Week 5 Assignment

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Mathematics

Description

One-Sample Hypothesis Testing Cases

Purpose of Assignment

The purpose of this assignment is to develop students' abilities to combine the knowledge of descriptive statistics covered in Weeks 1 and 2 and one-sample hypothesis testing to make managerial decisions. In this assignment, students will learn how statistical analysis is used in predicting an election winner in the first case. In the second case, students will conduct a hypothesis test to decide whether or not a shipping plan will be profitable.

Assignment Steps

Resources: Microsoft Excel®, Case Study Scenarios, SpeedX Payment Times

Develop a 700- to 1,050-word statistical analysis based on the Case Study Scenarios and SpeedX Payment Times.

Include answers to the following:

Case 1: Election Results

  • Use 0.10 as the significance level (α).
  • Conduct a one-sample hypothesis test to determine if the networks should announce at 8:01 P.M. the Republican candidate George W. Bush will win the state.

Case 2: SpeedX

  • Use 0.10 and the significance level (α).
  • Conduct a one-sample hypothesis test and determine if you can convince the CFO to conclude the plan will be profitable.

Format your assignment consistent with APA format.

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Case Study – Election Results and SppedX QNT/561 Version 9 University of Phoenix Material Case Study – Election Results When an election for political office takes place, the television networks cancel regular programming and instead, provide election coverage. When the ballots are counted, the results are reported. However, for important offices such as president or senator in large states, the networks actively compete to see which will be the first to predict a winner. This is done through exit polls, wherein a random sample of voters who exit the polling booth is asked for whom they voted. From the data, the sample proportion of voters supporting the candidates is computed. Hypothesis testing is applied to determine whether there is enough evidence to infer the leading candidate will garner enough votes to win. Suppose in the exit poll from the state of Florida during the 2000 year elections, the pollsters recorded only the votes of the two candidates who had any chance of winning: Democrat Al Gore and Republican George W. Bush. In a sample of 765 voters, the number of votes cast for Al Gore was 358 and the number of votes cast for George W. Bush was 407. The network predicts the candidate as a winner if he wins more than 50% of the votes. The polls close at 8:00 P.M. Based on the sample results, conduct a one-sample hypothesis test to determine if the networks should announce at 8:01 P.M. the Republican candidate George W. Bush will win the state. Use 0.10 as the significance level (α). Case Study – SpeedX SpeedX, a large courier company, sends invoices to customers requesting payment within 30 days. The bill lists an address, and customers are expected to use their own envelopes to return their payments. Currently, the mean and standard deviation of the amount of time taken to pay bills are 24 days and 6 days, respectively. The chief financial officer (CFO) believes including a stamped self-addressed envelope would decrease the amount of time. She calculates the improved cash flow from a 2-day decrease in the payment period would pay for the costs of the envelopes and stamps. You have an MBA from the University of Phoenix, and work for SpeedX as a business analyst. One of your job duties is to run analytics and present the results to the senior management for critical decision-making. You see this as an opportunity to utilize some of the skills you gained in the Statistics course. Because of your strong understanding and background in inferential statistics, you decide to take up this important assignment. You have learned any analysis in inferential statistics starts with sampling. To test the CFO’s belief, you decide to randomly select 220 customers and propose to include a stamped self-addressed envelope with their invoices. The CFO accepts your proposal and allows you to run a pilot study. You then record the numbers of days until payment is received. Using your statistical expertise and skills you gained in the class, conduct a one-sample hypothesis test and determine if you can convince the CFO to conclude that the plan will be profitable. Use 0.10 and the significance level (α). Copyright © 2017 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. 1 One-Sample Hypothesis Testing Cases Grading Guide QNT/561 Version 9 Applied Business Research and Statistics Copyright Copyright © 2017, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. One-Sample Hypothesis Testing Cases Grading Guide QNT/561 Version 9 Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. 2 One-Sample Hypothesis Testing Cases Grading Guide QNT/561 Version 9 Individual Assignment: One-Sample Hypothesis Testing Cases Purpose of Assignment The purpose of this assignment is to develop students’ abilities to combine the knowledge of descriptive statistics covered in Weeks 1 and 2 and one-sample hypothesis testing to make managerial decisions. In this assignment, students will learn how statistical analysis is used in predicting an election winner in the first case. In the second case, students will conduct a hypothesis test to decide whether or not a shipping plan will be profitable. Resources Required • • • Microsoft Excel® Case Study Scenarios SpeedX Payment Times Grading Guide Content Met Partially Met Not Met Total Available Total Earned 3 #/3 Develop a 700- to 1,050-word statistical analysis based on the Case Study Scenarios and SpeedX Payment Times. Include answers to the following: Case 1: Election Results • • Use 0.10 as the significance level (α). Conduct a one-sample hypothesis test to determine if the networks should announce at 8:01 P.M. the Republican candidate George W. Bush will win the state. Case 2: SpeedX • • Use 0.10 and the significance level (α). Conduct a one-sample hypothesis test and determine if you can convince the CFO to conclude the plan will be profitable. Comments: 3 One-Sample Hypothesis Testing Cases Grading Guide QNT/561 Version 9 Writing Guidelines Met Partially Met Not Met Total Available Total Earned 2 #/2 5 #/5 The paper—including tables and graphs, headings, title page, and reference page—is consistent with APA formatting guidelines and meets course-level requirements. Intellectual property is recognized with in-text citations and a reference page. Paragraph and sentence transitions are present, logical, and maintain the flow throughout the paper. Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. Rules of grammar and usage are followed including spelling and punctuation. Assignment Total Additional comments: # Comments: 4 Payment 27 24 14 39 13 31 26 33 13 23 17 24 18 34 13 23 16 32 30 29 21 19 22 14 27 20 11 20 30 24 18 21 24 18 27 27 27 21 22 23 18 17 23 26 20 20 22 21 13 36 18 25 26 19 16 28 16 20 16 14 25 14 35 17 16 19 19 17 18 22 23 22 27 23 23 21 20 18 29 32 27 15 21 26 32 20 29 25 15 21 30 24 23 14 18 22 37 24 35 29 24 17 27 15 19 12 19 21 19 21 15 17 20 21 31 19 27 19 26 26 26 23 12 20 34 21 24 20 21 16 23 13 19 18 31 29 23 28 19 19 22 24 21 23 14 25 17 22 21 18 22 15 27 14 23 25 24 24 17 16 30 24 17 27 24 17 10 25 15 13 29 21 22 11 25 30 23 18 19 18 14 21 22 17 19 23 31 26 25 15 16 28 27 22 12 25 12 21 19 26 16 21 30 16 25 13 11 13 22 28 14 21 30 19 14 31 9 14 21 28
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Explanation & Answer

Kindly see attached file with the requested 700-1050 word analysis of the case studies together with the corresponding plagiarism report

Running head: ONE-SAMPLE HYPOTHESIS TEST CASE STUDIES

ONE-SAMPLE HYPOTHESIS TEST CASE STUDIES
(NAME)
(PROFESSOR’S NAME)
(COURSE)
(DATE)

1

ONE-SAMPLE HYPOTHESIS TEST CASE STUDIES

2

The present report presents the outcomes of the hypothesis tests carried out on the two
proposed case studies. Both hypotheses tests are based on one-sample tests. However, they differ
in the sense that the first case study presents an example of a two-tailed test whereas the second
case study presents an example of a one-tailed test.
First case study: Presidential elections
The objective of this case study is to determine if a media company is able of using the
results from a poll carried out to predict who will win the presidential elections earlier than any
other media company. In this regard, the company conducts a poll to evaluate which candidate
had the Florida citizens voted. The objective of the case study is to determine if the proportion of
voters that have selected George W. Bush is or not different from 50%.
Taking the above information into account, the hypotheses being tested through the
hypothesis test can be summarized as:
-

Null hypothesis (Ho): The proportion of voters that selected George W. Bush is equal to
50%, meaning p = 0.5. This would imply that the media company can’t use the results of
the poll carried out to predict that George W. Bush will win the election.

-

Alternative hypothesis (Ha): The proportion of voters that selected George W. Bush is
different from 50%, meaning p ≠ 0.5. This would imply that the media company can use
the results of the poll carried out to predict that George W. Bush will win the election and
should announce it as soon as possible to be the first media company in doing it.
Table 1 presents the outcomes from the poll carried out, while table 2 presents the

outcome from the hypothesis test carried out considering the data obtained from the poll.

ONE-SAMPLE HYPOTHESIS TEST CASE STUDIES

3

Table 1. Results from the exit poll carried out by the television company in the state of Florida
Pollsters that voted Al Gore

358

Pollsters that voted George W. Bush

407

Total pollsters

765

Proportion of pollsters that voted George W. Bush

phat = 407/765 = 0.532

Table 2. Outcome from the hypothesis test
Formulation of the hypotheses

Ho: p = 0.5
Ha: p ≠ 0.5

Total number of pollsters

n = 765

Calculation of the pooled standard deviation

Calculation of the z statistic

Resulting p-value

Probability (|z| > 1.77) = 0.0765

As can be observed from the outcome of the hypothesis test presented in table 2, the
resulting p-value is of 0.0765. Considering that this value is lower than the desired significance
level of 0.10, the media company should conclude that there is enough evidence to support the
rejection of the null hypothesis. As a result, the outcome from the poll carried out clearly

ONE-SAMPLE HYPOTHESIS TEST CASE STUDIES

4

indicates that George W. Bush wins the presidential elections in the state of Florida, and the
company can announce the result immediately.
Second case study: The payment time
The objective of this case study is to determine if including a self-addressed envelope
together with the bill would significantly decrease the amount required by the customers to pay
it. In this regard, the proposed method will be considered effective in decreasing the payment
time if the payment time after its introduction is significantly lower than the current payment
time (24 days, considering a standard deviation of 6 days).
Taking the above information into account, the hypotheses being tested through the
hypothesis test can be summarized as:
-

Null hypothesis (Ho): The payment time remains the same, meaning μ = 24. This would
imply that the proposed method is not effective at decreasing the payment time such that
it will not be profitable to introduce the self-addressed envelope together with the bill.

-

Alternative hypothesis (Ha): The payment time decreases significantly, meaning μ < 24
days. This would imply that the introduced method is effective at decreasing the payment
time and the company could consider the investment profitable considering that it will get
paid significantly earlier.
To perform this hypothesis test, a pilot study was conducted in which 220 customers

were provided with the self-addressed envelope together with the bill an...


Anonymous
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