Friends University Management Professional and Business Ethics Reflection Paper

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Hello there Kish, pretty well explained below what I need to get it done, I'm also including couple of the case study that you've done for me for a extra material.

Reflection (over weeks 3-6)

The Reflection paper is an overview what a student has learned and how it enriched their academic, professional, and sometimes even personal life (as the discussions on business ethics, for example). The word “how” explains why the paper is called a reflection.   

Review major chapter concepts, discussions, and case studies analysis you have been learning from during weeks 3-6. Based on it, write a reflection paper explaining how major concepts contributed to your general business education and/or professional experience. Start with defining the concepts and then provide the evidence (as a narrative) stating which types of work contributed to reinforcement and understanding of major Global Strategy concepts. In Portfolio terminology, the evidence is also called an artifact. The word "concept" is used here several times to remind that the Grad studies focus on conceptual knowledge.

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THE KORUS 1 The Government of the Republic of Korea and the Government of the United States of America, recognizing their longstanding and strong partnership, and desiring to strengthen their close economic relations, convinced that a free trade area will create an expanded and secure market for goods and services in their territories and a stable and predictable environment for investment, thus enhancing the competitiveness of their firms in global markets, desiring to raise living standards, promote economic growth and stability, create new employment opportunities, and improve the general welfare in their territories by liberalizing and expanding trade and investment between their territories, seeking to establish clear and mutually advantageous rules governing their trade and investment and to reduce or eliminate the barriers to trade and investment between their territories, agreeing that foreign investors are not hereby accorded greater substantive rights with respect to investment protections than domestic investors under domestic law where, as in the United States, protections of investor rights under domestic law equal or exceed those set forth in this Agreement. Resolved to contribute to the harmonious development and expansion of world trade by removing obstacles to trade through the creation of a free trade area and to avoid creating new barriers to trade or investment between their territories that could reduce the benefits of this Agreement, desiring to strengthen the development and enforcement of labor and environmental laws and policies, promote basic workers’ rights and sustainable development, and implement this Agreement in a manner consistent with environmental protection and conservation, building on their respective rights and obligations under the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization and other multilateral, regional, and bilateral agreements and arrangements to which they are both parties and committed to furthering their economic leadership in the Asia Pacific region, in particular by seeking to reduce barriers to trade and investment in the region. THE KORUS 2 Since the U.S.-Korea Trade Agreement (KORUS) went into effect in 2012, the U.S. trade in goods deficit has increased from $13.2 billion to $22.9 billion, an increase of 73 percent. Thus, KORUS came into effect, the overall trade deficit between the United States and Korea increased from $6.3 billion to $10.7 billion, a 70 percent increase. In July 2017, at the direction of the President, U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) Robert Lighthizer initiated discussions to amend KORUS, setting off multiple rounds of negotiations in 2017 and 2018. As a result of negotiations, South Korea wills double the annual number of American automobiles from 25,000 to 50,000 per manufacturer per year that can enter its market using U.S. safety standards. South Korea is simplifying the sales environment for U.S. cars and parts by taking into account U.S. environmental and emissions standards. For additional source The Donald Trump administration said it has widened United States access to South Korea’s car market while providing American manufacturers protection from South Korean imports. While not directly impacting agriculture, the renegotiated deal addresses vehicle exports between the countries and establishes a quota for South Korean steel exports to the U.S. The Asian nation remains exempt from tariffs the Trump administration recently imposed on steel and aluminum imports. The United States and South Korea have reached an agreement to overhaul the six-year-old U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement. President Donald Trump had called the original Korea pact a job killer THE KORUS Resources for additional source: Mauborgne, W. Chan KimRenee. “How Strategy Shapes Structure.” Harvard Business Review, 28 Aug. 2015, hbr.org/2009/09/how-strategy-shapes-structure. Gomes, Roberto Mozart. “The Korea-US Free Trade Agreement (KORUS)” EconMatters, 7 May 2010, www.econmatters.com/2014/09/dubai-as-internationalfinance-center.html. 3 Running head: HTC FIGHTS APPLE 1 Leonardo Catarina Friends University Global Strategy 09-02-2021 HTC FLIGHTS APPLE 2 Question One From a resource vie base; HTC is a company that manufactures smartphones. They are known for their innovation to meet customer’s satisfaction and customization was their core. HTC has innovated new technologies for user friendly phones. Its focus was on android and operating systems platforms. Initially HTC was into manufacturing phones for other brands only when Microsoft involved HTC into their business, HTC realized their potential of building their own brand which turned out to be HTC a great success. Question Two In the smartphone and tablet market, Apple has been the top innovator with hundreds of patents on its design, functionality, software and other features. Companies like Samsung, HTC and few other firms imitated some of the features of Apple to dominate the smartphone market, but they ended up settling the disputes in or out of the court. While Samsung paid billions of dollars as fine for infringing patents, HTC took a different route to settle the dispute. Question Three Alternative cost-effective solution must be looked at by these companies to make best use of the fluctuation to their advantage, maintaining cordial relationships with host government is a priority. This can is essential in the long run, and Business opportunities that make use of innovation can be looked at by these companies. These businesses have the potential to make the companies stay ahead of competition. HTC FLIGHTS APPLE 3 References Peng, M. (2017). Global Strategy 4th Edition. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/62398 . 1 Case Study: North America Leonardo Catarina Friends University Global Strategy 09-15-2021 2 Case Study: North America Question One There are several advantages associated with the adoption of geographical structure, as seen in the case study. Firstly, it allows the regional headquarters to focus on addressing local needs (Peng, 2017). For instance, picking out the market gaps and the areas that require improvement. Secondly, the local managers are able to form a strong relationship with suppliers and clients, and that eases the process of doing business. Thirdly, adopting a geographical structure eases tracking of performance in specific markets. In that way, it helps determine areas that are potential investment options. However, there are different disadvantages associated with the geographical structure. For instance, there is a possibility of the local unit functioning independently and hence detaching from the organizational goals. Apart from that, there is a chance of differences of opinions and communication gaps emerging between various regional units. That can lead to instances of underperformance and employee dissatisfaction with their jobs. Question Two There are different advantages of the matrix structure, as noted in this case. Firstly, there is a real-time exchange of information which eases the communication process. Secondly, adopting a matrix structure motivates different teams in an organization to work closely and efficiently. Notably, the goal of each manager in a different category division is to increase sales. Similarly, the managers at the regional level aim to increase sales. The presence of a common objective among employees at different management levels ascertains they work together efficiently. Even so, there are several disadvantages associated with this structure. To illustrate, there is a dual reporting requirement placed on employees. Given that, there are instances where 3 employees get confused about who to report to. Secondly, divisional managers could have different expectations of the employees when compared to regional managers. When employees seek to meet the expectations of the regional managers, it might strain the relationship with the divisional managers. Such complexities and the emergence of internal conflicts can affect organizational performance negatively. Question Three Multinational corporations often face a dilemma when determining if the managers are acting in the organization's best interest or seeking to fulfill self-interests. The situation becomes harder in instances where managers are situated further away from the headquarters. In Babe's case, he opted to act contrary to the organization's strategy to avoid the shutdown of the North American unit (Peng, 2017). For instance, he outsourced transport which was considered a core function of Bayer. The best method to ascertain that managers are acting in the interest of an organization is to assess the key performance indicators. The results of such an assessment will help to understand what is going on in regional offices. After that, there will be a determination of whether it is deviating from the organization's strategy. Consequently, the regional management will intervene before the situation results in adverse outcomes. For example, it would have been possible for the leadership to intervene and determine if Babe’s actions would affect the company negatively. 4 Reference Peng, M. (2017). Global business (4th ed.). Cengage Learning. 1 GE Innovates Leonardo Catarina Friends University Global Strategy 09-15-2021 2 GE Innovates Question One There are different ways in which multinational enterprises (MNEs) such as General Electric (GE) can manage growth to ascertain long-term success. Firstly, it is ensuring the growth is customer-focused. In that way, the MNEs can create high-value propositions that will meet the clients’ needs. For example, GE opted to develop portable ultrasounds to address the needs of patients in emerging markets such as China (Peng, 2017). Secondly, it is critical for MNEs to focus on their areas of strengths. To illustrate, GE used lessons from the success of its portable ultrasound in China to create a handheld electrocardiogram in India. Question Two It is also essential for the MNEs to learn about the country's tastes, market transitions, and global trends. That will be achieved by investing in marketing research which is bound to offer insight into different trends and tastes. For instance, through market research, GE realized that more than 80 percent of people in China relied on rural hospitals (Peng, 2017). Therefore, the compact ultrasound machine was not serving the needs of the market. As a solution, GE ended up making the portable ultrasound machine. Market research will also aid in making market transitions and learning about global trends. Besides that, MNEs can learn about client’s tastes through assessing the level of client satisfaction. That will offer ways to improve the current products and services. Question Three Furthermore, it is possible for MNEs such as GE to improve the odds for innovation. To start with, the MNEs should create an organizational culture that embraces innovation. Secondly, it is allocating resources towards the training and development of employees. Thirdly, MNEs 3 need to offer incentives to employees who are actively involved in innovating. For example, rewarding employees who develop innovative solutions. Reference Peng, M. (2017). Global business (4th ed.). Cengage Learning. 1 Reflection Leonardo Catarina Friends University Global Strategy 08-29-2021 2 Reflection. The concepts I learned in the last two weeks have contributed immensely to my business knowledge experience. Firstly, I learned that most businesses strive to create a competitive advantage in different ways. For instance, a firm like Ryanair opted to pursue a cost reduction strategy to gain a competitive advantage over other bigger organizations such as British Airways. As for IBM, it possesses resources that other companies do not own, and hence it can compete favorably. Additionally, it has transformed itself into an on-demand business which allows it to respond to unpredictable market changes. IBM has also adopted the utilization of flexible cost structures, which enables the organization to respond to changing business needs. Secondly, I learned how porter’s five forces affect businesses. To give an example, if there is a high threat of substitution, it will drive down sales and hence profitability. Therefore, it is essential for a company to assess whether its products and services are differentiated. In addition to that, an aspect like the bargaining power of the buyers will have an immense impact on the prices set by a company. If buyers have higher bargaining power, the business will set low prices to increase sales (Pervan et al., 2017). There are cases where economic conditions are bound to have an effect on the bargaining power of the buyers. For instance, during the great recession, selling luxury items was difficult. That gave more power to the consumers, and companies had to lower product prices as a way of maintaining steady sales. In my view, porter’s five forces have an immense effect on how businesses create strategies. Lastly, I learned that companies employ an array of strategies to compete in foreign markets. However, it is essential for a firm to have a detailed profile of the foreign market. For instance, who are the main competitors? What are their areas of strength? An example of a company that used this approach is Microsoft which was facing increased competition in the 3 Chinese market from Linux. Notably, Linux was a free platform, unlike in Microsoft, where users had to pay. The leadership at Microsoft opted to adopt a strategy of seeking large corporations to use their products legally. Hence, the company was able to gain footing in the Chinese market. 4 Reference Pervan, M., Curak, M., & Kramaric, T. (2017). The influence of industry characteristics and dynamic capabilities on firms’ profitability. International Journal of Financial Studies, 6(4), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs6010004 Peng, M. W. (2014). Global strategy (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning.
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Explanation & Answer

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1

Reflection

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation

Course Name & Code

Instructor’s Name

Date

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Reflection
The reflective discourse is personal deliberation on how the concepts of the study have
contributed to their understanding of major strategies influencing their academics,
professionalism, and personal life. The discourse analyzes and summarizes major theories and
concepts integrated into the study. Major factors of reflection are objective discussion and
subjective discussion. The objective discussion illustrates my observations during the lessons.
The subjective discussion illustrates the impact of what I have experienced during the lessons.
The concepts incorporated in the lessons have elevated my understanding of the major
strategies utilized by the companies and business organizations to achieve their short-term and
long-term objectiv...


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