The preweek quiz involves watching a “General Biology video” and completing the quiz. After completing the pre-week quiz and before starting your study of this chapter, make sure to review enzymes (page 99) and the properties of the cell membrane (page 63). We will be studying both passive and active processes by which materials can move across the cell membrane. Part I: 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3. Read Section 5.1 Keep the following figures handy as you work your way through the following questions: Define OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM. CHEMICAL DISEQUILIBRIUM. ELECTRICAL DISEQUILIBRIUM How can the cell be in osmotic equilibrium at the same time as it is in electrical and chemical disequilibrium?Compare the terms molarity, osmolarity, osmolality, osmotic pressure and tonicity. List the rules for determining osmolarity and tonicity of a solution.Review Figure 5.1 Compare the volume and ion components of the ECF and ICF. How do materials move between the ICF and ECF?What is an aquaporin (AQP)?Review Figure 5.2. What does osmolarity describe? How do you calculate osmolarity?Compare the terms hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic.What does tonicity describe? What happens to cells placed in hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic solutions.How does tonicity differ from osmolarity? Figure 5.3How do penetrating and nonpenetrating solutes affect tonicity? How do penetrating and nonpenetrating solutes affect osmolarity?Watch the following video. Revisit your answers to the questions from 5.1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhtiXdGae3M&list=PL5GRRRmaGVqUASeRrzWFlmqoj2xPcWoXI&index=7 (Links to an external site.)5.2 Define SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE. PERMEABLE IMPERMEABLECreate a table showing your super understanding of the similarities and differences of diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. (Making a table shows you know how several things are similar and how they are different. It makes it easy to answer “compare’ questions.)Why does bulk flow occur in fluids?Compare the terms passive transport and active transport.Watch the following video and review your responses for section 5.2.5.3 Define DIFFUSION. CONCENTRATION GRADIENT. ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT. FLUXWhat is the source of energy for diffusion? List the seven properties of diffusion. How do the properties of diffusion relate to the rules for diffusion of uncharged molecules (Table 5.6)? Which two rules are unique to diffusion across a membrane? How does the property of the cell membrane influence the rate of diffusion?How do ions move?Explain Fick’s law of diffusion. (Figure 5.7)Part II: 5.4-5.5This section looks at moving material with the assistance of proteins embedded in the cell membrane. These proteins are binding proteins, just like enzymes, and some of those concepts are helpful to remember. Make sure to think about the properties of enzymes when you are studying how membrane proteins are involved in moving materials across the cell membrane. Are there similarities? Are there differences? How do the principles of specificity J, competition and saturation you first encountered when studying enzymes relate to carrier-mediated transport?Define MEDIATED TRANSPORT. STRUCTURAL PROTEIN. MEMBRANE ENZYME. COTRANSPORTER. GLUT TRANSPORTER.How do the principles of specificity, competition and saturation you first encountered when studying enzymes relate to carrier-mediated transport?Compare channel proteins and carrier proteins. Why does the cell need both channel and carrier proteins?How does water move across a hydrophobic membrane?Compare open and gated channels. Compare voltage-gated and mechanically gated channels.How do carrier proteins move molecules?Compare uniport, symport, and antiport carriers.Describe how glucose enters the cell.Compare primary (direct) and secondary (indirect) active transport. Compare the functions of specific primary active transporters (Table 5.7). Compare GLUT and SGLUT.Compare the functions of specific Secondary active transporters (Table 5.8).Explain the concepts of specificity, competition and saturation as they relate to carrier-mediated transport.Watch the following video and revisit your answers for Section 5.4https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ah8IsC2S3N0&list=PL5GRRRmaGVqUASeRrzWFlmqoj2xPcWoXI&index=5 (Links to an external site.)5.5 Define RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS. PINOCYTSIS. MEMBRANE RECYCLING. Compare phagocytosis, endocytosis and exocytosis.What is the relationship between endocytosis, exocytosis and membrane recycling (Figure 5.19)For this unit, you will also a short writing assignment due Friday of the third week. Write out your answers to the following eight questions. Don’t submit a first or second draft. You should ask someone in the class to read your first draft and make comments. Then, think about those comments and refine your answers.You should submit your answers as a Word or Google document by Friday (2/19) 1159PM. You will have your submission peer reviewed by three of your classmates and you will peer review three submissions. The reviews are due Sunday (2/21) 1159PM. Unit 1 Objectives:Using at least one physiological example, explain the concept of homeostasis.Explain and provide examples of specificity, competition, and saturation in proteins.Explain the concepts of specificity, competition, and saturation as they relate to enzymes.Explain the fluid-mosaic model of the cell membrane.Compare osmolarity and tonicity.Compare diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport.Explain why cells need both channel and carrier proteins.Explain the concepts of specificity, competition, and saturation as they relate to carrier-mediated transport.PreviousNext