GCCCD Detached Retina Cardiovascular Accident & Parkinson Disease Case Studies

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fpubbyjbex2020

Health Medical

Grossmont-Cuyamaca Community College District

Description

Create your Assignment submission and be sure to cite your sources, use APA style as required, check your spelling.

Assignment:

In a 1100-word APA essay - Complete all three of the following SherPath case studies: 1. Detached Retina, 2. Cardiovascular Accident, 3. Parkinson's Disease. Create your Assignment submission and be sure to cite your sources, use APA style as required, check your spelling.

  1. Detached Retina

Mr. Gray, a 65-year-old man, was in an automobile accident in which he suffered a concussion. Soon after he was released, he noticed what he described as a “gray spot” in his field of vision. At first he ignored it, thinking it would go away, but the spot seemed to darken and spread over his visual field. He didn’t report any pain with the problem. On calling his physician, he was advised to go to the nearest hospital immediately. A detached retina was diagnosed.

After treatment, he regained most of his normal sight back. Five years later, he began having problems again. The central area of his visual field was becoming blurred, and he was losing his depth perception. An initial eye examination revealed neovascularization in both eyes.

  • Question 1: Relate the patient history and circumstances of the injury and the signs and symptoms related to the pathophysiology of this condition.
  • Question 2: Discuss the treatments available for the patient.
  • Question 3: Relate the symptoms and signs to those of macular degeneration.
  • Question 4: Discuss the treatment available and the prognosis for recovering his normal vision.

Resources to assist you:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3m__6QS8U_8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZe7VxtuQB0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozZQIZ_52YY

  1. Cardiovascular Accident

Mr. Quinn, age 64 years, developed a severe headache several hours ago that has not responded to acetaminophen. Now his speech is slurred, and his right arm and the right side of his face feel numb. He is very anxious and is transported to the hospital. Mr. Quinn has a history of smoking and arteriosclerosis, and there is family history of CVA and diabetes. Assessment at the hospital indicated weakness on the right side, including facial asymmetry and a blood pressure of 220/110 Hg mm. A CT scan showed damaged tissue on the left side of the brain, and an angiogram indicated narrowing of the carotid arteries and middle cerebral arteries, with occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery.

  • Question 1: Discuss the pathophysiology related to CVA due to thrombus vs. embolus. Describe the stages in the development of an atheroma.
  • Question 2: Explain the predisposing factors in this case, and relate Mr. Quinn’s initial signs to the pathological changes.
  • Question 3: Discuss the treatments available after first aid for stroke patients and the patient’s prognosis.

Resources to help you:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIAI6KOwKII&t=16s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8s427-tv58

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCvV11R2lgg&t=7s

  1. Parkinson Disease

Mr. Nimmo, age 66, has noticed excessive fatigue, muscle aches, and weakness in his legs for some time. His hands were shaking slightly, although his wife reported that the shaking appeared to stop when he fell asleep. Some unintentional head movements were also apparent. He remembers that his grandfather died in his mid-60s after suffering for years from a condition with similar symptoms. After several tests and the elimination of some other neuromuscular conditions, a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was made for Mr. Nimmo.

  • Question 1: Discuss the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease and how it differs from other neuromuscular conditions affecting older adults.
  • Question 2: Discuss the usual progression of the disease as the pathophysiology develops further. Indicate additional manifestations that will be noticeable.
  • Question 3: Describe the complications that frequently develop, including the rationale for each and the early indications of each problem.
  • Question 4: Discuss the treatments available to this patient.

Resources to help you:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qdD4Ny34cc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3n8UjH9h_8I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8mvUDiBQbjg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ny8a3eNG68M

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hM8xUB07Y0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFecdPI_-dg

Requirements: .doc file

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Explanation & Answer

Attached. Please let me know if you have any questions or need revisions.

Running head: CASE STUDIES

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Case Studies
Name
Institution
Date

CASE STUDIES

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Case Studies
1. Detached Retina

a. Relate the patient history and circumstances of the injury and the signs and symptoms
related to the pathophysiology of this condition.
Retinal detachment is a condition where the tissue at the back of the eye (retina) detaches
from its usual location. This results in the separation of retinal cells from blood vessels supplying
oxygen and nutrients, which then increases the risk of ischemia and tissue death. Although the
risk of retinal detachment increases with aging, the automobile accident could have resulted in a
tear at the retina's surface; thus, allowing fluids to pass through and accumulate below the tissue,
making it pull away from the underlying structure. It is an emergency because it progresses into
a permanent loss of vision if left untreated for a more extended period (Kattouf, 2020). In this
case, the treatment offered to the patient helped slow down the progress of the condition. It is
worth noting that the eyes' ability to work together to form clearer images reduces the chances of
identifying central vision loss in one of the eyes. Therefore, this might have happened to the
patient until neovascularization has occurred on both eyes, which then increased blurriness and
loss of depth perception, as presented by the patient.
b. Discuss the treatments available for the patient.
The treatment options available for the patient is subject to the extent of the retinal
separation. A small peripheral retinal detachment can be managed by laser photocoagulation or
cryotherapy barrier. On the other hand, if the patient has extensive detachment, some of the
available treatment alternatives include injecting air or gas into the eye through a pneumatic
retinopexy procedure and indenting the eye surface in a technique described as scleral buckling
(TheOphthoGuy, 2016). The air bubble from the pneumatic retinopexy procedure pushes the part

CASE STUDIES

3

of the eye containing the hole against the eyewall, s...


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