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Your research proposal is the culmination of your course project, comprising all of the work you have completed in the previous units. For this assignment, consolidate your work from all previous units into a 10–12 page paper containing the following sections, and include all applicable revisions and feedback received from your peers and the instructor on individual assignments and discussions.

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In the body of your paper, include the following components:

  • Abstract. Write an abstract of your research proposal. The abstract is a brief summary of each part of your proposal, not simply an introduction.
  • Research Topic. An appropriate research topic derived from the literature.
  • Research Problem Statement: Include your Unit 3 assignment, revised as needed to meet the requirements of this section. Provide background information on the problem you are planning to investigate, including a succinct problem statement and a purpose statement that links the literature with the current research, research questions, and hypotheses.
  • Literature Review: Include your assignment from Unit 4, making sure to incorporate all applicable revisions and feedback received from your peers and the instructor.
  • Research Study Design: Incorporate your revised Unit 7 assignment to meet this section of the final project. Identify the type of research study you are conducting (phenomenology, case study, correlational analysis, et cetera).
  • Describe the following elements of your research study design:
    • Data Collection Plan:
      • Participant selection.
      • Data to be collected.
      • Data collection instruments.
    • Expected Findings: Identify how your research would contribute to existing scholarship and professional applications.
    • Ethical and Legal Issues: Be sure that your paper includes an assessment of how you will deal with potential ethical and legal issues that might arise in your study. Submit your research proposal as an attachment in the assignment area.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

  • Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
  • APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to APA current edition style and formatting.
  • Number of resources: Minimum of 10 resources.
  • Length of paper: 10–12 typed double-spaced pages, not including title page or references. Please use the Research Proposal Template to help you organize this assignment.
  • Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

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Running head: RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY Research Topic: Research on the Effects of Domestic Violence on the Education of Children Research Design: Case Study Capella University Student’s Name Dashawn Holmes Instructor’s Name Stephen Rice 1 RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY 2 Case Study Research Design In the case study research design, the researcher investigates a given phenomenon in the context of a real life. The boundaries within which the scope of this case study may be conducted remain undefined, thus leaving the researcher to source the information from different sources (Marshall & Rossman, 2014). Through the application of the case study in research, a variety of information on the research question is obtained, which allows the researcher to explore the subject exhaustively. The type of case study that will be applied in the research is the collective case study. This has been chosen over the instrumental case study and the intrinsic case study, due to its ability to allow comparing and analyzing information by different authors. This ability makes it immune to the biases that may be evident in the case of a single case analysis. In conducting the research, the researcher will gather reports that have been recorded by other researchers these will work towards giving the research a sense of direction. Most of these research documentations will be sourced from the university library, as well as the online research sites. Through this, the researcher will be able to cover a vast scope of the area under study (Coiro et.al, 2014). The case study will also involve carrying out specific field studies in several groups of people including women, and children in schools. This will work towards providing the most current and first-hand data about the case in question. It will also act as a complement to the information obtained from the library and online research documentation analysis. After gathering all the data from the various sources, the researcher will analyze the information by looking at the correlations and variable sets of information provided in the research. The RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY 3 diversity of the sources will ensure that the researcher comes up with an exhaustive analysis of the information in question. The analysis of the data will be done by using tables, graphs, and pie charts. After the analysis, the researcher will do a report on the findings that have been obtained from the study. The results will involve either a confirmation or refute the hypothesis, which the researcher should come up with before starting the research. Justification of the Design over the Others The case study research design has been considered the most appropriate in conducting this research for a variety of reasons. Although the other designs could have served the purpose, the case study research designs seem to fit in this case because of its ability to offer an in-depth study of the case in question (Marshall & Rossman, 2014). This is grounded on its ability to gather information from various sources for analysis, making it immune from any forms of bias. Also, the case study is based specifically on a given group of individuals. This specificity allows the researcher to get more specific information on the case in question. In addition to that, unlike the other research methodologies, the researcher is in a better position to employ most of the research techniques either directly or indirectly in the case study design (Yin, 2012). The various research techniques that become evident in the case study design include the ability to critically analyze reports, the capacity to recognize the contribution of other researchers and scholars in the topic under study, as well as the ability conduct a field study, aimed at backing up the evidence obtained from the recorded research sources. Moreover, the case study research enables the researcher to establish a long term relationship with the participants of the study. This is majorly because; the researcher targets only a specific RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY 4 group of people and connects with them through the research question (Coiro et.al, 2014). Due to the closeness to the participants, a long-term relationship can be created, which can prove to be of great importance to the researcher in the case of future research. The relationship so created enables the participants to eliminate any biases that they may have in responding to the questions. Lastly, the researcher is also able to cover a research question affecting a wide geographical area faster by using case study (Bassey, 2003). This is mainly because; through analyzing the reports on studies that have been conducted in different parts of the world, the researcher can be able to draw a conclusion based on the various findings. This makes the case study design economical on time and resources that could have been used in conducting the research, in the case of other methods, on a wide geographical area. Proposed Data Collection Strategy In collecting data on the question, the researcher will gather various reports on research done about the topic from the library, and online research websites. Before using the information from the reports, the researcher will seek permission to use it from the publisher of the reports. This will give them the opportunity to legally have access to the information. The researcher will also need to seek permission from the librarian and the online research site manager to avoid any technical inconveniences that may come up due to lack of cooperation with the authorities (Yin, 2012). In addition to that, the researcher will also collect data through field study. By carrying out a field study on a specific population about the issue in question, the researcher will be in a better position to acquire first-hand data, which can be compared to the data obtained through the RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY 5 analysis of the other researcher’s works (Coiro et.al, 2014). However, to be allowed to conduct the field study, the researcher should seek permission from the management of the schools that the research is targeted to be conducted. This will ensure that the research does not interfere with the school curriculum. The ethical issues that need to be considered in this research include the assured protection of the confidentiality of the people participates in the research. The researcher should ensure that the participants remain anonymous (Yin, 2012). By doing this, the researcher is more assured to get high-quality feedback, since people are inclined to giving honest information when no one knows them. Also, the fact that this is research involving children makes it very crucial for the researcher to prepare research questions that do not make the children have a low opinion of themselves. RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY 6 References Bassey, M. (2003). Case study research. Educational research in practice, 111-123. Coiro, J., Knobel, M., Lankshear, C., & Leu, D. J. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of research on new literacies. Routledge. Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2014). Designing qualitative research. Sage publications. Yin, R. K. (2012). Case study methods. Running Head: CRIMINAL PROFILING 1 CRIMINAL PROFILING Dashawn Holmes Intro to research Methodology Stephen Rice Capella University-PSL5007 Date 11/6/2016 Literature review CRIMINALPROFILING 2 In the early 1990s, crime in general was higher as compared to today. Recently crimes has reduced by a great number due to emergence of investigation departments which uses criminal profiling as an instrument to curb these crimes. Nevertheless, it has been found that some crimes has been very difficult to solve especially those that are often repetitive and serial in nature such as rape, murder and arson. This type of crimes are frequently appalling and creates a state of uneasiness within the community. In order to come up with an improved clearance of the existing methods, criminologists have come up with the specific techniques and theoretical system to facilitate the identification and apprehension of these type of serial offenders. One of the most important technique include the use of criminal profiling as a tool to identify most of these offenders. Criminal profiling is a process whereby analysis of the evidence collected at a crime scene is observed and reflected by a criminal investigator. The process aims at identifying and interpreting the behaviors of a criminal or even his or her actions in order to predict the personality of that offender. The reason for carrying out criminal profiling is not only identification of important offenders but also prevent emergency of similar future cases. Criminal profiling is one of the important topic that helps learners acquire extra knowledge that helps them deal with life challenges and be able to make wise decisions. Currently the popularity of the criminal profiling has improved due to attention created by the media and massive production of the TV stations dealing with the crime shows. According to Snook et al. (2008), he CRIMINALPROFILING 3 said that people believed that criminal characteristics from the crime scenes can be predicted through criminal profiles. Therefore, the aim of this work is to critically assess the existing literatures of profiling while considering the related empirical researches. Currently, Turvey (2002) stated that there are two key points of profiling which are determined by their goals as well as their main concern. One is the investigative stage that involves the use of features that have been linked with the offender with the known crime. He goes on and stated that in the investigative phase there are five main goals. This goals includes reducing the viable suspect pool thus assisting in prioritizing those remaining to be suspects thus helping in assisting by linking the potentially related crimes through the identification of the crime scene indicators as well as the behavior patterns. The other goal include assisting in the assessment of the potential and intensifying irritant criminal behavior and then to a very serious or even more violent crimes such as harassment and even stalking. Another goal include provision of related leads as well as strategies for investigation and lastly help in keeping the entire investigation on the right pathway. Furthermore, Hicks & Sales (2006) stated that there are about two stages that are involved in creating the profile of an unidentified criminal which includes collection of any evidence from the scene of the crime by the investigative officers and construction behavioral. He also talked of the behavioral and demographic of the criminal profile as another stage that is used to construct a CRIMINALPROFILING 4 criminal profile based on the evidence available. Unfortunately, Turvey (2002) argued that some of the demographic characteristics such as race, intelligence, age and sex cannot be part of the profile as they are typically assessed during the process of investigation and hence they are not grounded on the physical evidence of the victim. Instead of using the vital information of the offender, the emphasis should be mainly based on the knowledge of the victim about the crime scene and the available methods of the evidence. A number of researches have been conducted to find about the reliability, accuracy and validity of the profile of a criminal as a tool that helps in assisting the law enforcers to prioritize search areas of crime. Ratcliffe (2004) says that the most important question in relation to profiling is whether this method really works and the information that is gathered regarding the criminal profile is really accurate. Ratcliffe found that particularly some of the information that is collected through this too somehow provides some of critical information that could be used for further investigations. He goes on and argues that the tool does not guarantee full evidence that indeed the suspect could have committed the crime. Another study that was conducted by snook et al (2008) to investigate whether profiling practices that involved typology could categorize crime scene and the background of the offender as organized disorganized dichotomy. Canter, Alison and wentink (2004) conducted about 40 crimes scenes behaviors to investigate whether the statement was true. They found that CRIMINALPROFILING 5 the analysis of this crimes did not bring out the issue of organized and disorganized behaviors. Therefore they concluded that the typology cannot be easily used in serial homicides cases. There was another study that was conducted by Makros and Alison (2002) to investigate whether it’s true that lawbreakers who displays similar crime scene behaviors have similar socio demographic and personal characteristics. They investigated the behavior with a sample of a hundred British foreigner rapist whose behavior on crime scene was categorized in relation to occurrence of various variables such as use weapon, use of cover up. The results revealed a different aspects of behavior that rapists who displayed the offending behavior that were similar had no similarity at all in their socio demographic variables such as occupation, ethnicity as well as living situation in their history in crime or their age at the time of crime. Although the study could have experienced limitations such as immense sample and variable of the distinct crime scene, the result showed that the inference of the findings for the criminal profiling are really extreme especially when the previous information has been used to create the current information of the criminal. Furthermore, snook et al (2008) stated that criminal investigations has continued to rise due to use of criminal profiling despite limited empirical evidence which is effective in this procedure. To support his argument, snook et al conducted a 2 part meta-analysis and a narrative CRIMINALPROFILING 6 review of the published criminal profiling literature. On both reviews he found that the criminal profiling literature rests heavily on commonsense justifications. Some of the key findings on the proposed solution to the issue of criminal profiling were that most authors believed that profiling the offender has a number of shortcomings such as it may lead to discrediting of the criminal profiling as tool for investigation. The validity of the results of many of the researches that were conducted on criminal profiling while utilizing profilers remains to be a questionable aspect of ethical consideration. The reason for the profilers to remain a questionable is because of the capability to see the patterns, relationships and differences are fundamentally spoiled due to use of a small samples. Criminal profiling as a tool has been also does not provide a clear and outstanding results an s lack of active profiler’s participation in this type of studies brings about negative impacts on the final results. In conclusion, although there have been numerous studies on the field of criminal profiling, most of the studies have been reduced by the methodological and conceptual underperformance. Some of the literature have also been able to show that investigation done by the authorities on criminal profiling has been based on numerous feature, categorization and approaches. This has in turn have made them hard to find and study especially those that were conducted within the laboratory setting. Therefore, in order to achieve clear results it’s important to soothe profilers’ CRIMINALPROFILING secrecy and obtain their full cooperation in order to achieve a reliable, accurate and credible criminal profile. 7 CRIMINALPROFILING 8 References Canter, D. V. (2010). Offender profiling (pp. 236-241). Cambridge University Press. FINTZY, R. T. (2000). Criminal profiling: an introduction to behavioral evidence analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(9), 1532-1534. Hicks, S. J., & Sales, B. D. (2006). Crime Scene Evidence. American Psychological Association. Macros, A., & Alison, L. J. (2002). Is offender profiling possible? Testing the predicted homology of crime scene actions and background characteristics in a sample of rapists. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 7(1), 25-43. Ratcliffe, J. H. (2004). Crime mapping and the training needs of law enforcement. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 10(1), 65-83. Snook, B., Cullen, R. M., Bennell, C., Taylor, P. J., & Gendreau, P. (2008). The criminal profiling illusion what's behind the smoke and mirrors?. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35(10), 1257-1276. Turvey, B. E. (2011). Criminal profiling: An introduction to behavioral evidence analysis. Academic press. 1 Dashawn Holmes Professors Name Intro to Research Methodology October 30th 2016 2 CRIME PROFILING Problem statement Criminal profiling have led to misleading information. In the profiling the results have proven to be false positive and even false negative. Research questions 1. What are the reasons which lead to the results being false negative? 2. What are the reasons which lead to false positive results? 3. How can this positive and negative false results be mitigated? In the study it presents the reasons why criminal profiling have failed in the recent past. With this topic it presents a unique way in which the future profiling will be much success and also will be on point as the suspects will be identified and the trends also identified with high precision (Association, 2016). The other studies have mostly concentered on the ways which can be 3 employed in profiling criminals but the ways are still prone to this errors of either being negatively and positively false. In this research it will be try to solve this often problem and bring more credibility to the present and available ways of profiling. In the research am undertaking it is very important in the sense that it practical procedures will ensure in profiling will give the best result (Brown, 2005). The employment of the research it will be employed in the taking care in the profiling process to ensure the most common mistakes in the profiling are done away with since they always bring in the errors which result in the false outcomes. The research will also be applicable in the redoing the proofing in two more times. Here the results will be compared and the cases which will be giving very close mean will be chosen. In this application the most likely a most precise case will be chosen and this will be made and this will make the process to have a more specific and accurate (Gladwell & WallaceWells, 2015). The information I gather in this research I will be able to use it to know how to come up with criminal profiles which have less flaws and are more accurate. In my job skills I will manage to have a successful career as the profiles I will supervise and generate will largely help in reducing the level of crimes in the current society (Paine, 1994). Also with the undertaking of the research I will manage to have breached the gap which have being present in the crime profiling for many years. With the breach of this gap the society will be safer for our loved ones and everyone to leave in. The research will rejuvenate the credibility of profiling and more over give security officers much reliance to crime profiling. Crime profiling have recorded a history where it have greatly mislead the security officials and they end up failing in their job of protecting the country citizens (Times, 2010). With my research coming up with a way of mitigating this past errors it 4 will greatly attract the interest of the chief security officers in the field. They will find it interesting as it will offer them will an alternative and a way of conducting profiling’s which are more accurate as compared to past crime profiling’s which were false and misleading. They will also find it very interesting since they will be able to reinstate their trust in the general public and also the key stakeholders in the security field (Downey, 2013). References Gladwell, M., & Wallace-Wells, B. (2015, July 24). Malcolm Gladwell. . Retrieved from http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/11/12/dangerous-minds Association, A. P. (2016). Psychological sleuths--criminal profiling: The reality behind the myth. Retrieved October 29, 2016, from http://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug04/criminal.aspx Brown, J. (2005, March ). Retrieved October 29, 2016, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227997825_Psychological_and_Legal_Implications_of _Occupational_Stress_for_Criminal_Justice_Practitioners 5 Times, L. A. (2010, November 22). Criminal profiling vs. Racial profiling. Retrieved October 29, 2016, from http://articles.latimes.com/2010/nov/22/opinion/la-oe-dutta-racial-profiling20101122 Downey, S. A. (2013). Online, you are guilty even after being proven innocent. Retrieved October 29, 2016, from https://www.abine.com/blog/2011/online-guilty-before-proven-innocent/ Paine, L. S. (1994, March 1). Managing for organizational integrity. Retrieved October 29, 2016, from Regulation, https://hbr.org/1994/03/managing-for-organizational-integrity
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Running head: CRIMINAL PROFILING

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Name:
Institution:
Course title and Name:
Instructor’s name:
Date:

CRIMINAL PROFILING

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Abstract.

Criminal profiling is one of the major parts of the penal psychology study. It is also known as
offender profile analysis and involves the determination of the location of the criminal offenders
by critical analysis of the personal behaviors of the suspects in the crime scene (Goodwill, 2013).
This helps in the identification of the guilty criminals that have committed a crime. In this
research paper, the topic that I shall look at is the criminal profiling process. I will analyze some
key concepts of criminal profiling, how it is done, the challenges faced and how they can be
solved. Also, the problem statement in this research paper will be the identification of some of
the challenges encountered in the criminal profiling process and how to overcome them. The
research design of this project involved the identification of various participants that gave us
feedback on the research topic. The data to be collected included their views on the people on
criminal profiling. The last part of the research paper will analyze some of the ethical and legal
issues when it comes to criminal profiling topic.
Research topic
The research question in this research paper is based on criminal profiling. Criminal profiling is
one of the major areas of concern in the study of crime as it gives the criminal investigation
departments an easy time for the identification of the offenders. The topic, criminal profiling,
therefore, deals with the analysis of the person’s behavioral and psychological characteristics so
as to come up with a solution and determine whether the criminal has done a crime that is under
investigation in the court of law.
It is important to focus on the research topic because it will help in the identification of some of
the proper ways of ensuring that the accuracy of information in the record keeping is

CRIMINAL PROFILING

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accomplished. Through this topic, we shall, therefore, determine some of the strategies that are
used to conduct the process of criminal profiling both by the United States investigation teams
and the criminal cartels. The research topic is, therefore, a crucial area because it will help me to
identify the set standards for the identification and solutions to the criminal cases in the country.
Due to the increased criminal cases in the country, it is also important to focus on the research
topic because through it; I will be able to solve the problem statement that is faced by many
criminal departments. This issue surrounds the process of process profiling which has led to
misinformation among the investigative police when it comes to solving the criminal cases. It is,
therefore, important to find some of the solutions that can be put in place to address these
challenges in the country and the world as a whole.
This research topic on criminal profiling is also critical because it will help in the identification
of some of the key areas of the research project problem that needs to be solved and come up
with solutions to the problems. Through the application of effective policies and strategies on
ways of overcoming some of the problems realized by the criminal profiling institutes.
Research problem statement.
The problem statement in the study is whether the process of research profiling has led to
misleading information. The study, therefore, aims at identifying whether the problem statement
stated above is true or false. Under this problem statement, the issues that need to be looked at
include the factors that lead to both the positive and negative results. After the discussions of the
major factors that lead to both the cases, it is important to identify some of the strategies that can
be put in place to solve the positive and negative results.

CRIMINAL PROFILING

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Criminal profiling plays a vital role in ensuring that law and order are maintained in the country.
It involves the analysis of the criminal areas so as to come up with a behavioral...


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