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Malware

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Malware
Malware is a name used to describe a variety of malicious software that include
viruses. Cyber attackers usually develop this malicious software to cause computer damage to
an organization's data and systems to gain unauthorized access to their network. Malware is
usually spread through emails and links, and once a computer user clicks on the link, the
malware gets into their systems. Malware has been a cyber threat to organizations and
individuals since 1970 when the first creeper virus appeared (Vinayakumar,2019). Ever since,
cyber attackers have developed a thousand malware intending to cause damages and
disruption. Most cyber criminals use this malware to hijack an organization's data and
demand ransom from the respective organization to access their system back. Cybercriminals
are becoming more sophisticated in their methods of coding this malware. Below are some of
the common malware types and their definitions.
A virus is the most common type of malware. This malicious code act like a
biological virus. It would attach itself to a clean code causing damage to the functionality of a
system, locking users out from their computers, and corrupting their files. A worm is a
malware that spreads from one computer and can spread to the entire network if not
addressed quickly. Spyware is a malware designed to attach itself to a computer device
illegally and take users' information without them noticing, just as the name suggests. Trojans
is a malware that attacks legitimate software rendering it defenseless against other malware
variants, and lastly, Ransomware is malware that locks out users from their respective
systems. Usually, big organizations are affected by this malware, and cybercriminals use it to
demand heavy ransom to let respective organizations get back their systems. An organization
needs to be aware of all these vulnerabilities to develop an effective framework to protect
them from this malware spread.

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For an organization to effectively protect their data, they need to address their access
control policy. One of the questions an organization must address is how they will determine
who can access their data. Compan...