Description
Hello, please i need help with this lab. you need to fill out the last table and find out the angels, also you need to follow the assignments steps well.
I provided all materials needed
thank you
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Explanation & Answer
Attached.
1
Traverse Surveying and Adjustments
Transverse Surveying and Computation
Transverse surveying is the procedure of measuring angles and measurements from a chosen
control point and the end of the survey ends at the starting point. Due to errors in measurement of
angles and distances from one transverse station to another there will be an error in that the last
transverse station will not coincide with first starting control station. This is known as the
misclosure. The angular and linear misclosure are eliminated by adjusting the angles and distances
of the transverse.
Objectives.
In a transverse survey the objectives are as follows;
a. Take angular measurements using a total station and linear measurements using a tape
measure from one transverse station to the other.
b. Establish the angular and linear misclosures of the transverse survey.
c. Perform computations in order to adjust the misclosure errors. Angular misclosures are
adjusted by balanced distribution of the error to each angle while linear misclosures are
adjusted using the compass(Bowditch) rule.
Data Collected.
Naming the transverse stations as A, B, C, D, E, F assuming the plane takes a seven sided polygon.
For the purpose of reducing angular misclosure we measure the direct and reverse angle. When
there is no angular error, the direct angle should be equal to the reverse angle minus 180 0 .With
these two angles we find an average as shown below,
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 =
[𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 + (𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 − 180)]
2
An average of the direct and reverse distances is taken to reduce linear misclosures as follows,
𝐴𝑣𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 =
Transvers
e
Lines
SC-SH
Direct
Angle(D)
Reverse
Angle(R)
SC-A
3150 50’36
”
320 40’28”
A-SC
00 00’00”
A-B
1460 32’01
”
1350 49’30
”
2120 44’31
”
1790 59’44
”
3260 29’03
”
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 + 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
2
Average
[𝐷 + (𝑅 − 180)]
2
3150 50’03”
Direct
Horizonta
l Distance
299.038
Reverse
Horizonta
l Distance
298.929
Average
Horizonta
l Distance
298.9835
320 42’30”
612.883
612.606
612.7445
00 00’08”
611.517
611.524
611.5205
1460 30’32”
279.056
273.737
276.3965
2
Traverse Surveying and Adjustments
C-D
3590 59’00
”
1380 38’34
”
3590 58’06
”
860 33’05”
D-C
890 30’05”
D-E
890 30’05”
E-D
900 04’28”
E-F
1310 02’21
”
00 00’00”
B-A
B-C
C-B
F-E
F-SC
SC-F
1800 01’54
”
1310 13’33
”
1800 00’42
”
2700 38’55
”
2700 04’28
”
2700 31’07
”
1790 58’57
”
3100 02’21
”
2720 11’06
�...