Description
Module 1 - Case
TERRORISM AND DOMESTIC TERRORISM DEFINITIONS AND THEORY
Assignment Overview
Read the articles provided. Focus on groups, their agendas, goals, ideology. Read Marighella, (1969). Mini-manual of the Urban Guerrilla to gain an understanding as to why it is a primer document for terrorist tactics throughout the Americas. I would suggest a review of Major Marques Command and Staff Paper, 2003 as a counter balance to this manual.
You will note the reference to guerrilla warfare in lieu of terrorism. They are different and at the same time very much alike in personnel, tactics, strategy, tools and vision. Each organization has its own signature or footprint that makes it unique.
Case Assignment
Link to “10 Terrorist Organizations Operating in the US”
Pick two (2) U.S. Domestic terrorist groups.
Animal Liberation Front (ALF), the Earth Liberation Front (ELF), Write an essay that provides general understanding and applied insight into the groups’ theory, background and motivations plus answering the questions:
Information on ALF and ELF:
https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/testimony/animal-rights-extremism-and-ecoterrorism
1.Why is the group a terrorist group?
Animal Liberation Front (ALF), the Earth Liberation Front (ELF),
2.Under which terrorist theory category does it fall?
3.Where does the group operate?
4.What are the group’s objectives?
5.How is the group organized?
6.How is the group financed?
7.Is the group linked to any other groups?
8.Does the group have strong organization and or communications (security)?
9.Has/was the group been infiltrated by the FBI? If so, how?
10. Your assessment on the group’s future viability.
If you cannot find the answer to the above questions for your group, then there must be a reason why? Use your critical thinking and answer based on your views.
Assignment Expectations
Length: This Case Assignment should be at least 4-6 pages not counting the title page and references.
References: At least two references should be included from academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are included. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it MUST be enclosed in quotes. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your paper according to question.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standards guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance: All content is connected to the question.
Precision: Specific question is addressed. Statements, facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion: Present and integrate points that lead to deeper issues.
Breadth: Multiple perspectives and references, multiple issues and factors considered.
Evidence: Points are well-supported with facts, statistics and references.
Logic: Presented discussion makes sense, conclusions are logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity: Writing is concise, understandable, and contains sufficient detail or examples.
Objectivity: Avoid use of first person and subjective bias.
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Module 1 - Background
TERRORISM AND DOMESTIC TERRORISM DEFINITIONS AND THEORY
Required Reading
Cadigan J., & Schmitt P. M. (2010). Strategic entry deterrence and terrorism: Theory and experimental evidence. Public Choice, 143: 3–22. Available from the Trident Online Library. Read the first 4 pages only.
Kaplan, J. (2008). Terrorism fifth wave: A theory, a conundrum, and a dilemma. Perspectives on Terrorism, 2(2), Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277405374...
Marighella, C. (1969). Mini-manual of the urban guerrilla. Retrieved from http://www.marxists.org/archive/marighella-carlos/... [a classic]
Militant extremists in the United States (2016). Homeland Security Digital Library. Retrieved from https://www.hsdl.org/c/militant-extremists-in-the-...
Miller, E. and Smarick, K. (2012). Profiles of perpetrators of terrorism in the United States. START Terrorism Database. Retrieved from https://www.start.umd.edu/pubs/START_PPTUS_DataCol...
Trista (n. d.). The Weathermen launched a terror campaign in the 1960s and 1970s. Retrieved from http://historycollection.co/diana-oughton-one-many...
Optional Reading
Marques, P. D. (2003). Guerilla warfare tactics in urban environments. U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. Retrieved from http://fas.org/man/eprint/marques.pdf
Perspectives on Terrorism Journal. (2017). Journal of the Terrorism Research Initiative and the Center for Terrorism and Security Studies. Retrieved fromhttp://www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot/...
Coats, D. R. (2018). Worldwide Threat Assessment of the US Intelligence Community. Retrieved from https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/Newsroom/Testi...
Animal Liberation Front (ALF), the Earth Liberation Front (ELF): https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/testimony/a...
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Explanation & Answer
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OUTLINE
Terrorism and Domestic Terrorism
Thesis statement: The two groups are sister organizations and are believed to be responsible for
close to six hundred criminal acts and 43 million dollar damages between 1996 and 2002
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Introduction
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The two U.S. Domestic terrorist groups
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Why is the group a terrorist group?
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Under which terrorist theory category does it fall?
•
Where does the group operate?
•
What are the group’s objectives?
•
How is the group organized?
•
How is the group financed?
•
Is the group linked to any other groups?
•
Does the group have strong organization and or communications (security)?
•
Has/was the group been infiltrated by the FBI? If so, how?
•
Your assessment on the group’s future viability.
Running head: TERRORISM AND DOMESTIC TERRORISM
Terrorism and Domestic Terrorism
Student’s Name
Institution
Professor
Date
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TERRORISM AND DOMESTIC TERRORISM
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For this week's assignment, I have chosen to write about Animal Liberations Front and
Earth Liberation Front. These two groups are sister organizations and are believed to be
responsible for close to six hundred criminal acts and 43 million dollar damages between 1996
and 2002. The group was committed to direct revolutionary violence and relied on the leaderless
resistance model of operation. They do not have a discernible organizational structure and
depend on members who understand organizational goals and orientation (Logan, 2019).
The Animal Liberation Front was founded in Great Britain in the mid-1970s and was
organized loosely as an extremist movement dedicated to ending the abuse and animal
exploitation. The branch in America began operating in the late 1970s. The group claims that it is
not violent, while in the real sense, these terrorists are making damages worth millions of dollars
to guiltless farmers and scientists while hurting animals they are trying to save.
The group participants say that the group is a modern-day underground railroad that
removes animals from labs and farms, provides vet care, and works in shelters where animals
reside. However, they have been labeled as terrorists by critics (Logan, 2019). Their primary
motivation was to liberate animals from places of abuse and deliver them from hurting, impose
economic damage on the people who profit from exploiting animals, show the horror done to
animals where it cannot be seen, and take necessary safety measures against hurting any animal.
Many of the animals they release hardly live in the wild without quality care, and most of
them die. Animal testing is an essential step in health care, especially in creating new treatment
methods. Most of the time, attacks disrupt the process, hence preventing the introduction of
treatment, increasing treatment costs for the companies and consumers.
TERRORISM AND DOMESTIC TERRORISM
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On the other hand, Earth liberation front is a general name of people who use economic
sabotage and guerrilla warfare to end the environment's misuse and wrecking. It was established
in 1992 in the United Kingdom and is currently known as subsiding from Animal Liberation
Front because of the correlation that the two possess. They also had the leaderless resistance
model, and their motive was to curb environmental destruction.
The Earth Liberation Front does not have any formal leadership or hierarchy and is
decentralized completely (Johnston, 2017). Individuals in the group often work in empathy
groups and are funded individually. The tactics used by the group include destroying property
using tools or making use of arson. These actions are meant to destroy what they believe activists
use to harm animals, people, or the environment.
The FBI has designated Earth Liberation Front as eco-terrorists. Despite the movement
being leaderless, the FBI mentioned that the activist Rod Coronado is the national leader of the
United States movement. On the other hand, Ron Coronado identifies himself as an unofficial
ELF spokesman (Logan, 2019).
Despite the different trends, the most destructive practice that the Animal Liberation
Front, the Earth Liberation Front, has to date is arson. They make use of...
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