University of Alabama Evidence Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare Discussion

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Health Medical

The University of Alabama at Birmingham

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Part One

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  • Why is it important for representatives from the target population to be involved in developing the goals and objectives for the program?
  • How could you involve the representatives from the target population in designing the program?
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What strategies could be used to navigate disagreements or lack of interest?

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Be sure to appropriately cite any sources you use to support your responses with standard APA citations.

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Discussion Assignment: Part One • • • Why is it important for representatives from the target population to be involved in developing the goals and objectives for the program? How could you involve the representatives from the target population in designing the program? What strategies could be used to navigate disagreements or lack of interest? Be sure to appropriately cite any sources you use to support your responses with standard APA citations. Part Two Write a 3-paragraph weekly reflection addressing the questions posed below: • • • • • Provide one specific example of how you achieved the weekly objectives. How will this knowledge improve your effectiveness as a practice scholar? In what ways will you use this learning? What goals will you set in accordance with what you have learned? How has course information changed your ways of knowing? Required Text: Course Text: Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2019). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice, 4th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. • Chapters 2 & 3 Other Resources Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B., Stillwell, S., & Williamson, K. (2010). Critical appraisal of the evidence: Part I an introduction to gathering, evaluating, and recording the evidence... fifth in a series. American Journal of Nursing, 110(7), 47–52. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000383935.22721.9c Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B., Stillwell, S., & Williamson, K. (2010). Critical appraisal of the evidence: Part III the process of synthesis: Seeing similarities and differences across the body of evidence. American Journal of Nursing, 110(11), 43-51. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000390523. 99066.b5 Fineout-Overholt, E., Williamson, K., Gallagher-Ford, L., Melnyk, B., & Stillwell, S. (2011). Following the evidence: Planning for sustainable change. American Journal of Nursing, 111(1), 54-60. Week 1 Discussion Human nutrition The issue picked in this is human nutrition. Human beings need food to support life. Nutrition as a physiological and biochemical process allows ingestion, biosynthesis, absorption, assimilation, excretion, and catabolism in organisms. Besides, individuals who observe healthy nutrition have strong immunity that can help them ward off diseases. Nutrition is the primary disease-prevention approach. Equally, observing dietary and nutritional intervention prevents malnutrition, making the body vulnerable to diseases due to a lack of strong immunity. The body requires nutrients to be strong and healthy. Nutrients are only observed if individuals strictly observe the role of nutrition in health promotion and disease prevention. Hence, nutrition is a critical national health promotion and disease-prevention issue that needs much attention. Problem description: Lifestyle diseases are arising in the Western world and other societies. There is a significant linkage of lifestyle to diseases such as cancer. Also, emerging diseases like Coronavirus have made people reflect on the importance of addressing nutritional challenges. People ignore proper nutrition for their health, but only to put down by diseases that their immunity can fight winningly if they eat healthily. The sedentary lifestyles people adopt due to increasing household income are dangerous to their lives. Research notes that in Western societies, people are consuming takeaway and fast food (Jaworowska et al., 2013). Adolescents are the most affected individuals because they consider eating fast food as fashionable and ignoring all their bodies' nutritional requirements. Food plays a crucial role in preventing diseases. Changes in dietary patterns impact public health and the diet’s quality. Businesses selling or encouraging fast food consumption are looking for profit and are not committed to better nutrition for their consumers. If not addressed adequately, it is a serious health issue that will cost many lives as many people will fall sick, and their immunity will always be weak to fight diseases. Coronavirus should give people time to reflect on the importance of healthy nutrition instead of prioritizing fast food. Jaworowska et al. (2013) examined the nutritional characteristics of fast food items as well as takeaway. The researchers looked into saturated acid content, total fat, energy density, and trans fatty acid content. The researchers further established the association of foods and health outcomes. The researchers found that the nutrient profiles of these items have serious negative health outcomes. In essence, takeaway and fast food items pose a health hazard that needs to be addressed as a serious public health issue. Therefore, nutrition is one area that will help address this problem. The work of nutritionists may not be paid attention to, but they are becoming important professionals when it comes to addressing the nutritional challenges society is facing today. Target population The target population, in this case, is the adolescents who are said to consume lots of takeaways and fast food. The age of this population is from 11-18 years. Since nutrition affects health, growth, and development, this segment population requires help in addressing the nutritional challenge caused by increased consumption of fast food and takeaway. Jaworowska et al. (2013) referred to a 2001 report that stated that 75 percent of American adolescents eat at fast-food outlets at a minimum once a week. While a 2020 report shows that 70 percent of Brazilian students in the age bracket of 9-18 eat fast food at least four times a week. Applicable theory The nutritional problem identified in this case can be well described using Orem’s selfcare deficit nursing theory. Dorothea Orem developed this theory, and it is mostly used in primary care and rehabilitation settings. According to the theory, the patient should be urged to be independent in the sense that they should take care of their health (Didisen, Binay, & Yardimci, 2017). The patient should do self-care to improve their human functioning, particularly at home. Besides, the theory was chosen because nutritional challenge directly requires the direct involvement of the public. The public, particularly adolescents, should be allowed to take care of themselves. Also, the theory was developed in the nursing field to give health care practitioners a perspective that patients can take of themselves. Although Woods and Magyary (2010) note that nursing requires interdisciplinary collaboration to deal with health problems, at some point, nurses should encourage selfcare to address public health problems. Nurses can't monitor what the public shall be consuming, and therefore through this theory, the public should be encouraged to selfcare (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). They should take control of their health. They should be educated on the health risks they are exposing themselves to through persistent consumption of takeaway and fast food items. After that, this target population will see the sense of their self-care. This theory was particularly developed in the field of nursing. Hence, there is no literature showing its application in other fields. In nursing, the theory is particularly applied to help nurses remember that patients can individually take care of their health. According to Didisen et al. (2017), Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory has been used in the management of some diseases like pneumonia. Essentially, the theory has been applied to the management of many diseases, including diabetes. References Didisen, N. A., Binay, S., & Yardimci, F. (2017). Orem’s Self-care Deficit Theory and Nursing Care in Relation to Pneumonia: A Case Report. Studies on EthnoMedicine, 11(4), 311-317. Jaworowska, A., Blackham, T., Davies, I. G., & Stevenson, L. (2013). Nutritional challenges and health implications of takeaway and fast food. Nutrition reviews, 71(5), 310-318. Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2019). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice, 4th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Woods, N. F., & Magyary, D. L. (2010). Traditional research: why nursing’s interdisciplinary collaboration is essential. Research & Theory for Nursing Practice, 24(1), 9-24. doi:10.1891/1541-6577.24.1.9
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Discussion Assignment
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Part One
Target population refers to the group of individuals a given program is designed to serve.
For a program to deliver effective services and remain focused, it should clearly define the goals
and objectives (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). Essentially, goals and objectives are
described as the ultimate driving force behind any thriving program. In order for a program to
come up with valid yet achievable goals and objectives, it is a must requirement that the
representatives of the target population are brought on board. During the design phase of a
program, representatives of the target population help examine the specific resources and needs
of the population (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). As such, it entails an analysis of the local
needs. Soliciting information from the target population with the aid of representatives provides
foundational insights about the program's best focus. For instance, representatives can best help
identify the underserved population and suggest the most appropriate objectives and goals that
would ensure the program's operations align with the target population's nutritional requirements.
The success of a program depends on how well the representatives of the target
population are consulted. These representatives are the primary stakeholders, and hence, to
ensure their buy-in, it is paramount to have them involved in the program design. Progressively,
they are consulte...

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