Fact or Fiction?, accounting homework help

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he Final Paper is based off of the attachment. It is an annotated bibliography.

Fact or Fiction?


The final assignment for this course is a paper. The purpose of the Final Paper is for you to explore a topical area and apply critical insight to discern fact from fiction. You will review the available evidence for a commonly held belief and provide a conclusion regarding the merit of this claim by describing concepts in core psychological domains and examining variations in psychological functioning.


You have already selected your topic from the list below in Week Three of the course to complete an annotated bibliography (attached). These sources should inform your thinking and assist you in making a conclusion regarding the “truth” (i.e., scientific validity) of a commonly held belief.

  • Review the sources you gathered for the Week 3 Annotated Bibliography (attached). You will need to obtain additional scholarly articles as necessary to fully inform your thinking and address gaps in your knowledge of the topic.
  • Write a paper in which you summarize psychological theory and research that is pertinent to this topic (5-7 double spaced pages). Click here for additional information on how to successfully summarize information from an article. The paper should appraise the evidence contained within your articles, supporting and/or contradicting the statement you have chosen to examine. Your task is to distinguish whether or not this commonly held belief accurately represents psychological knowledge of the topic and discuss your conclusions.
    • If theory and research in psychology suggest that the statement is false (i.e., it is instead bubba or pop psychology), infer an alternative truth based on the literature.
    • If the theory and research in psychology suggest that the statement is true, point out how the research supports the statement.

Note: Using headings within your writing can assist you in organizing your thoughts more successfully. For more information about using heading, please click here.



Writing the Final Paper
The paper

  • Must be five to seven double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style
  • Must include a separate title page with the following:
    • A header
    • Title of paper
    • Student’s name
    • Course name and number
    • Instructor’s name
    • Date submitted
  • Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
  • Must utilize academic voice.
  • Must paraphrase material, avoiding direct quotes.
    • Minimal quotes are used within the writing. (No more than 2-3 sentences.). Synthesize your wording.
  • Must address the topic with critical thought.
  • Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms the thesis.
  • Additional scholarly sources are encouraged. Be sure to integrate your research smoothly rather than simply inserting it.
    • The Scholarly, Peer Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment.
  • Must document all sources in APA style as outlined here and here.
  • Must include a separate reference page that is formatted according to APA style.
  • Must be submitted to Grammarly for review and correction prior to submitting.

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Running Head: STRESS ULCERATION Stress Ulceration Melissa Hernandez PSY101: Introduction to Psychology Instructor John Long 1 STRESS ULCERATION 2 Annotated Bibliography: Stress Ulceration Peptic Ulcers also referred to as ulcers of the stomach, or gastric ulceration which is a breaking down of the stomach lining that is typically protected by a mucosal film. The stomach develops wounds that cause upper and lower abdominal pain which may improve with eating. The patient may also experience a burning sensation and lose appetite. There are various causes of peptic ulcers such as the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tobacco smoking and stress. This paper is a review of previously conducted studies on peptic ulcers and particularly stress as the causative factor. It includes an annotated bibliography and a conclusion summarizing the main points as well as the thesis statement. Severe stress is identified as the cause of acute peptic ulcers in this journal article by Breckenridge et al. Six cases are presented in the paper with varying perforations and extensive ulceration. Another important aspect presented in the paper is that the patients experienced different forms of stress which lead to varying levels of intensity in the way the perforations took place. The researchers compiled information, and the results showed that a reduction of stress by incorporation of various lifestyle changes was an essential ingredient in curbing the extensive perforations and mucosal bleeding. This information further emphasizes on the action and effect of stress on peptic ulceration. It is a significant source for the research since it even gives real examples of six individuals suffering the effects of stress related ulceration. A survey was conducted by Daley et al. to find out the current trends or prevention of stress ulceration. For the study, a total of two thousand random physicians from the Society of Critical Care Medicine participated in the survey. The primary objective of the study was to identify the pharmacologic methods for stress ulceration prevention, the current level of knowledge concerning critical care for peptic ulcers for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). STRESS ULCERATION 3 After completion of the study, the results suggested that the occurrence of stress-related mucosal bleeding was a relatively uncommon disease but that the application of a stress ulceration prophylaxis risk stratification program for ICU patients was crucial. This study is essential for research since it gives the current trends in use for the prevention of peptic ulceration caused by stress. Methods used for the study are both qualitative and quantitative, and it targeted many participants giving its credibility. In fact, it even specialized on the intensive care unit patients who are often neglected when it comes to stress-related peptic ulcers. Das and Banerjee were successful in finding out that the antioxidant enzymes caused ulceration whenever they were under stress. This is a breakthrough since the stress is now attached to a mechanism meaning that by reducing stress then the antioxidant enzymes will not cause ulceration. However, the study was done on rats meaning that even though it might be successful, it might fail in human beings. Despite this limitation, the study may still have a shot at the human gastric system and propose ways of dealing with stress and its effect on the antioxidant enzymes. For instance, from the results employing of antioxidants such as glutathione before the onset of stress helps in significantly reducing the occurrence ulcer. The paper was critical in discussing how the action of antioxidant enzymes is affected by stress and how this phenomenon can be controlled. Nonetheless, the challenge would know when stress will occur which then prompts the administration of the antioxidant. On the other hand, this literature shows that stress does indeed have a negative effect on the body and is a primary source of ulceration. Perforation of the stomach is caused by extended administration of corticotrophin per the study conducted by Gray et al. (1951). The objective of the survey was to exemplify that the prolonged use and application of corticotrophin increases acidity causing mucosal bleeding and STRESS ULCERATION 4 perforation of the stomach. Hormonal action and mechanism mediated by the adrenal gland were revealed to be a contributing factor to the holes in the stomach since the mechanism was altered by the existence of chronic stress by the patient. In summary, chronic stress both emotional and physical was observed to lead to a series of reactions assisted by the action of the pituitary gland and corticotrophin and eventual ulceration of the stomach. This paper is essential in explaining how stress causes ulcers and what factors attribute to the ulceration. It is a necessary scholarly piece to use in the research of stress related ulcers. Since it is a peer reviewed source, it also increases its credibility. In ‘Mechanism of stress ulcer,' Rene and Masters offer a detailed account of what happens before the stomach is broken down and thus the occurrence of ulcers. In this account, the cause of stress related ulceration is acute gastric mucosal energy shortage attributed to shockinduced mucosal ischemia. A succession of laboratory experiments was completed to verify the hypothesis and rabbits were used to demonstrate how a shortfall in energy of gastric mucosal metabolism lead to hemorrhage. The tests were done both with and without the concomitant administration of the α-adrenergic blocking agent. From the results, the influence of α-adrenergic blockade on stress ulceration and gastric mucosal energy metabolism is positive meaning that it hampered the process and thus prevented to a certain extent the occurrence of stress ulceration. This piece of literature was rather detailed in showing how the mechanism of stress related ulcers happened and provided a way to prevent the frequency of this phenomenon. It illustrates how understanding the disease will pave the way for more solutions to be invented. For that motive, it is vital to the research of the stress related ulceration. However, the fact that the experiments were carried out on rabbits means that they may either be successful or fail in human beings which are one limitation of this study. STRESS ULCERATION 5 Stress causes ulcers is research that will study how stress disrupts, blocks and alters normal body reactions causing perforation of the stomach lining. Some of the information and knowledge will be adopted from previously conducted experiments, tests and surveys as established in the annotated bibliography. The primary research question will be how does stress cause ulcers in human beings? In conclusion, the subject will be approached from a different angle whereby the analysis will begin with the action within the body before and after chronic stress. STRESS ULCERATION 6 References Breckenridge, M., Walton, E., & Walker, W. (1959). Stress Ulcers in the Stomach. BMJ, 2(5163), 1362-1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.5163.1362 Daley, R., Rebuck, J., Welage, L., & Rogers, F. (2004). Prevention of stress ulceration: Current trends in critical care. Critical Care Medicine, 32(10), 2008-2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000142398.73762.20 Das, D., & Banerjee, R. (1993). Effect of stress on the antioxidant enzymes and gastric ulceration. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 125(2), 115-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00936440 Gray, S. (1951). Chronic Stress and Peptic Ulcer. Journal of the American Medical Association, 147(16), 1529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1951.03670330021007 Menguy, R., & Masters, Y. (1978). Mechanism of stress ulcer. The American Journal of Digestive Diseases, 23(6), 493-497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01072692
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Topic: Case Study on Death and Dying


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Running Head: CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING

Case Study on Death and Dying
Name
Institutional Affiliation

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CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING

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CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING
Abstract
Different religions have different worldviews and understanding of the components that
make life and also the concept of death. The rule changes depending on the religion and cultural
beliefs. In this essay two religions have been explored and their differences on different aspects
revealed. Christianity and Buddhism are two parallel religions that differ greatly in their
understanding of life and death. However, these differences have been discussed and laid side by
side for effective comparison. It is important to note that the study was done with healthcare in
mind such that health professionals are encouraged to acknowledge the religions their patients
ascribe to.

CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING

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CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING
Introduction
In a world where people possess the freedom to choose their preferred religion and form
of worship, there exists a myriad of worldviews and belief systems. These difference in culture,
religion, and belief has led to a different in the way human beings understand the world and also
the concept of death. Moreover, there is a connection between healthcare and the various
religions since in healthcare human are exposed to different aspects of life such as the threat of
death. However, it is both crucial and necessary for health professionals to understand the
different beliefs and religions held by their patients and their family members so that they are
better versed to help them in their time of recovery or some instances the death of a loved one.
By doing so, a holistic view that includes mental, emotional and spiritual health is administered
to individuals according to their religion. In the comparison between two religions, Christianity
and Buddhism, this paper will explore the differences and similarities of the two and attempt to
explain various influences the beliefs have on individuals.
Brief Overview of Christianity and Buddhism
Christianity is a monotheistic religion that is a product of Judaism since the central
feature, Jesus Christ, was a Jew (Holy Bible, 1611). The religion focuses a lot on the birth, death
and resurrection of Jesus Christ and Christians believe that he will come back for them and take
them to heaven (Holy Bible, 1611). To this end, the followers are the people who follow the laws
in the Bible as taught by Jesus while still on earth. Moreover, the faithful followers are entitled to
rewards by residing in heaven and the gift of eternal life. On the other hand, the unfaithful

CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING
followers will face eternal persecution in a place referred to as hell where a lake of fire will
continuously burn the sinful.
Conversely, Buddhism is a religion that is adopted from the word Buddha which means
to awaken. To many this belief system is considered more than a religion and perceived more as
a way of life, a philosophy to live by. It is also concerned a lot with the gaining of peace from a
personal and general point of view, inequality and injustice in the world (Buddhist Bible, 1956).
Similarly, the religion can be traced back to a human being who was called Siddhartha Gotama
who was unsatisfied by trying to find happiness and material things and thus searched for the
truth in the teachings available. This search led him to compile the truth concerning life and the
purpose of life.
CHRISTIANITY
What is a prime reality?
Prime reality can be referred to like the foundation on which the beliefs of an individual
are anchored. In the case of Christianity, the prime reality is God. God is the prime reason for
existence and Christians continually strive to bring him glory and honor (Kanitz, 2005).
What is the nature of the world around us?
According to the Christian worldview, nature can be described as the material world
around us which was created by a God who is unseen. Both the seen and unseen elements of the
universe are a product of work by God and thus are all intertwined. Christianity is concerned
with the whole person as well as the world around them.
What is a human being?

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CASE STUDY ON DEATH AND DYING

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A human being a person made in the image of God (Kanitz, 2005). According to the
Bible, God made man and woman, and he made them in his likeness such that they have his traits
and characteristics such as the capacity to love and such like qualities. He also gave them
dominion over the creation and placed them under their care.
What happens to a person at death?
Several passages in the Bible answer this question by pointing out that the...


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