What is the name of the only pigment that captures light directly in photosynthesis? (be specific) (2 points)Why does this pigment appear green? (2 points)List two variables besides the wavelength (color) of light which might affect the rate of food production in plants. (4 points)Why is chlorophyll important for all biological life? (5 points)In Part I of the procedure, what is the name of the indicator used to identify the presence of CO2? (2 points)What color did the indicator turn after blowing air into the water through the straw? (2 points)What color did the indicator turn after the tube was placed under a light source for 30 minutes? (2 points) Why did this occur? (3 points)List the functions of these four common pigments found in plants. (4 points)Chlorophyll aChlorophyll bXanthophyllCaroteneIf the Rf value of a pigment is .3750 and the distance that the solvent traveled is 11 cm, how far did the pigment travel? (5 points)Please list the Distance the solvent traveled, the Distance the pigment traveled, and the calculated Rf value for each of the pigments extracted from the spinach leaves, in the acetone chromatography procedure. (8 points)CaroteneXanthophyllChlorophyll aChlorophyll bBased on the Rf results, which pigment has the highest molecular weight? How can you tell? (5 points)From the chromatography lab, which pigments were soluble in the acetone? Explain your answer. (5 points)The earth's early atmosphere did not contain oxygen gas. This changed dramatically once the early cells underwent photosynthesis.Given that the early atmosphere did not contain oxygen gas, explain how photosynthesis was able to occur in this type of early atmosphere. (5 points)How did the photosynthesis process allow for the evolution of other, non-photosynthetic organisms? (5 points)In reviewing the data from the floating disk experiment, which factor had a greater impact on the rate of photosynthesis, increased light intensity or increased concentration of carbon dioxide? (1 point)Use your data to justify your response. (5 points)**INFORMATION NEEDED TO COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS**Independent Variable: This is the cause.Dependent Variable: This is the response or effect.One hundred samples of several different plants were placed in each of six sealed containers with water in them. At the end of two days the amount of oxygen produced was measured. Results are shown in the table below.Container PlantHeight of PlantLight IntensitySource of LightDistance from LightmL O2 Produced1Iris4"HighArtificial6"162Iris4"HighNatural6"133Iris6"LowArtificial5"124Carnation6"HighNatural4"135Carnation6"LowNatural4"96Carnation4"LowArtificial5"14Multiple Choice: Based on the data presented in the table, which two containers could be correctly used to compare the rate of photosynthesis at two different light sources? Explain your answer. (5 points)1 and 22 and 31 and 55 and 64 and 5Multiple Choice: Compare Containers 4 and 5. What independent variable is tested by this comparison? Explain your answer. (5 points)Kind of plantHeight of plantLight intensityDistance from light sourceLight sourceMultiple Choice: Which container had the slowest rate of photosynthesis? Explain your answer. (5 points)123456(Application) How might the information gained from this lab pertaining to photosynthesis and pigments be useful to you, or how can you apply this knowledge to your everyday life as a non-scientist? The application will be graded according to the rubric below. (20 points

Sea Floor Plate TectonicsView: Spreading Ridge Videos (all of the videos!) Geysers and HotspringsMagmatic Activity (Yellowstone Hot Spot Track) Caldera Forming Eruptions Note 1: Answers to “short-answer” questions should be no longer than a few sentences.Note 2: As per instructions ("How to Turn In Assignments")-- make sure that you copy this assignment into a MICROSOFT WORD DOCUMENT, and place your answers below each question.... save it on your computer, and then UPLOAD the assignment using the "SUBMIT ASSIGNMENT" button!What kind of igneous rock is produced at a spreading ridge—basalt, or rhyolite, or andesite?How does the amount (i.e. volume of magma per year) of igneous rock production at the world's mid-ocean spreading ridges compare to the amount of magma produced by land volcanoes— much more at mid-ocean ridges, or much less at mid-ocean ridges? Pick one of the above, AND EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER.In a black smoker environment, where does the water come from that we see flowing out of the "chimney" structure— Is the water coming from the surrounding seawater, or is the water coming up from earth's mantle? (Pick one AND EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER.)Why are the magnetic lineations identical on either side of the mid-ocean ridgeWhat magnitude earthquakes are typical of mid-ocean ridge; high (6 or greater) or low (5 or less).In the Spreading Ridge Video “Iceland”—we see that the mid-ocean ridge is off-set. The off-set is a result of what kind of fault? Choose one of the following.thrust fault (subduction zone)transform faultrotational faultnormal faultWatch the video on how a geyser works. How does the boiling temperature of water change with pressure? In other words, does high pressure result in a higher or lower boiling point?Watch the video titled “Magmatic Activity”At the end of this video, hit pause, and notice that Yellowstone Hot spot eruptions go back to about 16 million years ago. Using the map provided (and the rough approximate scale bar), calculate a plate velocity for the North American Plate, moving over the Yellowstone Hot Spot. First, figure out how many kilometers the hot spot moved in 16 million yearsSecond, use the fact that velocity is just distance over time, e.g. miles per hour.Give the plate velocity… 1st-- in kilometers per year and then 2nd -- in centimeters per year (FYI--there are 100,000 centimeters in one kilometer).Watch the video titled “Caldera Forming Eruptions.” Based on this video (and, if you like, a look at online resources or the textbook chapter on volcanic rocks)--- what are the various dangers associated with caldera forming eruptions?Read the section of the chapter on Plate Tectonics, called “What Causes Plate Motion”. Learn about all the various proposed mechanisms (for EXAM 1) that cause plates to move.Answer the following question-- What is the primary force that generates "ridge push"??a) gravity; b) convection in underlying asthenosphere; c) tidal energy; d) increased density as plate descends

INTRODUCTION & PURPOSEStructural geology is the study of how geologic rock units are initially arranged and later deformed. Changing spatial relations between geologic units and the stress and strain that occur during deformation events are key aspects in understanding geologic structures. The purpose of this lab is to both learn and apply the concepts of structural geology to reading and interpreting geologic structures, including tilted beds, folds, and faults. The terms and concepts of geologic structures, the application of structural geology to mountain building events, and the techniques used to interpret geologic structures will be presented and discussed. The three types of graphic representations of geologic structures: 1) geologic maps, 2) geologic cross-sections, and 3) block diagrams will also be highlighted and discussed.All the information in files under