Slope associated with the predictorAdditive constant for the regression equationMean number of times they struck a classmateCorrelation between the number of times they hit the bobo doll and the number of times they struck a classmateStandard error of estimate

 Development Throughout the LifespanErikson and Freud are two of the few theorists who have developed a lifespan approach to development. Freud’s approach to development was psychosexual while Erikson’s was psychosocial. Even though Freud’s theory is better known, Erikson’s theory remains a leading and very much applied model in personality and developmental psychology today.When considering these two stage-oriented theories, you can directly compare the majority of their stages. These are matched in the following table:Approximate AgeFreud's Stages of Psychosexual DevelopmentErikson's Stages of Psychosocial developmentInfancy (Birth to 1 year)Oral stageTrust versus mistrustEarly childhood (1–3 years)Anal stageAutonomy versus doubtPreschool (3–6 years)Phallic stageInitiative versus guiltSchool age (7–11 years)Latent periodIndustry versus inferiorityAdolescence (12–18 years)Genital stageIdentity versus role confusionYoung adulthood (19–40 years)Intimacy versus isolationMiddle adulthood (40–65 years)Generativity versus stagnationOlder adulthood (65–death)Integrity versus despairWhen considering Erikson's eight stages of development, the way a person moves through each stage directly affects their success in the next stage. Their personality is being built and shaped with each stage. At each stage, there is a turning point, called a crisis by Erikson, which a person must confront.In this assignment, you will observe or interview two different people, each at a different stage of development. For a third observation, take a look at yourself and the stage that you are in (this stage must be different from your other two observations).Record your three observations in a template. Include the following information:NameAgeGenderCurrent developmental stageStatus within the stage (i.e., identity achievement or role confusion)Events that have lead to this statusDownload a Development Template from the Doc Sharing area to record your observations.Summarize what you have learned about psychosocial development through these observations/interviews.Summarize the trends you see in your observations/interviews regarding psychosocial development.How does movement through Erikson's stages influence personality development? Again, be specific.How do Erikson's stages of development compare to Freud’s stages? How are they similar? How are they different?Between these two theories, which one do you feel best explains your own personality development? Justify your answers with specific examples.Write a 3–4-page paper in Word format. Insert your chart at the end of your paper. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. 

The purpose of the annotated bibliography assignment is to provide an overview of the resources you intend to use for the course project. Your bibliography provides the instructor insight for the appropriateness of your chosen references. It gives the instructor the opportunity to provide feedback and direction on the list of resources before the final project component is due.Feedback is given to provide direction for areas that may need improvement, clarification, or additional support. It is corrective and directive in nature. Therefore, your bibliography must contain sufficient details on which to base feedback.Your annotated bibliography must: Begin with a clear thesis statement, problem statement, or research question, and be: Related to your degree specialization. Related to one or more aspects of diversity. Include a minimum of 15 references. Note that your course texts cannot be used as primary sources and cannot be listed as part of the 10–12 reference requirements. You may use the texts as auxiliary resources and list them in addition to the minimum required references. Include references that are mainly research articles, specifically: References must come from peer-reviewed and scholarly publications. Web sites are not considered scholarly publications. Wikipedia is not considered a scholarly source and cannot be used as a scholarly source in your paper. Select references that appropriately support the topic of the paper and are recently published, with selected articles that relate to the following: Topic of interest. Specific area of psychological research or service delivery within your degree specialization. Include a summary of each article that explains the following: The reason you chose the article. The relevance of the article to the course project. How the reference will add value to the research paper. How each reference pertains to the thesis statement, problem statement, or research question. Use APA sixth edition style and formatting. Note that you will not submit your annotated bibliography as your list of references in your final paper. Review the Multiculturalism in Psychology course project description for complete details on this assignment and your course project as a whole.