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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2
ANSWERS MUST BE AT LEAST 150 WORDS OR MORE.
#1
Compare how the endocrine system responds when it is under stress with when it is at rest.
#3
Discuss the importance of lymphocytes and describe where they are found in the body.
#5
Distinguish the role of the various components of the digestive system, and discuss how ingested materials move through the digestive tract
#6
Analyze what constitutes a balanced diet, and support why this is important. List a vegan lunch menu that includes all the amino acids necessary for a vegetarian diet.
Explanation & Answer
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Surname1
Anatomy and Physiology.
Name:
Course:
Professor:
19th May 2017.
Surname2
Anatomy and Physiology.
1)
Compare how the endocrine system responds when it is under stress
with when it is at rest.
When the body is under stress, the endocrine system increases the release of
corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus and sympathetic stimulation of
adrenal medulla.CRH stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the
anterior pituitary. This in turn stimulates the secretion of hormone cortisol from the adrenal
cortex. The sympathetic stimulation of adrenal medulla stimulates the secretion of epinephrine
and nor epinephrine. Both epinephrine and cortisol lead to the increase of blood glucose levels
and the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue and the liver. Their release also lead to the
tissues not taking up the glucose readily hence making the glucose available primarily for the
nervous system. The cardiac muscles, skeletal muscles and other tissues use the fatty acid for
energy generation. Epinephrine and sympathetic stimulation lead to increased cardiac output,
increased blood pressure and its action on the central nervous system leads to increased alertness
and aggressiveness while Cortisol leads to decreased initial inflammatory response. The
endocrine system secretes regulatory hormones into the circulatory system, causing
physiological effect at a distant site. During period of rest, the endocrine system secretes
hormones that play the following: Digestive function Insulin hormones produced by the
endocrine pancreas are produced during rest. This causes mopping away of excess glucose from
blood into liver for storage as glycogen. It is also during rest that there is increased body
sensitivity to ghrelin hormones that is responsible for food initiation and aggravates obesity.
Together with the ...
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