III. THE PODC MODEL
173
Exhibit 8.1 (Continued)
AREA C: Middle managers are typically evaluated on meeting objectives.
Objectives
For example, for the goal:
The objectives delivered focus on how each individual goal will be achieved.
in 18 months
"Medical errors of commission and omission will be reduced by 8 and 5 percent, respectively,
four objectives might be:
• A mandatory electronic prescription system (EPS) will be introduced within 1 year that must be
used by all clinicians when prescribing medications to patients.
• A wireless secure link between clinicians' personal digital assistants and the EPS will be available
within 14 months.
• A bar-scanning mechanism that includes the patient, all hospital personnel who treat the patient,
and the prescribed/administered service will be implemented within 1 year.
• The status of achieving this goal will be presented to the chief medical director monthly and to the
chief executive officer quarterly.
AREA D: First-level managers and individual contributors are typically evaluated on meeting tactics.
Tactics
Tactics are described that will meet the objectives. There are usually several tactics that are needed
to achieve each objective.
For each tactic include times and identify accountable individual(s).
Goal, Objectives, and Tactics
respectively, in 18 months.
Goal: Medical errors of commission and omission will be reduced within 1 year by 8 and 5 percent,
Objective 1: A mandatory electronic prescription system (EPS) will be introduced within 1 year that
must be used by all clinicians when prescribing medications to patients.
Tactic 1.1: Choose HMIS EPS project manager (PM) (1 month; owner: HMIS first-level manager).
Tactic 1.2: Engage consultant to assist in decisions and development needs (1.5 months; owner:
HMIS team).
Tactic 1.3: Determine vendor (2 months; owner: HMIS EPS PM).
Tactic 1.4: Develop implementation and roll out plan (4 months; owner: HMIS EPS PM).
to develop that fit into the ov
subsequently reviewed and approved by the health organiz
Visio
management team. The
what is planned to occur will result in the organization meeting the mission and realizing the vi-
"big picture” is what executives should be focusing on primarily—they need to make sure that
sion. An example of vision, mission, goals, objectives, and tactics of a hospital is shown in
Exhibit 8.1.
Exhibit 8.1 Strategic Planning Focus
AREA A: The vision and mission are typically determined by the executive team.
Vision, Mission
The vision and mission statements, when articulated, clarify who the healthcare organization is.
They will describe the organization.
Vision Statement
To be viewed internationally as a hospital that is based on comprehensive research activities and
clinical excellence.
Mission Statement
To be considered by all our patients, and their families, as delivering excellent care and the utmost
concern for their overall well-being.
AREA B: Senior Managers are typically evaluated on meeting goals.
Goals
Goals will allow a level of focus on how the vision and mission will be achieved.
Goals are usually provided in an outline or bulleted form. Each goal is specific and measurable and
if all goals are met then the organization is successful and the vision and mission has been achieved.
Both short-term goals (within 12 months) and long-term goals (3 to 5 years) should be presented.
Organization Goals
• Patient and family satisfaction will improve in 1 year.
• Within the next 6 months, 50% of our palliative care patients will have reported pain less than 5
(1-10 scale).
• Medical errors of commission and omission will be reduced by 8 and 5 percent, respectively, in
18 months.
Physicians will express satisfaction with the emergency care program after 2 years.
• Revenue will meet direct expenses within 3 years.
For each goal there is a series of objectives that need to be achieved in order to reach the goal.
[*Errors of commission would be errors such as prescribing a medication that has adverse side effects with another
medication that the patient is taking. Errors of omission would be such errors as the failure to prescribe a medication
to a patient that he or she would more than likely benefit from.]
(continues)
16
HMSIS PLANNING/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
147
MIT beso
CHAPTER OUTLINE
haradacion
Il Ther of Management
Il The ROC M
IV HELSESP
WSPOSA
.com
"S
and control of the
du poetype
ded.
Pred
med det
hey
and Oy
. Sem Mang
le Depen
12. Conclusion
Noen
Cher
Caper Appendice Glory of Tom
diege about them
My maintains a perspective of HIT
"the dathedar was
this effort Soinstad of just moving linde
How do you feel about saving lives as
will
to share and to collaboren HMS are desde
bei all begins with planning and reging, which we precisely the face of
chure
Scenario: Open Healeb Tool!
Open Healk Tools (OHT), collaborative health information technology CHIT) open-some
sine, continues to develop wys for healthcare services organizations to curtail doctonic medical
conds (EMR) development cows and reduce time to markets. Recently, the OHT
added code from the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) and incorporated in
academic Outreach project to motivate students to embrace is programming tools With
port from major healthcare services organisations in the United States, Canada, the United
Kingdom, and Australia: vendor guns, induding IBM and Oracle and health standards co-
ganitos HL and the mational Health Terminolog Standard Development
Organisation, OHT hopes that healthcare services organizations will is open toch
nology as the backbone for HMS infrastructure
Specifically Open Health Tools is developing a free software platform that allow ERR
data to be changed among various commercial productes. In con, OHT tools are de
and the permits various legacy databases to communicate with one another. This is
voles proces such as mesage and document interchanges, static model designers, simula
wapon, data transformers, and device.com. The underlying frame is wailable under
an open source license to organizations can design and build applications without any pur
ment required for the software
I. Introduction
Information technology is health care changes rapidly and he importantes
formation om egy planning Scho de poing to do
healthcare management bevated on meeting de peito de plan is de
ceria. Doing so will win a healthcare services organise
portion of managed bhane organizations that we er helt
would think that the task of gic planning would
be
Internal and external inputs and the requirements that we needed
pation strategic plan may differ the proces is cream
Healthcare senior management, when desdeping the pride dhe
and mission for the organization. These cutives per dat die individuals
prie the health management information om HMS) sex sly been in the video
but also develop achievable, metable goals that are comme
am bio supports the objectives and comes out sacris in apporto For cumple
plomacy department in spial may be responsible for dating the number of pote
the falliment en by 8 percebe in 15 month The HMS son may minat dhe plansay by
The HMS
W. THE TOCM
190 NMSIS PING/INTORMATION REQUIREMENTS
mon and Me
Vio
Apiens
Los
Directing
Controlling
FIGURE I The Organising Directing and Controlling (PDC)
Repeal 1949
De
howed
co
Centers of
» lagund become
the employees and
proche
The function continepler with eacher. Ne do these functie
su in any prinde yapacticed at all levels are near the
Highlead pagined at the per of healthcare services to
the begins with the cutie cum folating the vision and
The video mar booken down into globjectes de
bihar asemble understandable, and measurable. Some senior management team
po far as formularing values, goals, and objectives. The cutive team in these baldo
rices or pically indade, at minimum, the chief executive CEO chief
financial officer (CFOI. chid operating officer (C001, and chief medical officer (CMOLA
die information of CO is one appointed and is becoming more comme
al services to it is possible bowever, that at the executive led the role of
the may be good to the COO or the CFO
Storey held at least and it is during these meeting that the
we amehe diction for the organization for years forwandmally at
pears. The
met the rategic focus of the business. As shown in Table
end of healthcare services organisations vary, as well as the level of del
Senior cutives of healthcare services organisms ne consistently involved with building
maternal is they must
churchestrategies they formate are comitent vi
what is going on around them. This excely indudes the community or ement of the paper
landice that their organisations were, but also the laws and regalanocy policies for which their
puis matoms For instance, with a for polic healthcare services organisation, de
presented
die al may simply be profie chus, without any for achieving doctombe
w with current legislations and regulatory requirements with pano
mastering the present operations of the organisation may be the one of openen
Even though the executive seaml main focus in seguing is wat die wel
edy leading to a low
peche decisions for the Mother doch
may be near for them to go beyond the
MMSIS PLANNING/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
W. THE PODCM
148
he folder
year HMS may be
me
and their and schepen
Tended process
was the
one
the HIPAAC 2006
HITMA
er har de the HIMSST
prone dhe me and deal needed to it a helicae ricopri
le bas chupees the role of the management and how performance is normally ved
Alice in panications we ceed. Also visited here are several techniques the
can be wellbeindia information noods that become a very importante
podien ben deneleping en HMSISA The HMSIS mut the directly into the health companie
balthcare industry
Coming that gation behaviors kry
for meget as a proces that has both intermenoval and the
penities the pals for the healthcare service
and physicales of capital.com
care services organisation
de art of planning organising directing and com 100. These we pled
budangle and intangible resursachus people facilities
hogach that the objectives that are relatieprobleme
The process for combining and allocating these be part of the leap
al. Looking at this in content with healthcare services operation de comun
ging resources and capital in a health organization needs to be dones de
effective way to provide the best service
II. The Essence of Management
Mengerience as much as it is an an. However, on a continuum of art and
mer management to become management deal with people and their behan.
lor and guide employee activities. There is much discussion on how to maximize individual
performance in different domain
Com cal pressure on health organizations and on their HMS tem dice
that an MSISP is necessary is onder to avoid being active. For instance. US politicians
ping healthcare services organizations by demanding legislation that mandes de
tronic health records (EHR). EHR would allow the seconds of patients to be sandali
their information is surable croorganisation. The movement toward the sofEHR
developed much further in countries cher chan the United States, where only 5 to 15 per
cent of paties EHREHR we by Baeli plynicians is done to 100 percent this led
of a lead the won the Kingdom, caly s 1995. 80 percent of pays
physicians weed is facilities that were comprised with more than 6 percent of the
petition wig EHR. Also in 1985. Dunih general practitioner EHR per
in Sweden was 60 percent and percent in the Netherlands. There is very best
pport on EHR use adversely affecting plysician and patient satisfaction. Recent adie
we also found EHR e o be perceived by parties and playsicians as enhancing the word
quality of care.
III. The PODC Model
The planning organizing directing, and controlling (PODC models shows in Figure 1
basereden over the years. However, Hell as the primary
cool
was one of the fine to say that management is a science. He pred pole body
edge and managerial activities planning organising, directing and
PODC is presented as an operationalized and nationally designed wiele mit innerting
special goals. We can seille Pull categories in today's publics
Helgel. Jackson, and Seculo
Gaduslike
han PODC. Noechless, the prendere
and Branson Schermerhorn. Several of these public indude wou of diacominohet
As the FOX mode is viewed, it is important condand that she
organizations, there is not a hierarchical conting the
172 MMSIS PLANNING/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
T PODC MODEL
173
8.1 C
avec notre
heddermal,
There we go
de memand lower
woon
wing the mindre
.
when present
EL
pred
& Seri Paming Focus
AREA A
Almanagers and individual contributo
The clarity who the healthcare organizations
es are described that will meet the objectives. There your
To my she based on comprehensive reacties
'commission and massion will be returns
To becoded by allowed her to deveringent care and the
Amandatory electron prescription
bewed by this whes sobie
OHMIS ES project manage
Ta 12 geconto w in de dedos
AREA Mures are played on mering goals
Termined 2 months HMS USM
The Developmentation and plant
Gawe of four show the wind will be ache
need form. Each goal is specificandable
thes the success and the won and mission has been
Both short mondhand long-term goals 3 to 5 years) should be
Deals
.hoes and milition will improve in your
• Wheth, Sosof our politice care patients will have reported painless than
Medical emon of commission and omission will be reduced by 8 and 5 percent, respectively in
1 months
Physics will presection with the energy care program after years
men det es within 3 years
For each gelere series of objectives that need to be achieved in order to reach the goal.
Ironbech there to read.com
che spesering medication that has done side effects
The middle managers are given the responsibly of communicating
und Some health organizations may develop from the bom upoming
individual employees at the tactical Artistics can be developed and
me
from the top More like there could be a mis of the two method. The different depends
de carganization and the objective. Mandates that have legal implications may ends.com
States require both bond panicama u sport to heall departments themes of
ponowly diagnosed with Centers for Dice Co-efined AIDS. "Esecutives may
dieta de los compliance by directing the home rese dipurament es dondependent
plan delivering the plan and developing employee
14 NMSIS PLAIN/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
VI. CON
185
Ohhh
Oy
theks
c. And
And also has a
formation that
pes of the POA for other applications of healthcare
docial como
ve functioning
Lide here, they're all young adults or adults. So,
nice. This would remate dhe bias that could be from
de liability of the rules. Also, much informace
many imico today ane digally recorded beland landed
w
for management, and manipulation. How
recording and therefore the moderne de viewed prior to Of com
we needs to pree to the recording Reviewing coding her
en to the view dance is der
de
se berwen facts and pics
Prior to concluding the meeting them were there
we understood. If there are any question, it is best to do in the
The participant should also be given time to a questions belore concluding the one
Flintonding on the bed
Alter the interview, the interviewers should prepare interview by riding by
points. The comion of the notes becomes the viewport of the me
port, the team can the sand determine
patio that can be
was memory, therefore
there the heard about, but one
you brought a POA is. Have you had the same PDA chave you upgraded
that are the one
Smode or have you changed models
the model of where it's changed to the standard model, so
paded each one of one with a standarder
and model met necessarily the absolute newes, because those are will prem
pred Sadde of the road model that I can get for about 5200 5250,
Soren POA Now you take a lot about within your profession. Personal
about names and addresses. So, do you use it in that aspect
presyo
Tess book, basically and phone book. So, I found that to be very
hier, try to enter
me do you have the number for and indican con be driving somewhere and
So, my wife some
cas
and here You Inow each relative. My relatives, her relatives. I always
VI. Conclusion
The work of today's senior HMS managers in que comples. Not only they belie
members of the cutive that plans crises, desde unde week
care services organization, they are given the added topelity of curing that the health
Suragemene information soms we will sist in menting the overall dors
Bon and mission
Prentially taking advantage of HMS hagy can be used to comment competition in the
baldcare field wil he decrease in the coffee HMS mes called
16
HMSIS PLANNING/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
147
MIT beso
CHAPTER OUTLINE
haradacion
Il Ther of Management
Il The ROC M
IV HELSESP
WSPOSA
.com
"S
and control of the
du poetype
ded.
Pred
med det
hey
and Oy
. Sem Mang
le Depen
12. Conclusion
Noen
Cher
Caper Appendice Glory of Tom
diege about them
My maintains a perspective of HIT
"the dathedar was
this effort Soinstad of just moving linde
How do you feel about saving lives as
will
to share and to collaboren HMS are desde
bei all begins with planning and reging, which we precisely the face of
chure
Scenario: Open Healeb Tool!
Open Healk Tools (OHT), collaborative health information technology CHIT) open-some
sine, continues to develop wys for healthcare services organizations to curtail doctonic medical
conds (EMR) development cows and reduce time to markets. Recently, the OHT
added code from the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) and incorporated in
academic Outreach project to motivate students to embrace is programming tools With
port from major healthcare services organisations in the United States, Canada, the United
Kingdom, and Australia: vendor guns, induding IBM and Oracle and health standards co-
ganitos HL and the mational Health Terminolog Standard Development
Organisation, OHT hopes that healthcare services organizations will is open toch
nology as the backbone for HMS infrastructure
Specifically Open Health Tools is developing a free software platform that allow ERR
data to be changed among various commercial productes. In con, OHT tools are de
and the permits various legacy databases to communicate with one another. This is
voles proces such as mesage and document interchanges, static model designers, simula
wapon, data transformers, and device.com. The underlying frame is wailable under
an open source license to organizations can design and build applications without any pur
ment required for the software
I. Introduction
Information technology is health care changes rapidly and he importantes
formation om egy planning Scho de poing to do
healthcare management bevated on meeting de peito de plan is de
ceria. Doing so will win a healthcare services organise
portion of managed bhane organizations that we er helt
would think that the task of gic planning would
be
Internal and external inputs and the requirements that we needed
pation strategic plan may differ the proces is cream
Healthcare senior management, when desdeping the pride dhe
and mission for the organization. These cutives per dat die individuals
prie the health management information om HMS) sex sly been in the video
but also develop achievable, metable goals that are comme
am bio supports the objectives and comes out sacris in apporto For cumple
plomacy department in spial may be responsible for dating the number of pote
the falliment en by 8 percebe in 15 month The HMS son may minat dhe plansay by
The HMS
W. THE TOCM
190 NMSIS PING/INTORMATION REQUIREMENTS
mon and Me
Vio
Apiens
Los
Directing
Controlling
FIGURE I The Organising Directing and Controlling (PDC)
Repeal 1949
De
howed
co
Centers of
» lagund become
the employees and
proche
The function continepler with eacher. Ne do these functie
su in any prinde yapacticed at all levels are near the
Highlead pagined at the per of healthcare services to
the begins with the cutie cum folating the vision and
The video mar booken down into globjectes de
bihar asemble understandable, and measurable. Some senior management team
po far as formularing values, goals, and objectives. The cutive team in these baldo
rices or pically indade, at minimum, the chief executive CEO chief
financial officer (CFOI. chid operating officer (C001, and chief medical officer (CMOLA
die information of CO is one appointed and is becoming more comme
al services to it is possible bowever, that at the executive led the role of
the may be good to the COO or the CFO
Storey held at least and it is during these meeting that the
we amehe diction for the organization for years forwandmally at
pears. The
met the rategic focus of the business. As shown in Table
end of healthcare services organisations vary, as well as the level of del
presented
Senior cutives of healthcare services organisms ne consistently involved with building
maternal is they must
churchestrategies they formate are comitent vi
what is going on around them. This excely indudes the community or ement of the paper
landice that their organisations were, but also the laws and regalanocy policies for which their
puis matoms For instance, with a for polic healthcare services organisation, de
die al may simply be profie chus, without any for achieving doctombe
w with current legislations and regulatory requirements with pano
mastering the present operations of the organisation may be the one of openen
Even though the executive seaml main focus in seguing is wat die wel
peche decisions for the Mother doch
may be near for them to go beyond the
edy leading to a low
MSIS INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
WMS
177
POA EPP
be there of the
IV. HMSISP
MESINP boom. The
de plade deming the composed
sa pre
HMSSP how they can
demographie
calypdated
e geral framework that guides Herrning disaldwide
An organisability to support the proces bis fuccin
wahre wervice delivery is decermined by the main cheg.
hat is in place. He continues by wing that the process
ho determine the information that is dels seus
businesses
implementation will be fully create competitive advance
for the difficulty in predicting the
The name of change of me
change the conting of and the degree of competition have been said to moderne
memorationem planning Busines actives indicate thare
Resepi masiewem planning is challenging But even though desky
HESIS bedek. Behare profesional believe that doing so is neceway to
Wiederhed plan puides the health organisation, the HOMES
mint the organisation is falling in objectives. There may be specific inform
the objectives however, mother, the HMSISPs the realization of
objectives. Dubur and Schmide" datat percent of a healthcare
plodi HMSISP
A herican HIMSISP that directs the implementation of neprescribing
is how is 82. Such a PDA e prescribing focus would not cely be also
the relation but plenes could benefit from it as well become of its appeal relative to
che coming out that would rely on manual prescription orders. In
habe nice organizations that have implemented prescribing at varying levels can
dows on malicien en rising from ille ble prescription cries in acht wordt
ile the HMS objective of hospital pharmacy to decrease the error rate of prescription
well as
to the imeberween the ordering and delivery of the medication. A PDA
bo be used by providing doctor with a sunce of drug reference in aiding decisions on which
drug and desape should be prescribed for particular patients. As the cost of technology conti
es to decrease rapidly. the impact that HMS has on assisting in accomplishing the organisa
to strategies will also increase
Figure 8.3. a diagram modeled from Tan," is a partial peesentation of a cop-down hiera
dical stage planning model. The model shown clarifies the planning activities and the
der of the activities. Additionally clarity is obtained on alternative technique
framework offered by Bonn, Davis, and Wetherbe. Tan suggests that this model can be
methodologies, and the applicable wrategies. This model is consistent with, and extend the
Orga
Saga
HIS
Sage Pain
. .com
Sri Aliment
Strategic Grid
Stand
Il
Messing Model
GURER 3 Parcial Framework for HMS Sergic Planning A Top Des super
172 MMSIS PLANNING/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
T PODC MODEL
173
8.1 C
avec notre
heddermal,
There we go
de memand lower
woon
wing the mindre
.
when present
EL
pred
& Seri Paming Focus
AREA A
Almanagers and individual contributo
The clarity who the healthcare organizations
es are described that will meet the objectives. There your
To my she based on comprehensive reacties
'commission and massion will be returns
To becoded by allowed her to deveringent care and the
Amandatory electron prescription
bewed by this whes sobie
OHMIS ES project manage
Ta 12 geconto w in de dedos
AREA Mures are played on mering goals
Termined 2 months HMS USM
The Developmentation and plant
Gawe of four show the wind will be ache
need form. Each goal is specificandable
thes the success and the won and mission has been
Both short mondhand long-term goals 3 to 5 years) should be
Deals
.hoes and milition will improve in your
• Wheth, Sosof our politice care patients will have reported painless than
Medical emon of commission and omission will be reduced by 8 and 5 percent, respectively in
1 months
Physics will presection with the energy care program after years
men det es within 3 years
For each gelere series of objectives that need to be achieved in order to reach the goal.
Ironbech there to read.com
che spesering medication that has done side effects
The middle managers are given the responsibly of communicating
und Some health organizations may develop from the bom upoming
individual employees at the tactical Artistics can be developed and
me
from the top More like there could be a mis of the two method. The different depends
de carganization and the objective. Mandates that have legal implications may ends.com
States require both bond panicama u sport to heall departments themes of
ponowly diagnosed with Centers for Dice Co-efined AIDS. "Esecutives may
dieta de los compliance by directing the home rese dipurament es dondependent
plan delivering the plan and developing employee
IN SISPANI/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
TH PODG MO 175
pad
be compatial rected to be
the mis meg the objectives
who is
- permis
pomage blare services
dolaplar
combo managed and free
ed on how
de dicha
The process of opping foedback mong different levels of the organi
foodback is changed non los de decom
Ti 82. the higher levde se environmental in het
codicals
and Core
dhe specific jobe within the organisation. For instance, there may be
pro aning function and womer service department (
con
a which may be led by die American groups employees by
can be the best of both perces for
who work in the emergency sporto both the emergency
Over the roles that mange recomendy playing and the roles that are necessary to be
membelow way for his woppen is that many
view
ople companies. These are the matched with the required
ed to complish the mision, and apply is conducted. Determining the fire and place
in be comples.
Me doing so is not a healthcare
Therde.com clined to the healthcare organization.
ideed her the managers will not facilitate meeting the other
change in de beuro ar minimum, the cutive management must
we had the current de or we able to acquire the required. What could com
which would be conductive to achieving the organization als would be to
the two chat is not ready to carry out the activities that are de
fa dhe Senior care managed to be forthright and dem
the current co-bod bald mapement and employees is capable and able to do what it
wakes chied set management has to decide if there is
do deploy the content. In addition to sewing the organizational and
emples mas pide the eyes to accomplish the vision,
places and tactic. The words and relationships must also be in place or it
Wed Norges the way, or the ship could judice
und
God Secund
LA
Oracional
Resources
FIGURE 8.2 Levels of Feedback Loops for Oriental Thinking
MMSIS PLANNING/INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
W. THE PODCM
148
he folder
year HMS may be
me
and their and schepen
Tended process
was the
one
the HIPAAC 2006
HITMA
er har de the HIMSST
prone dhe me and deal needed to it a helicae ricopri
le bas chupees the role of the management and how performance is normally ved
Alice in panications we ceed. Also visited here are several techniques the
can be wellbeindia information noods that become a very importante
podien ben deneleping en HMSISA The HMSIS mut the directly into the health companie
balthcare industry
Coming that gation behaviors kry
for meget as a proces that has both intermenoval and the
penities the pals for the healthcare service
and physicales of capital.com
care services organisation
de art of planning organising directing and com 100. These we pled
budangle and intangible resursachus people facilities
hogach that the objectives that are relatieprobleme
The process for combining and allocating these be part of the leap
al. Looking at this in content with healthcare services operation de comun
ging resources and capital in a health organization needs to be dones de
effective way to provide the best service
III. The PODC Model
II. The Essence of Management
Mengerience as much as it is an an. However, on a continuum of art and
mer management to become management deal with people and their behan.
lor and guide employee activities. There is much discussion on how to maximize individual
performance in different domain
Com cal pressure on health organizations and on their HMS tem dice
that an MSISP is necessary is onder to avoid being active. For instance. US politicians
ping healthcare services organizations by demanding legislation that mandes de
tronic health records (EHR). EHR would allow the seconds of patients to be sandali
their information is surable croorganisation. The movement toward the sofEHR
developed much further in countries cher chan the United States, where only 5 to 15 per
cent of paties EHREHR we by Baeli plynicians is done to 100 percent this led
of a lead the won the Kingdom, caly s 1995. 80 percent of pays
physicians weed is facilities that were comprised with more than 6 percent of the
petition wig EHR. Also in 1985. Dunih general practitioner EHR per
in Sweden was 60 percent and percent in the Netherlands. There is very best
pport on EHR use adversely affecting plysician and patient satisfaction. Recent adie
we also found EHR e o be perceived by parties and playsicians as enhancing the word
quality of care.
The planning organizing directing, and controlling (PODC models shows in Figure 1
basereden over the years. However, Hell as the primary
cool
was one of the fine to say that management is a science. He pred pole body
edge and managerial activities planning organising, directing and
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