Description
Write an essay on how individuals adapt to organizations. After a brief introduction, discuss the following five issues. Follow the A to E order below.
A. Describe Marvick's three career types: (1) Institutionalist; (2) specialist, and; (3) Hybrid.
B. Describe Gouldner's two types: (1) Local, and; (2) Cosmopolitan .
C. Explain the links/similarities between Gouldner's two types and Marvick's career types.
D. Describe Down's three types: (1) Zealot; (2) Advocate and (3) Statesman,
E. In your opinion, which of the Downs' three types might be the most helpful/contributing to the organization? Why?
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Research & Summaries Question
Introduction
Individuals in an organization are socialized differently and thus have distinct expectations
and commitments to their organization. Some center their career growth to the organization
while others on a broader external context. However, organizations define their objectives
which individuals need to take time to adapt. Individuals feel motivated to work in an
organization when they feel that their expectations are met: career mobility, salary, and
professional growth.
A
Marvick identified three career orientation types; institutionalists are loyal to the
organization, their individual goals and delight are predominantly bound to the organization
establishment. They are sociable workers within a small group in the organization and are
characterized by low formal education ("Instructor notes"). They are mid-level bureaucrats
who hope for career mobility to executive positions and salary increment. The specialist is
loyal to their profession, thus give supremacy to accomplishment and professional skills.
They are out-of-organization oriented and are not sociable. They show little interest in
promotion and salary.
The hybrid does not base their loyalty on either the organization or a profession but
where the emphasis is. The hybrid adopts both the characteristics of the institutionalist and
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the specialist ("Instructor notes"). Since they are highly educated, they show interest in high
salary and executive positions. They are socially detached from a small group and want to use
most of their time with their families and thus have little influence.
B
The locals are satisfied with their work and thus tend to be loyal to both the
institution and their small reference groups. Hence they are social and use an inner reference
group. They show low commitment to specialized roles. The cosmopolitans are highly
educated and show significant commitment to their specialized role skills and thus very
productive. They are, however, dissatisfied with the institution and therefore...