Description
1. According to Plato, what is it that constitutes the identity of a given physical object? Apply this to the example of a green plastic water bottle. What is it, according to Plato (what constitutes its identity?) Explain how Plato's theory attempts to solve the paradox of identity through change and explains BOTH the identity of given physical object over time, AND the change over time, in terms of his theory of Forms. Apply Plato’s theory to the following specific example of change: an empty water glass falls off a table and shatters. Be sure to explain this as Plato would have us do--he thinks there IS identity through this change. Explain it and the change in terms of Plato's theory of Forms.(300 words)
2.Explain the Allegory of the Cave from Plato's Republic. What is the prisoner's escape from the cave an allegory (symbol) of? What does the process of escaping the cave represent? Why does the darkness of the cave's interior represent, and what does the light outside the cave represent? How does the prisoner's journey out of the cave relate to Plaoto's metaphysical theory of Forms? What role do the Forms have in the prisoner's process of learning about reality? Why is the process of escaping the cave represented as a struggle?(300 words)
3.Explain what Aristotle means, in general, by the idea of Primary Substances. In general, what does he mean by Secondary Substances? Explain what Aristotle means by saying Secondary Substances are defining predicates. What does he insist defining predicates tell you about a Primary Substance, that other predicates do not tell you? In general, what does he mean by non-defining predicates? Which of these three is most independent (i.e. most real) according to Aristotle? Using the following examples, state what the Primary Substance is, what the Secondary Substance is, and what the Non-defining predicate is: Example 1: A red car. Example 2: A six-foot tall human. Note: Do not discuss the Paradox of Identity Through Change or the two interpretations of Aristotle's philosophy with respect to it. (300 words)
4.Explain Interpretation B of Aristotle's solution to the Paradox of Identity Through Change. According to Interpretation B, what explains the maintenance of Identity (Primary Substance? Secondary Substance? Non-Defining Predicates? Some combination of those?)? According to Interpretation B, what explains change (Primary Substance? Secondary Substance? Non-Defining Predicates? Some combination of those?) Support your answer with quotation from the text, and explain how the quote supports your answer. Apply Interpretation B to the following example: A blue car becomes red. Be sure to explain what the Primary Substance is, what the Secondary Substance is, and what Non-Defining Predicates are involved. Explain how this is meant to show that identity is maintained even though change occurs. (300 words)
Explanation & Answer
wait ill send the first 2-items i havent proofread them yet
1. Plato pioneered the idea that there exists another realm of perfection, eternal and
immutable and he called it the form. Just like ideas the forms are non-physical and nonextended and the things we experience in the physical world are nothing but the
shadows of the forms and he called it particulars. In relation to object, forms are the
ideal version of a particular object, for example, a green plastic water bottle could be
represented by a form, an ideal version of a what a plastic bottle should be, something
of a mental model we have in mind. For each forms resembles a blueprint that which a
set of instructions for making a very good version of something. Morever, the forms can
also be changed in an instance of a particular phenomenon. An empty water glass falls
off a table and shatters, these change warrants a change of form, a change of ideals
from an ideal version of water glass now we have a shattered glass but all knowingly we
have a new form, those that describes chaos and destruction. The theory of forms is
pushing us to be more exacting about where we are trying to head to, but it also let us
change perspective to see things not but what it seem to be but what it has become. .
According to Plato, for any comprehendible thing or property there exist a corresponding
Form, a perfect example of that thing or property. The list is almost iinfinite. Tree, House,
Mountain, Man, Woman, Ship, Cloud, Horse, Dog, Table and Chair, would all be an
exemplification of putatively independently-existing abstract perfect Ideas. Morever, Plato
demonstrates that that true and reliable knowledge rests only with those who can
comprehend the true reality behind the world of everyday experience. In order to perceive
the world of the Forms, individuals must undergo a trial of education.
2. Ideally, we are trapped in the world of appearances of shadows because we are limited
by our capacity and by our perspective. The entity that we are facing our nothing but an
imperfect copies of “ forms” of the ideal perfect version of what we should be heading
towards. But the moment we have seen the light, we must not hold back and look back,
the light might be painful as we have used to be seeing monochromatic perspective but
as we go outside the cave we are going to reach enlightenment. Consequently, the
world of forms/ideas is unlocked the moment we question, the time we have become
aware and all-knowing. The allegory of the Cave is a microcosm of the world without
Philosophy, and this philosophy is the one that has rented us the power of logic the
power to decipher the forms. The light outside the cave helps us to picture out what the
entity we have been staring the whole time, by knowing how something should be like ,
then we can clearly define what might be wrong and focus on what we need to do to
make the world slightly better. The allegory of the cave discussed how humas perceived
reality and the search for the higher truth to contemplate on the nature of belief
versus knowledge. As prisoners chained downed t our enigmatic beliefs, our road to
freedom lies on our capacity to see the light in which we could discover a whole new
world outside the we have been limiting ourselves of. Unknowin...