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Running Head: Principles of Organization and Management
Principles of Organization and Management
Student’s Name:
Professor’s Name:
Date:
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Principles of Organization and Management
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This paper focuses on Oman Cement Company, which produces different types of
cement. The process of production is handled by highly competent and experienced
personnel. The manufacturing section is also computerized and thus requires less man power. Currently, the company has a production capacity of 2.4 million MTs cement. The
company uses indigenous raw materials that include Lime stone deposits, Gypsum,
quartzophylites and ferrogenous.
Organizational behavior comes from two different terms; Organization and
behavior. An organization refers to a a group of persons who come together to work with
the same goal. It includes working collectively in coordination and delegation of duties to
be able to achieve the common goal. Delegation is helpful in that it places everyone at
their level depending on their expertise. Behavior on the other side refers to how a
person or a group reacts or responds to the surrounding. People react differently since
they have different thinking capacity and emotional levels also differ. Organizational
Behavior therefore refers to an individual behavior in response to other people’s behavior
(Jackson, and Carter, P., 2007). It focuses on observing the attitude of individuals in
respect to different occurrences.
There are different aspects of organizational behavior. They include people,
organizational structure, technology and environment. People refer to the persons who
contribute to the success of the organization. They include suppliers, employees,
customers, auditors and the government. Structure refers to the hierarchical organization
of the company, starting with the top management to the casual workers. A good
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structure implies proper coordination and proper division of labor. Technology refers to
digitalizing the company through computer operations. This helps in creating efficiency
in the work place. More technology implies less manpower. Environment determines the
market of the company since it dictates the demand and supply factors. Organizations are
surrounded by different environments such as competitors, government agencies, politics
and trade unions.
Organizational behavior is important in so many ways. For instance, it leads to
high efficiency due to proper application of technology. It motivates employees if its
structures are well laid. A good organizational behavior leads to proper utilization of
resources. It also leads to coordination in the organization with the aim of achieving the
common goal. However, organizational behavior has its limitations that include;
indiscipline and irresponsibility that is brought about by behavioral bias. There might
also be unethical behaviors coming up such as misuse of power by top management as
well as corruption issues.
Oman Cement Company has a good organizational behavior. Its manufacturing
sector is computerized and thus requires less manpower. This also implies that the
company operations are more efficient and avoids major hazards. The company has good
structures. For instance its Quality Management System is ISO certified. It has also
controlled its pollution such that its manufacturing operations are friendly to the
environment (Åström, and Wittenmark, 2013). Talking about technology, the company
has a central laboratory that contains robotics, X-rays spectrometers, laser particle and
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other computerized testing equipment. Due to its well organizational behavior, Oman
Cement Company has had different awards. It has also been recognized for high quality
production of cement that meets Omani, European and American standards.
Theories of organization refer to basically how the organization is structured.
There are four main theories which include; classical theory, neo-classical or human
relations theory, contingency or decision theories and the systems theory which is the
modernist theory (Goldman, and Callaghan, 2015). Classical theory was the very first
theory which came up in the 20th century. It came up as a merger of administrative
theory, scientific theory and the management theory. The scientific theory basically
included selecting a task, training and developing workers for each task, then look after
the employees. The management theory focused mainly on the planning while the
administrative theory focused on expanding the planning principles. The classical theory
however had its limitations as researchers said that it was very rigid and full of authority
and thus did not give freedom at the working environment.
Neo classical theory bases its argument on the classical theory but extends the
assumptions to include other assumptions. This theory focuses on how people are
different and how to create different motivators that are effective. It also focuses on how
to resolve conflicts so as to create new ideas. Furthermore, it focuses on better ways to
interact and keep a good decision making plans.
Contingency theory also called the decision theory focuses on conflict management. The
theory focuses on how organizations can rationally adapt to changes in the environment.
It also focuses on the effectiveness of the management and its ability to adapt to
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environment. Managers should be able to make decisions at their levels and give a report
on the happenings of the organization. Organizations should make decisions based on
their envi...