Description
In Week 3, you created an annotated bibliography on a set of topics. For this assignment, use that information to write a thorough literature review. Develop a paper from the information you collected as well as what you learned from your course and text readings. To supplement your literature review for this paper, find two more scholarly journal articles related to any of the topics here (added to the six articles you reviewed in Week 3, for a total of at least eight articles; see article criteria from W3 Assignment 2):
- Criteria: Clearly identify and describe your chosen disorder. Include the following:
- The typical age of onset of the disorder
- Symptoms or criteria for diagnosis
- The typical course or progression of the disorder, causes, and multicultural and diversity factors (including gender)
- Associated problems or disorders that tend to co-occur
- History: Describe the history of the disorder. (Explain how our understanding of the causes and treatment of the disorder has changed over time.)
- Theories: Compare at least two psychological theories that seek to explain the causes and symptoms of the disorder.
- Treatments: Identify and describe three of the most effective (on the basis of your research findings) treatments for the disorder. Provide information from your sources to back up your statements.
Write a paper in Microsoft Word document, adhering to the following guidelines:
- The length of the paper should be 10–12 double-spaced pages (including the title and reference pages).
- The paper should have the following sections:
- A title page
- Introduction: This should be 1–2 pages in length. The introduction provides a brief overview of what will be covered and the purpose of the paper.
- Literature review: The literature review should be based on the information you gathered and analyzed in Week 3, in addition to at least two additional articles. In total, you should be including at least eight academic journal articles in this paper.
- Discussion and conclusion sections: The difference between a great paper and a marginal one is the depth and originality of the discussion and conclusion sections. This is where you bring together what you learned from the literature review (as well as through the course) in your concluding remarks regarding your topic. The discussion and conclusion sections should be 1–2 pages in length.
- References page
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Explanation & Answer
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Outline
Introduction
i.
Definition Of Terms
ii.
Epidemiology And Incidence
iii.
Symptoms Of ADHD And Diagnostic Criteria
a. Screening and Diagnostic Scales FOPR Use With Adults
iv.
Typical Course Of ADHD, Its Causes And Multifactorial And Diversity Factors
v.
Associated Problems That Tend To Co-Occur
vi.
History Of ADHD
vii.
Theories Related To ADHD
viii.
Treatment Of ADHD
Conclusion
References
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Psychology Question
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Introduction
ADHD has become a hot topic of discussion among modern pediatric physicians and
psychologists, warranting more research into this condition. This paper explains the condition,
the most common symptoms, diagnostic criteria based on presentation, and the
treatment/management of ADHD. Additionally, the paper details the disorder's historical
evolution in diagnosis, categorization, and treatment options. The causes of ADHD are listed and
explained herein, alongside the predisposing factors to the disorder. The typical progression of
ADHD has been explained in this paper and the management and treatment options offered.
Definition of Terms
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a condition with a continuous norm
Hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention that disrupts normal development and functioning.
ADHD is regarded to be the most prevalent neurodevelopment childhood illness (Ayano et al.,
2020). Inattention is seen when the patient deviates from the tasks or duties given, and they are
not persistent, cannot focus for a long time, and is often disorganized. These manifestations are
purely not caused by a lack of comprehension. The client can receive 'orders,' but sustaining their
execution becomes an issue (Cioni et al., 2019). When an individual is said to be hyperactive,
they usually present with characteristic movement all around the place, even in situations that
would be inappropriate. The client may talk excessively, demonstrate taping and fidget
behaviors. The adult patient may present with excessive restlessness and may irritate others by
working them to exhaustion with unending bouts of activity. Impulsivity is when an individual
act or behaves hastily in a given moment with no critical thinking to make an informed decision.
These actions often have grave potential to harm the parties involved. The client is eager to seek
immediate rewards for their activities and is unable to delay gratification. The patient with
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ADHD can be intrusive socially and interrupt other people. These patients may end up making
very important decisions uninformed or not even considering the potential consequences of the
long-term.
Epidemiology and Incidence
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disease of childhood. Among all the young school-aged
children, about 2.2%-27.8% of them have been shown to suffer from this disorder (Prasad et al.,
2017). The disorder has been associated with other significant deficiencies such as learning
disabilities, executive control of behavior and function, and global social skills impairment
(Ayano et al., 2020). In an article by Cioni, Moralez, Donzelli, and Augustin, ADHD has been
explained to be both a cognitive and behavioral disorder with a global prevalence of 5% among
all children.
These researchers suggest that ADHD is linked to the environment around the child’s
development during the early year (Cioni et al., 2019). Researchers have argued that this
condition is more prevalent among males than females. Although this might be the case, those
females who have ADHD tend to develop inattention faster than their male counterparts. The
typical age at which ADHD sets in is usually before the client is twelve years old. In rare cases,
the symptoms are manifested as early as at the age of three. (Grassman et al., 2017)
Symptoms of ADHD and diagnostic Criteria
The diagnosis of ADHD is primarily focused on a comprehensive health history taking
and assessment of the patient. Before and an individual can be diagnosed with ADHD, all the
following criteria have to be met:
1. There has to be more than five symptoms and signs of inattention, with or without
associated hyperact...
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