Packet tracer

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ynyv07

Computer Science

George Mason University

Description

Doing a lap requirements using packet tracer and some networking knowledge. Please briefly explain what you did to answer each question. this is for my own learning I have to be able to answer it my self. And please do not use the answers on the internet. And do exactly what they asked for on the ducument I uploaded


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NET463 Lab #1 – DHCP and NAT ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENT Must be done on Packet Tracer Version 2 (revised Q9 in NAT section) Lab Scenario: In this lab, you will be configuring routers and a DHCP server to enable DHCP IP address assignment and Network Address Translation (NAT) using Packet Tracer. The network diagram of Figure 1 illustrates a LAN network connected to a WAN. In this network, a WAN DHCP server provides the dynamic IP address assignment to the LAN hosts (Hosts 1,2 and 3). To enable DHCP IP address assignment in this network, Router R1 must be configured as a DHCP relay agent. As discussed in lecture, a DHCP relay agent forwards DHCP packets between clients and servers when they are not on the same physical subnet. Relay agent forwarding is distinct from the normal forwarding of an IP router, where IP datagrams are switched between networks somewhat transparently. By contrast, relay agents receive DHCP messages and then generate a new DHCP message to send out on another interface. The relay agent sets the gateway address (giaddr field of the DHCP packet) and, if configured, adds the relay agent information option. In addition, this lab will demonstrate how NAT translates IP addresses. As discussed in lecture, NAT translates non-routable private, internal addresses into routable, public addresses. NAT has an added benefit of providing a degree of privacy and security to a network because it hides internal IP addresses from outside networks. In this Lab, you will configure NAT overload. To demonstrate this capability, Router R1 will be configured to perform NAT translation. DHCP IP Address Assignment 192.10.1.0/24 Up to 50 users DHCP Server R1 NAT Router DHCP Relay Agent Host1 Fa0/0 Host2 Fa0/1 Fa0/0 Fa1/0 192.10.1.1 Fa0/0 192.168.20.0/24 Host3 200.10.1.2 Fa0/0 200.10.1.0/24 200.10.1.1 Fa0/1 168.10.1.0/30 Fa0/0 Switch S1 R2 WAN Edge Router Fa0/0 200.10.1.3 Fa0/0 Host4 192.168.20.254 Internal Web Server Figure 1: Lab #1 Network Diagram Learning Objectives • • • • • Configure an ACL to permit NAT Configure dynamic NAT with Overload Configure a router as a DHCP relay agent Configure a DHCP server Test connectivity and debug using pings IP Address Requirements: Lab #1 Assignment NET 463 Page 1 Use the IP address assignments show in Lab #1 Network Diagram. If an interface in the diagram does not have a specific IP address assigned to it, then assign one yourself but ensuring that the IP address assignment is within the subnet. Lab Environment: You MUST configure and test this lab using a network simulator such as Cisco’s Packet Tracer. Unlike all of the other labs in this class, there is no DLPOD/POD available to conduct this lab. Use the Cisco 2811 router. Also, you need to insert the NM-1FE-TX expansion card to the router to enable three fast Ethernet interfaces to the device. Lab Procedure: DHCP Address Assignment Follow these steps to complete this portion of the lab: 1. Configure all IP interfaces on all devices using addresses from Table #1 above and subnet masks according to Table #1: Subnet Design that you filled out in Lab #1 Answers file. Remember to do a no shutdown on each router interface. Set default gateway values on Hosts/Servers to the local router interface. 2. On each router, configure routing protocol RIPv2. To configure RIPv2, enter the following commands to each router: router rip version 2 After configured for rip routing, advertise the 1) serial link subnet that connects the two routers and 2) the 200.10.1.0 subnet by using network commands while in router configuration mode. As an example, for router R2, you should enter two network commands: network 200.10.1.0 network 168.10.1.0 3. Configure router R1 to be a DHCP relay agent by executing the command ip helper-address 200.10.1.2 on the Fa0/1 interface. 4. Configure the DHCP server to dynamically assign IP addresses to hosts in the subnet 192.10.1.0/24 5. Configure the DHCP server to dynamically assign the default gateway IP address to 192.10.1.1 for each of the hosts. The 192.10.1.1 IP address should be assigned to the router R1 Fa0/1 interface). Allow IP assignment of up to 50 users (max). Also name this pool “NET463_W2021”. 6. Now proceed to the questions related to the DHCP section of the the Lab Report by executing the commands specified and pasting all screenshots requested. Lab Procedure: Network Address Translation (NAT) Follow these steps to complete this portion of the lab: 7. Create a named standard Access Control List (ACL). To define the internal addresses that are translated to public addresses in the NAT process, create a named standard ACL called R1NAT. This list is used in the NAT configuration steps that follow. R1(config)#ip access-list standard R1NAT R1(config-std-nacl)#permit 192.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 Lab #1 Assignment NET 463 Page 2 8. Configure dynamic NAT to allow any host in subnet 192.10.1.0/24 to access the Internet at the same time. Configure NAT with overload to accommodate the additional hosts. NAT overload, also called Port Address Translation (PAT), uses port numbers to distinguish packets from different hosts that are assigned the same public IP address. Enter the following command to router R1 to configure the public address that is dynamically mapped to the internal hosts. R1(config)#ip nat inside source list R1NAT inter fa1/0 overload 9. Configure the interfaces on R1 to apply NAT. In interface configuration mode on R1, configure each of the interfaces using the ip nat {inside | outside} command. Because the internal addresses are on networks connected to the Fa0/0, Fa0/1 interfaces, use the ip nat inside command in configuring these interfaces. The Internet is connected to Fa1/0, so use the ip nat outside command on this interface 10. Now proceed to the questions related to the NAT section of the Lab Report by executing the commands specified and pasting all screenshots requested. Lab #1 Assignment NET 463 Page 3 Lab Report / Questions (100pts): IP Address Plan (10%) Based on the network diagram, assign a specific IP address and subnet mask to each interface and enter it into the table below. Table #1: IP Address Assignment Device R1 R1 R1 R2 R2 Internal Web server DHCP Server Host4 Interface Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa1/0 Fa0/0 Fa0/1 IP Address Mask Fa0/0 Fa0/0 Fa0/0 Lab Implementation (90%) Once you have implemented and tested your network, answer each of questions below. Note that all screenshots must contain only a single window, not your entire desktop. To do this on Windows, highlight the window, type Alt-Printscreen to capture active window, then CTL-V to paste it into document. On Mac you can use the Grab utility. Lab Procedure: DHCP Address Assignment Questions: 1. (20%) In the Desktop tab of each PC, click IP Configuration, and then select DHCP. The IP configuration information should be immediately updated. Include a screenshot of the results for Host 1, 2, and 3 and paste here. 2. (10%) On Host #1, execute a ping to host #4. Include a screenshot of the results and paste here. 3. (5%) On the DHCP server in the DHCP-services dialog box, include a screenshot of the results and paste here. 4. (5%) The Source IP address and Destination IP address of the DHCPDISCOVER message from the client(s) prior to being assigned an IP address are: Source IP address = Destination IP address = 5. (5%) What DHCP message does the Router send back to the client in the local subnet that contains the information such as subnet mask, default gateway, IP address lease time, and domain name server (DNS)? Lab #1 Assignment NET 463 Page 4 DHCP message: __________ 6. (5%) What DHCP message does the Client send back to the router in the local subnet that communicates that it accepts the offer? DHCP message: __________ 7. (5%) What DHCP message does the Router send back to the client to acknowledge and conclude the address assignment? DHCP message: __________ 8. (5%) Which one of the messages above is unidirectional in the subnet? DHCP message: __________ Lab Procedure: NAT Questions: 9. (10%) On the inside web server, execute a ping from Host #1 to Host #4 include a screenshot of the results and paste here. 10. (10%) You should now be able to ping from any inside host to Outside Host or the DHCP Server. To see the effects of NAT on a specific packet, enter Simulation mode in Packet Tracer and observe the packet that originates from a ping on Host 1. Click the colored information box associated with that packet as it is passed from Host 1 to R1. By clicking Inbound PDU Details, you should see that the source address is IP address that was assigned by DHCP earlier in the lab. Include a screenshot of the results and paste here. By clicking Outbound PDU Details or R1, you should see that the source address has been translated to the 168.10.1.1 address. Include a screenshot of the results and paste here. 11. (5%) In Lab #1 NAT portion of the lab, was “over-loading” demonstrated (YES or NO)? If YES, then explain how the NAT router supports “overload”. That is, how does the router translate many private IP addresses to fewer public IP addresses? 12. (5%) Based on your above explanation, discuss why such a method presents challenges with Ping packets and how this is generally resolved (hint: think about how Ping OSPF packets are encapsulated, that is, are they encapsulated in UDP or TCP?). 13. (5%) On router R1, display the PAT translation table by entering the command show ip nat translations and include a screenshot of the results and paste here. 14. (5%) For the PAT address translation portion of Lab #1, provide an IP address example for each the following: inside local address: inside global address: outside global address: Lab #1 Assignment NET 463 Page 5
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