Case study # 1
You applied and were accepted in an internship program of a
state-level, Female Correctional Health Care Operation in the
South Eastern United States and your primary responsibility is to
work on the assigned projects related to the provision of inmate
health care.
Associated materials:
The Health and Health Care of US Prisoners: Results of a
Nationwide Survey
Public Health Behind Bars
Sample Tool Control Policy
Inmate Sick Call Procedures-Corrections
For the incarcerated population in the United States, health care
is a constitutionally guaranteed right under the provisions of the
eight amendment which is the prohibition against cruel and
unusual punishment (see Estelle v. Gamble). This particular
prison can hold in excess of 1,728 offenders and routinely
houses between 1,600 and 1,700 women on any given day. This
institution incarcerates all custody classes to include minimum
security, medium security, close custody, death row, and pretrial
detainees.
The health care operation provides the highest level of care for
the female offender in the state. The health care facility is a 101
thousand square foot, 150 bed, three-story building that cost
the taxpayers $50 million dollars to construct and is a hybrid of
an ambulatory care center, long-term care center, and a
behavioral care center. The health care facility also houses an
assisted living dorm.
The patient demographic includes women who have multiple comorbidities including substance abuse, seriously persistent
mental illnesses (SPMI), diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer,
morbid obesity, HIV / AIDs, hepatitis, etc. On any given day
there will also be 30 to 60 offenders who are pregnant, with 98%
of those offenders having a history of substance abuse; all
pregnant offenders are considered high-risk. The dental health
of this patient population is exceptionally horrendous because
of excessive drug abuse coupled with a sugary diet and poor
oral hygiene practices. It is not uncommon for a 23-year-old to
need all of her teeth extracted.
There are approximately 300 FTEs to include correctional staff
that operate the facility and provide care to the offender
population. The healthcare facility is comprised of the following
directorates: (a) Medical, (b) Nursing, (c) Behavioral Health, (d)
Pharmacy, (e) Dental, (f) Medical Records, (g) Health Service
Support, and (h) Operations and Security.
Although the health care facility has a vast amount of capability,
there limitations: (a) This facility does not have advanced cardiac
life support capability (ACLS), (b) no surgical capability, (c) no
ability to conduct telemetry, (d) no oral surgery beyond simple
extractions, (e) no obstetrical capability beyond out-patient
clinics, (f) MRI, (g) level 2 ultrasound, and the list goes on.
Those inmates who have medical needs that cannot be
addressed by the health services staff at the correctional facility
will need appointments with external health care providers who
have a business relationship with the prisons in this area. On
any given month, there will be approximately 300 offenders who
will go to outside medical appointments and making certain that
these appointments take place this is where the challenge lies.
Similar to many health care operations, the prison Utilization
Review / Case Management Department facilitates all external
appointments and form the lynchpin between the correctional
facility health care providers who refer offenders for specialty
appointments, and the outside organization providing that
appointment.
MEMORANDUM
TO: Female Correctional Health Care Operation
DATE: November 9, 2020
SUBJECT: PROVISION OF INMATE HEALTHCARE
I am writing to inform you that all inmate healthcare facilities will be given with
transparency and equality. The prison will ensure all affected offenders receives healthcare
services as per the law. Talking of the Gamble who initiated his complaint by releasing
handwritten paper, the court instituted the perpetrator because it observed his failure to obtain
proper health care (Moore, 2005). Therefore, the case led to the creation of the rule that if
healthcare is deliberately denied from the inmate by the relevant department, this constitutes
cruel and unusual punishment.
The Eighth amendment, after that, stated that if deliberate insignificance to a solemn
health needs of an inmate constitutes to superfluous and nasty infliction of pain. This 1976
supreme ruling is still about inmate's healthcare provider since the courts cannot act with
cautious irrelevances when an inmate's health is at the pole (Rold, 2008). And it was protracted
to necessitate the litigants to give a clear illustration that ethos would not stand the ailment that
the specific inmate was subjected to.
As prison continues to perform at its peak in ensuring equal distribution of inmate
healthcare, the following are challenges faced by the prison. The prison population is very
challenging to offer effective treatment. They constitute different and extensive social and health
needs. The cost is all-around rising due to the most who have mental health and low physical
problem (Friedman, 2017).
Secondly, due to healthcare provision, inmates are taking longer in prison. They tend to
stay to old ages, and as always known, adults of age above 55 years need high medical
consideration. To generalize, elderly citizens require high medical devotion than junior citizens
and can cost nine whiles more than the younger jailbirds (Moore, 2005). Due to expensive
prescriptions, at least one in a group of three is reported to have taken non-prescribed
medication.
Therefore, I would like to appreciate the entire population for staying calm and showing
corporation for the time passed. Meanwhile, healthcare attention will be more concentrated in the
women sector compared to the men's sector. We arrived at this decision due to the following
challenges arising from women's prison. The rule of nature states that women are delicate
creatures, and as such, we did not confine them to die but correct their mistakes and go back to
society to deliver duties as good citizens.
Women are more often suffering from mental health issues, where a high population
reports traumatic stress disorder, self-harming, and depression repeatedly. The degree to which
mental health cases are observed in women prison is much higher than the male prison (Bartlett
et al 2018). Several statistics have shown that women are highly capable of self-harming and
committing murder than male inmates. Female prisoners have grown high chances of injecting
drugs than men prisoners, thus exposing them to an increased risk of contracting bloodborne
diseases and HIV. Due to the few stated challenges we are experiencing from female prison, they
call for great medical attention.
The prison will implement the services through the aid of “Conceptual Framework." This
framework was chosen due to the following concern; the mental health care unit in this prison
incorporates several stakeholders. Since we will never find a theoretical framework that gives a
solution to the diverse objectives, the conceptual framework is then to help isolate those who are
suffering emotionally and those who are not emotionally suffering. The conceptual framework
will also help detect inmates who need mental health care from those who need care relating to
recidivism.
I take this opportunity to thank all of you for your patience; if anybody has any questions
concerning inmate's healthcare, do not hesitate to drop at our regular complaint box. We are
looking forward to offering the best health care services to all.
References
Moore, J. (2005). Public Health behind Bars: Health Care for Jail Inmates
Rold, W. J. (2008). Thirty years after Estelle v. Gamble: A legal retrospective. Journal of
Correctional Health Care, 14(1), 11-20.
Bartlett, A., & Hollins, S. (2018). Challenges and mental health needs of women in prison. The
British Journal of Psychiatry, 212(3), 134-136.
Friedman, M. C. (2017). Cruel and unusual punishment in the provision of prison medical care:
Challenging the deliberate indifference standard. Vand. L. Rev., 45, 921.
Strategic Planning Framework Evidence Collection Table (an example)
Framework: P.E.R.I.E.
Step of the process
Problem
Evedence type
Present
Scientific
Morbidity rates
Needed
Stakeholders to
provide the evidence
Mortality rates
School enrolment
CDC
Dof Ed
Relationship
N/A
Regional Health
Case Control Study System
HMGT 495 case study #2
Continue working with the case described in week 3. Prepare a
table (freestyle) addressing the following:
1. Identify what information and evidence you have to apply to
the strategic process steps.
2. Identify appropriate evidence you still need to correctly use
the strategic planning process. (HINT: make sure to list all types
of evidence you need)
3. Identify the sources of the needed evidence. Offer the
stakeholders able to provide you with the evidence you are
seeking.
***Look at Evidence table example using a search
engine/images
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