Populations and Communities • Review and Reinforce Interactions Among Living Things Understanding Main Ideas Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. How does natural selection produce adaptations in a species? 2. What is an organism's niche? 3. How do adaptations enable organisms to reduce competition for food and other resources? Population of Lynx and Hares, 1845-1935 160 --- Lynx 140 120 - Hares 100 Population (thousands) 80 60 40 M 20 1915 1925 1935 1845 1855 1865 1875 1885 1895 1905 YEAR The graph above shows how the population sizes of lynx and snowshoe hares changed over time. Use the graph to answer Questions 4-7. 4. When the hare population increased, what happened to the lynx population? Why? 5. How do you think an increase in the lynx population affected the hare population? Why? 6. What other factors could have caused a decrease in the hare population? 7. Predict what happened to the two populations between 1935 and 1945. Building Vocabulary Respond to the following items on a separate sheet of paper. 8. Define the terms predation, predator, and prey in your own words. Give an example of a predator-prey relationship. Identify the predator and the prey 9. Name and describe the three types of symbiotic relationships. 10. Define the term competition. Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Analyzing Interactions Among Organisms In 1997, a community decided to get rid of the population of rattlesnakes in the area. The graph below shows what happened to the populations of rattlesnakes, birds, and rodents. (The rodents included animals such as mice, rats, and prairie dogs.) Populations of Rodents, Birds, and Rattlesnakes Rodents Birds Number of Organisms Rattlesnakes 1994 1995 1996 1998 1999 1997 Year Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Did the bird populations appear to benefit from the elimination of the rattlesnakes? How do you know? 2. Did the rodent populations appear to benefit from the elimination of the rattlesnakes? How do you know? 3. What was the main source of food for the rattlesnakes? How can you tell? 4. Why do you think the bird populations decreased sharply after the rattlesnakes were eliminated? 5. Do you think it was a good idea for the community to eliminate the rattlesnake population? Explain your answer. Pearson Education, hxc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall Al nights reserved.
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