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FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY
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INTRODUCTION
Folates
are abundant in many foods,
including green vegetables, fruits, and
animal organs (liver, kidney).
Folates
are heat labile
folates are water soluble
boiling or heating folate sources will
lead to decreased amounts of vitamin.
FOLATE METABOLISM
Naturally
occurring folates are in a
polyglutamated form and are
absorbed less efficiently than the
monoglutamate species (folic acid).
Folate
conjugase activity in the intestinal brush
border aids the conversion of polyglutamates to the
monoglutamate and thereby enhances absorption.
Folic
acid is absorbed throughout the small
intestine
there is an active enterohepatic circulation.
Much of the folate in plasma is loosely bound to
albumin.
Folic
acid is not biologically active.
It
is reduced by dihydrofolate reductase to
tetrahydrofolate, which is transported into tissue
cells and polyglutamated.
Body
stores of folate are limited, and megaloblastic
anemia occurs after 2-3 mo on a folate-free diet
ETIOLOGY
Folic acid deficiency can occur as a
consequence
of inadequate folate intake
decreased folate absorption
acquired and congenital disorde...
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