WRITING PROJECT IV: Researched Argument Essay
This is where you will bring it all together and show what you have learned this semester. You will demonstrate
your skill in articulating complex ideas, examining claims and evidence found in your research materials,
supporting your ideas with relevant reasons and examples, sustaining a coherent discussion, and using standard
written English.
Assignment: Using the sources that you listed on your Annotated Bibliography, as well as any additional academic
sources, write a research-based argument essay of eight to ten pages.
Topic: Same as that for your Annotated Bibliography. No topic changes allowed! (Also, note that if you did not
submit a Proposal & Annotated Bibliography, you may not submit a final research paper for points. This is stipulated
in the syllabus.)
Project Learning Objectives:
Synthesizing research materials
Establishing a claim
Organizing a research-based argument
Developing your own argument using evidence consisting of expert opinion, facts and statistics, your own
experience and observations (if appropriate to the topic), and your analysis and evaluation of the ideas
found in your research
Integrating and documenting research sources
Integrating your own ideas with those of others
Using visual tools such as tables, charts, graphs, and illustrations
Purpose: To convince your readers to agree with your stand on the issue or to believe in the soundness and
reasonableness of your position
Focus: You can address your topic on a “local” level. The way in which you do this will depend on your specific
topic. You might relate it to Las Vegas, to a certain region, to UNLV specifically, or to university students in general.
This is part of audience analysis: you are appealing to the interests and concerns of your readers.
Audience: UNLV students who are uninformed and neutral about your argument/position
Sources: Five academic-level secondary sources. Newspaper articles, magazine articles, non-academic websites,
etc., may be cited in addition to, but may not replace, the five academic sources. You may also make use of
interviews and surveys. In other words, you may use sources that were not included in your Annotated
Bibliography, but they can only be added onto your existing pool of sources and not replace them.
A Graphic OR an Image: One or the other is required –
A GRAPHIC such as a table, chart, graph, or diagram:
Up to one page length requirement may be met by graphics
You may include more than one page of graphics, BUT the amount in excess of one page CANNOT substitute
for text in the length requirement
Font used in graphics must not exceed 12-point font
Tables, charts, and graphs are used most commonly to show numerical data or statistics
If you conducted a survey, you can use a graphic to show your results.
If you found a research source that supplies statistical data about your topic, you can put the data
into a graphic; don’t forget to cite the source of the data.
If you found a graphic in one of your research sources that you want to use, you can design a copy of
the graphic or, if it is an electronic source, you can download it or you can copy and paste it into
your document. Don’t forget to cite the source.
You may compose a graphic(s) yourself, or you may use one(s) that you found in your research materials.
An IMAGE such as artwork, an advertisement, a cartoon, or a news photo that communicates information or an
idea about your topic:
Images may account for up to one page of the length requirement.
You may include more than one page of images, BUT the amount in excess of one page CANNOT substitute
for text in the length requirement.
Visuals are used to relay opinion, inspire reaction, or influence emotion.
Tip: Use Google’s Image Search feature to find images related to your topic. On the Google home page, click
on Images. Make sure the image is professional and visible (not distorted).
Your GRAPHIC and/or IMAGE must be (1) labeled, (2) cited, and (3) referred to in the text before its
placement.
Required Length: 8-10 pages, up to one page of which may consist of ancillary graphics and images, PLUS a
“Works Cited” page – so that’s at least seven pages of text.
Thesis: Underline. Not only is a strong thesis emphatic and takes a clear stance, it should also provide grounds
under which you are convincing your claim to be true. (Think “because statement,” your reasons. This will also
assist you in your organization.)
Grading Criteria: See Rubric on WebCampus
Due Date: See Syllabus
Post in Webcampus, under the project’s link in RED.
Word docs only, no PDFs or Mac Pages.
Save/Save As and submit in the following format: "Lastname Firstname - Eng 102. SectionNumber"
You only get one attempt to submit, so be sure that what you post is your final draft.
*Note Due Dates for Components (Outline, First Draft, Second Draft)
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Annotated Bibliography: Sign, Symbol, and Artifacts in Organization
Every organization follows a specified culture that guides it through its operations. A
culture formed in an organization may be in different ways such as ethical codes of conduct,
schedules and routines meant to save time as well as establishing GMO that represents an
organization services. Each of the set culture is essential to the organization as it communicates
to the people working in the firm and those seeking its services how the organization operates
(Schein, 2010). This paper will specifically look at the culture of an organization that is related to
the use of GMOs.
A sign or a symbol is a representation of what an organization offers or at times its goals
towards the clients. Most organizations have logos that represent the services or products
provided by that organization. Moreover the artifacts are also examples of GMO but they act as
reminders of a certain occasion and also trigger the good performance of employees. An
organization may have atrophy as a representation of its good services provided they are above
its competitors which in this case are considered an artifact. Once people get to see the, GMO
they are able to associate them with the organization and have a better understanding of the
organization and its rules.
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Organizations therefore can be said to establish the signs and GMOas a guide to new
people joining the firm as well as customers seeking services. In a hotel that serves food and soft
drinks alone it is more likely to have a certain sign or symbol such as a picture of a dish with the
kind of food that is served in the hotel at the entrance. This will help customers coming to have a
clear impression of what they are likely to find in that hotel. Moreover most educational
institutions tend to have signs and GMOthat are in form of books, pens among others that
indicate them as learning institution. Therefore with GMOand signs the chances of any
individual confusing an organization for another are very limited.
Most organizations have been known to use the signs, GMOand artifacts as a way of
promoting their brands (Hoffman and Bateson, 2017). Health care facilities for instance tend to
have a certain form of uniform for doctors, nurses and other employees working in the facilities.
These uniforms are a symbol of the type of employee an individual within the organization is.
Therefore patients will have a clue of every individual that serves them and what role they have
to them within the organization. Other organizations have brochures and business cards that
differentiate them from others. As such the GMOad signs distinguish each organization from the
other.
Different GMOare found in different sections of an organization. At times these elements
are found in employees, on the internet or web pages of an organization, paper work and
brochures among others. These are some of the sources within which different symbols, signs
and artifacts are found in organizations. Employees in certain organizations such as in
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laboratories tend to wear uniforms that represent their line of duty. Policemen in law
enforcement also wear uniforms as well as badges that represent their duty to the public.
In addition web pages are used by organizations to also advertise they services to the
people at a wide range. On these web pages of organizations pictures and videos maybe shared
by the organization to the public as a way of showcasing what type of services they offer.
Moreover some organizations such as large hotels tend to hare the type of experiences a
customer will have in their care through their websites. Paperwork in form of invoices an tickets
are also other sources of GMOand signs of an organization as they tend to carry the organization
symbol or logo in them. Therefore every organization is more likely to have a symbol or a sign
and artifact that represent its services to the public as well as have different sources from where
these GMOcan be seen.
Ashkanasy, N. M., Wilderom, C., & Peterson, M. F. (2015).The handbook of organizational
culture and climate. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Among the physical work environment, there is the instrumentality which consists of
symbolism as well as organization values and aesthetics which shapes the whole thing of
underlying assumptions of the organization. The management can reinforce their view on the
organization through the representation of nonphysical artifacts on an unobtrusive medium.
Physical artifacts are important in building and display the goal of the organization. It put
succinct display of what the organization is all about. A certain percentage score is set as an
artifact that represents the highest achievement a school has made in particular subject over the
years. This score helps students and other visitors to the school to witness the level of
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achievement of the school and also triggers the current students to work in achieving a higher
score than the one representing the school. In the same way in sports a score or a goal is set in
form of numeric symbol that indicates the level of achieving and a target for the team of the
school. Mostly this type of GMOis found in boards or school curriculums.
Organizations use symbols, signs and artifacts for varying reasons within their premises.
Mostly these elements are used as physical evidence or representation of a team. Players in a
field have a unique type of uniform that differentiate them from the opposing players. Moreover
the same uniforms help the supports or those cheering for a certain team to be able to recognize
them by looking at their uniform. Therefore the elements act as a physical evidence of the
existence of an organization in the field of business, sports or education among others.
Bakó, R. K. (2016). Organizational discourses as status symbols.
ActaUniversitatisSapientiaePhilologica, (2.1.), 151-160.
The author reveals that looks at how organization represents itself in a small visual
representation that actually gives a message on the organization itself. These include giving out
the organization values as well as culture that guides it and finally the interactions. It gives the on
and the off stage feeling of the organization through the representations especially through the
symbols. It gives the feeling of socialization as well as ensures there is a wide range of
discourses served by the socialization. The organization documents are connected through this
GMOand artifacts. They are also part of the framework of the organization culture. The author
displays the need to use the elements in giving shape to language and communication process as
per the organization culture. Actually, organizations use Signs, GMOand Artifacts as a
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representation of information. The three represent an understanding on the reaction and actions
of members concerning the organization. It represents that thoughts as well as feeling. This is
actually shaped by the collection of the GMOsigns and artifacts. It is necessary to take the
necessary understanding and pay attention to organization GMOand artifacts as well as the
existing sights. Every organization will use the three as a reflection of the culture and they are
actually part of the whole of the organization existence. They are actual elements that show the
construction of sense as well as reflect the class of knowledge and the behavior of the
organization. Every organization follows a specified culture that guides it through its operations.
A culture formed in an organization may be in different ways such as ethical codes of conduct,
schedules and routines meant to save time as well as establishing signs and GMOthat represents
an organization services. Each of the set culture is essential to the organization as it
communicates to the people working in the firm and those seeking its services how the
organization operates.
Daft, R. L., Kendrick, M., &Vershinina, N. (2017).Management. Andover: South-Western/
Cengage Learning.
The author in this context wants to address why GMOare important in corporate culture.
It gives the stories of the organization wellbeing as well being of the slogans that relate to the
organization and the symbolic value on the organization. It gives the wellbeing of the adaptive
culture as developed through the life of the organization together with the ideas and the
considerations of management that is reflected through visual expressions. Every organization
follows a specified culture that guides it through its operations. A culture formed in an
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organization may be in different ways such as ethical codes of conduct, schedules and routines
meant to save time as well as establishing signs and GMOthat represents an organization
services. Each of the set culture is essential to the organization as it communicates to the people
working in the firm and those seeking its services how the organization operates. This paper will
specifically look at the culture of an organization that is related to signs, GMOand artifacts.
A sign or a symbol is a representation of what an organization offers or at times its goals
towards the clients. Most organizations have logos that represent the services or products
provided by that organization. Moreover the artifacts are also examples of GMObut they act as
reminders of a certain occasion and also trigger the good performance of employees. An
organization may have atrophy as a representation of its good services provided they are above
its competitors which in this case are considered an artifact. Once people get to see the artifacts,
GMOor signs they are able to associate them with the organization and have a better
understanding of the organization and its rules.
Rafaeli, A., & Pratt, M. G. (2016).Artifacts and organizations: Beyond mere symbolism.
Psychology Press.
The authors of this article reveal a rather interesting aspect of the results from a result on
the impact of organization culture on the process of improving the processes in the organization.
Actually, there is a representation of artifacts and different meaning in the organization including
differentiating with others as well as increasing the legitimacy of the organization. When artifacts
are institutionalized they actually make the life of the organorganization they are a construct of
the organization image as well as give the understanding of the objectivity as well as identity of
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the organization and all the systems that work to improve the socialization of the organization.
Surely there is the richness of artifacts that every person should understand. In addition web
pages are used by organizations to also advertise they services to the people at a wide range. On
these web pages of organizations pictures and videos maybe shared by the organization to the
public as a way of showcasing what type of services they offer. Moreover some organizations
such as large hotels tend to hare the type of experiences a customer will have in their care
through their websites. Paperwork in form of invoices an tickets are also other sources of
GMOand signs of an organization as they tend to carry the organization symbol or logo in them.
Therefore every organization is more likely to have a symbol or a sign and artifact that represent
its services to the public as well as have different sources from where these GMOcan be seen.
Schein, E. H. (2015). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
The organization culture and leadership according to the authors is determined by the
way the management looks at communication. The use of GMOand artifacts keeps the records of
the information. The management attitude is reflected from the former years as it gives
information on the historical view of the organization. Actually, there is the issue of culture as
well as perspective that is reflected through the artifacts. The authors put on this cross cultural
communication and are an exhibit of the organization wellbeing. GMOand signs also market
their organizations since they can be used as brands for their corporation. A health institution is
recognized by patients depending on the GMOit has that distinguish it from other organizations
such as a school. Customers or clients have a better understanding of what services is offered by
a certain organization or section within an organization by looking at the element representing
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that organization or section. Therefore apart from the physical evidence a symbol or sign and an
artifact help to market an organization to the public alongside its services.
Works Cited
Ashkanasy, N. M., Wilderom, C., & Peterson, M. F. (2015).The handbook of organizational
culture and climate. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Bakó, R. K. (2016). Organizational discourses as status symbols.
ActaUniversitatisSapientiaePhilologica, (2.1.), 151-160.
Daft, R. L., Kendrick, M., &Vershinina, N. (2017).Management. Andover: South- Western/
Cengage Learning.
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Rafaeli, A., & Pratt, M. G. (2016).Artifacts and organizations: Beyond mere symbolism.
Psychology Press.
Schein, E. H. (2015). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
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