Assignment 7
You have been asked to compare 4 styles of father’s parenting style with an anxiety score
(GAD7). Determine if there is a relationship between the variables (Questions 1 – 6).
Report
Anxiety Score
How you were fathered
(Father's parenting style)?
Mean
Std. Deviation
N
Authoritarian
6.86
5.203
83
Authoritative
5.46
4.762
138
Permissive
5.49
4.163
75
Uninvolved
5.61
3.610
49
Total
5.83
4.623
345
1. What are the assumptions and conditions for this problem?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Unbiased sampling, normality, and equal variances
Biased samples, normality, and no expected value < 1
Unbiased sample and no expected value < 1
No more than 20% of the expected values < 5
All of the above
2. Were any assumptions violated?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
No, all assumptions were met
Yes, assumption of normality (see outliers in boxplot)
Yes, assumption of equal variances (see standard deviations)
Yes, see sample sizes
None of the above
3. What is the p-value for the One-way ANOVA (F-test)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.832
.141
.182
.386
.810
4. Were the results statistically significant and what is your decision?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Yes, Reject Ho
Yes, Fail to reject Ho
No, Fail to reject Ho
No, Reject Ho
Both ‘a’ and ‘d’
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Assignment 7
ANOVA
Anxiety Score
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
df
Mean Square
116.602
3
38.867
Within Groups
7234.963
341
21.217
Total
7351.565
344
F
1.832
5. How would you write the overall results for the above statistics?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
F(3,341) = 1.83, p = .141
F(3,344) = 38.87, p = .141
F(344) = 1.83, p = 141
F(3,341) = 1.83, p < .05
None of the above
2
Sig.
.141
Assignment 7
6. Is the follow-up analysis below this question appropriate?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Yes, because Ho was rejected
No, because Ho was rejected
Yes, because we failed to reject Ho
No, because we failed to reject Ho
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Anxiety Score
Bonferroni
95% Confidence
Interval
Mean
(I) How you were fathered
(J) How you were fathered
Difference (I-
Std.
(Father's parenting style)?
(Father's parenting style)?
J)
Error
Authoritarian
Authoritative
1.392
.640
.182
-.31
3.09
Permissive
1.362
.734
.386
-.59
3.31
Uninvolved
1.243
.830
.810
-.96
3.45
-1.392
.640
.182
-3.09
.31
Authoritative
Permissive
Authoritarian
Upper
Bound
Bound
Permissive
-.030
.661 1.000
-1.78
1.72
Uninvolved
-.148
.766 1.000
-2.18
1.88
.734
.386
-3.31
.59
Authoritarian
-1.362
Authoritative
.030
.661 1.000
-1.72
1.78
-.119
.846 1.000
-2.36
2.13
.830
.810
-3.45
.96
Uninvolved
Uninvolved
Sig.
Lower
Authoritarian
-1.243
Authoritative
.148
.766 1.000
-1.88
2.18
Permissive
.119
.846 1.000
-2.13
2.36
You have also been asked to see if a relationship exists between first adult attachment style and
anxiety scores. Use tables and graphs below for questions 7 – 15.
7. Check to see if the assumptions of normality have been violated. Is there a violation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Yes, see the outliers in the boxplots below
No, see the outliers in the boxplots below
Yes, because the samples sizes total more than 40
No, because the sample sizes total more than 40
Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
3
Assignment 7
Report
Anxiety Score
First Adult Attachment Style
(a "1" is put next to the
description)
Mean
Std. Deviation
N
Dismissing Avoidant
5.59
4.463
100
Preoccupied
6.70
4.735
40
Fearful Avoidant
7.80
5.084
108
Secure
4.62
4.047
125
Total
6.02
4.714
373
8. Was there a violation for equal variances?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Yes, because the largest SD is more than twice the size of the smallest SD
No, because the largest SD is less than twice the size of the smallest SD
Yes, because the largest SD is less than twice the size of the smallest SD
No, because the largest SD is more than twice the size of the smallest SD
Not enough information
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Assignment 7
9. What is the appropriate nonparametric test to use if one violates the assumption of
normality?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Kruskal-Wallis H test
Wilcoxon Rank Sum test
Mann-Whitney U test
Both ‘b’ and ‘c’
None of the above
10. How would you write the results for this output in terms of the F-statistic?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
F(207,20) = 9.999, p = .000
F(3,369) = 10, p < .001
F(207,20) = 10, p < .001
F(3,369) = 9.999, p = .000
F(3,369) = 10, p = .000
11. What is your overall decision?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Reject Ho, at least one adult attachment style is different from one other
Fail to reject Ho, at least one adult attachment style is different from one other
Reject Ho, no adult attachment style is different from another
Fail to reject Ho, no adult attachment style is different from another
Both ‘a’ and ‘c’
ANOVA
Anxiety Score
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
df
Mean Square
621.346
3
207.115
Within Groups
7643.437
369
20.714
Total
8264.783
372
F
9.999
Sig.
.000
12. Is it appropriate to do and look at the follow-up analysis (Bonferroni t and Cohen’s d)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Yes, but only Bonferroni t
Yes, but only Cohen’s d
No follow-up analysis is necessary
Yes, do both Bonferroni t and Cohen’s d
None of the above
5
Assignment 7
Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Anxiety Score
Bonferroni
95% Confidence
Interval
(I) First Adult Attachment
(J) First Adult Attachment
Style (a "1" is put next to the
Style (a "1" is put next to the
description)
description)
Dismissing Avoidant
Preoccupied
-1.110
.851 1.000
-3.37
1.15
Fearful Avoidant
-2.206*
.632
.003
-3.88
-.53
.966
.611
.687
-.65
2.59
1.110
.851 1.000
-1.15
3.37
-1.096
.842 1.000
-3.33
1.14
Secure
Preoccupied
Dismissing Avoidant
Fearful Avoidant
Fearful Avoidant
Secure
Mean
Difference (I-
Std.
J)
Error
Sig.
Lower
Upper
Bound
Bound
Secure
2.076
.827
.075
-.12
4.27
Dismissing Avoidant
2.206*
.632
.003
.53
3.88
Preoccupied
1.096
.842 1.000
-1.14
3.33
Secure
3.172*
.598
.000
1.59
4.76
-.966
.611
.687
-2.59
.65
Preoccupied
-2.076
.827
.075
-4.27
.12
Fearful Avoidant
-3.172*
.598
.000
-4.76
-1.59
Dismissing Avoidant
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
13. Looking at the Bonferroni t table above, what adult attachments styles have a larger mean
anxiety score than “Fearful Avoidant”?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Dismissive Avoidant
Preoccupied
Secure
Both ‘a’ and ‘c’
None of the above
14. Looking at the Bonferroni t table above, what adult attachments styles have a smaller
mean anxiety score than “Fearful Avoidant”?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Dismissive Avoidant
Preoccupied
Secure
Both ‘a’ and ‘c’
None of the above
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Assignment 7
15. Is it appropriate to compute Cohen’s d in comparing Secure and Fearful Avoidant? If so,
what is Cohen’s d and the effect size?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
No, it is not appropriate
Yes, it is appropriate, p < .001, d = .70, medium to large effect
Yes, it is appropriate, p = .000, d = .70, medium to large effect
Yes, it is appropriate, p < .001, d = .22, small effect
Yes, it is appropriate, p = .000, d = .22, small effect
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