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Experiment
Tissues, Organs, and Homeostasis
Tissues, Organs, and Homeostasis
Margaret E. Vorndam, M.S.
Version 42-0131-00-01
Lab Report Assistant
This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report
Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables
that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab
reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor.
Observations
Data Table 1: Data Recorded from Homeostasis Exercise
Body
Temperature,
°F or °C
Before exercise,
T0 = 0 minutes
After exercise
Heart Beats
per Minute
Rate of
Respiration
Inhalations per
Minute
Other
Observations
96.7 °F
83
17
normal
98.5 °F
104
31
T1 = 10 minutes 98.7
83
26
Sweaty; heavy
breathing
T2 = 15 minutes 98.5 °F
86
21
Body returning to
normal except for
temperature
T3 = 20 minutes 98.2 °F
79
17
Temp still above my
normal; heart beat
decreased;
respiration normal.
T4 = 25 minutes 98.3 °F
76
19
T5 = 30 minutes 98.1 °F
76
15
Temp is fluctuating
still; heart beat
decreasing;
however
respirations
climbed.
Temp higher, pulse
slowed by 7 beats as
well as respiration.
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Tissues, Organs, and Homeostasis
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Tissues, Organs, and Homeostasis
Exercise 1: Homeostasis
Results
A. Describe what changes you observed in the subject between the pre-exercise and the postexercise states.
B. How long did it take for the subject’s measurements to return to the pre-exercise states?
C. Are these changes that you expected to happen?
D. If results are available from someone else’s trial or you are able to repeat the exercise with
a different subject, compare those results with yours. What differences do you find? How might
you explain these differences?
Questions
A. Describe what systems in the subject’s body actively participated in homeostatic changes to
allow it to perform this exercise.
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B. Exactly what kinds of activity did each system undertake to compensate for the subject’s
exercise, and enable him/her to perform it?
C. Why do you believe the subject’s body made these adjustments?
D. What did you learn from this exercise?
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Tissues, Organs, and Homeostasis
Exercise 2: Epithelial Cells
Results
A. What observations did you make about your skin when viewed under the hand lens?
Were you able to locate the “slough” layer of cells? What is the purpose of this layer?
B. Why can you consider skin to be like hide on another animal?
C. When you viewed the microscope slides, what similarities did you observe between the
prepared slide and the wet-mount slide?
D. How were the two slides different?
E. Where in the body will you find each type of epithelial cell that you observe on
the prepared slide? Hint: Epithelial cells that contain cilia tend to be found where
absorption is important and where “flushing” to remove foreign objects is necessary.
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F. Why are mouth lining scrapings used for DNA analysis in forensic testing?
G. How does your epidermal layer differ from that of other animals such as dogs and cats? How
is it the same?
Exercise 3: Neurological Function
Questions
A. What is the purpose of nerve cells?
B. How does their function differ from that of the endocrine system?
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C. What type of nerve cell is represented in the prepared slide smear? Motor, sensory or
interneuron? How do you know?
D. Where would you expect to find the most nerve tissue in your body? Why?
E. Where might you find the least amount of nerve tissue? Why?
Exercise 4: Muscular System
Results
A. Describe the characteristics of each type of muscle. How are they the same? How are they
different? Why are they different?
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B. Does the wet mount of the beef bone muscle tissue appear similar to any of the prepared
slide muscles? Which one? Why is it similar to this type of muscle? What is its function?
A. What type of muscle is represented by:
a. A beef roast -
d. Tripe -
b. A beef heart -
e. Chicken drumstick -
c. A beef tongue -
f. Fish fillet -
B. Why do muscle tissue types vary in cell makeup?
Exercise 5: The Skeletal System
Results
A. Where would you find a beef “knucklebone” in a cow’s body? What structure is analogous in
a human body?
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B. What are the roles of the various structures found in bone?
C. How does the prepared slide of bone differ from the photo of the osteoporitic bone?
questions
A. Why is bone health so critical?
B. What factors govern bone health?
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C. Older people, particularly women that are post-menopausal, suffer from bone loss. What advice
could you give a senior person to help her or him maintain the health of their bones as they age?
Exercise 6: Summary Activity
Results
A. In the diagram, which body systems are absolutely essential for a human to live?
B. Are there any system(s) we can lack and still survive without their operation?
C. Are there system(s) that humans have that are NOT portrayed in the diagram above? What
are their functions? Are they necessary for life?
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D. Which system(s) could be considered to be the body’s “communication” system(s)?
E. Which systems could be considered to be the body’s “transportation” system(s)?
Questions
A. How does the body thermoregulate? What specific biochemical mechanisms are involved?
B. What specific waste products are produced by the body and how are they removed?
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C. How do habits such as smoking and heavy drinking affect the body? Why are the effects
reversible if the habit stops?
D. Choose one system to investigate further. Go to Medline Plus online at http://www.nlm.nih.
gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html and locate the system in their directory. Explore one disorder
of this system that can occur. Outline its symptoms, its effect, and what is currently known about
treatment. How does this disorder impact homeostasis in the victim? (NOTE: If a secondary web
link does not work, choose another system/topic.) Place your report here:
Laboratory Summary
What have you learned from doing this laboratory that you did not know before you began it?
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