RFID paper writing, computer science homework help

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Research Paper - RFID in Bank Sector

write a paper on RFID in Banking Sector

Each student is required to research and collect data and information regarding an RFID system that can be integrated into a specific business process to solve a problem in their individual industry, career or field of study. The paper does not require the researcher/author to include a significant amount of technical data about the system, but rather information about the business justification, planning, purchasing, installing, and maintaining of the system. The paper should include: Cover Page, Abstract, Table of Contents, Main Body, References and Attachments. A paper Should have at least 8 to 12 pages. Title page, table of contents and reference page not included in 8-12 pages. And need 8 references.

  • An Introduction– specific description of the business problem that the RFID system will be used to improve or enhance.
  • An overview of the chosen RFID system including:
    • Basics of the RFID components that were chosen
    • Any advances in RFID that are used in the system
    • Any Industry Standards that are used in the system
  • Benefits and/or disadvantages of the RFID system
  • Security concerns or practices associated with the RFID system
  • Impact of implementation - A description of administrative procedures – human and process changes; any Changes in Organization policies or enhancements to include training requirements
  • Appendices (Documentation could include: business case, project plan, etc

In this research paper and students are encouraged to look both inside and outside the box for gaining knowledge about RFID. Much of the information gathered will be through research and should be documented appropriately.

*Abstract, Introduction, Conclusion and Subheadings are mandatory

*No Plagiarism

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Running head: RFID Technology in Banking History RFID Technology in Banking Sector 1 Research Paper on RFID Technology 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4 BASIC COMPONENTS OF RFID.................................................................................................5 ADVANCES IN RFID TECHNOLOGY........................................................................................6 RFID STANDARDS IN BANKING SECTORS............................................................................7 STANDARDS IN RFID..................................................................................................................7 BENEFITS AND DISADVANTAGES IN RFID.........................................................................11 IMPACT OF IMPLICATION.......................................................................................................13 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15 DIAGRAM....................................................................................................................................11 APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................16 Research Paper on RFID Technology 3 ABSTRACT Banking sector is undergoing a rapid change with the development of technology. One of the simple and effective technologies used by banks is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Operational efficiency and data security can be improved in banking by using RFID technology. In RFID tags, radio signals are used to read or detect the data. In banking sector, RFID tags are attached to credit cards and in those tags data is stored which IT team to detect the information about customer uses. There are so many technological advancements in RFID systems. They are developed in all aspects like economic, social and security. In this paper, I would be discussing about the advancements, advantages and disadvantages of RFID technology and Standards of RFID. Research Paper on RFID Technology 4 INTRODUCTION In banking sector, banks are looking forward to using new technologies, which are modern for giving better service to their customers. Banking sector is undergoing a rapid change with the development of technology. One of the simple and effective technologies used by banks is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Operational efficiency and data security can be improved in banking by using RFID technology. (O'Connor, M. (2014). ) In pre-ATM days, personal banking has to be done in banks with a banker directly. But after the credit cards and debit cards were introduced most of the problems in banking sector were solved. But there was lack of security for the information of customers who uses credit/debit cards. These problems have been solved after introducing RFID tags in banking sector. They provide security and they are easy to install on cards, as the RFID tags are so minute. (O'Connor, M. (2014). ) Security and privacy are the most important factors that can be improved by introducing RFID tags in banking sector. Nowadays banks are starting to implement RFID in their day-today activities that need human monitoring in terms of accounting. Here, issues like keeping track of the client’s assets, managing credit card security, and to keep the tools and inventory up to date. By using RFID tags or chips in banking sector human errors will be reduced. (O'Connor, M. (2014). ) Basic Components of RFID System In RFID tags, radio signals are used to read or detect the data. In banking sector, RFID tags are attached to credit cards and in those tags data is stored which IT team to detect the information about customer uses. Of the many major parts of the system the tag acts as a Research Paper on RFID Technology 5 transmitter, the reader; acting as a receptor and the database keeps track of the movements of both the transmitter and receiver. Tag: Just like a key to a lock, a tag is the part of the RFID system that communicated with the reader and thereby with the database. This technique uses radio waves and is categorized into active, passive and semi-active tags. Presence of a battery to accommodate the power used by these tags determines its category. Here we use semi active tags. Semi passive or active tags are the tags that have power supply, which is only used to power the internal circuitry. Reader: RFID readers basically read the data form tags. Readers of RFID read the data from tags and send the data to backend system. These readers are classified into two categories. One being only read i.e. can only read the information on the tags and read/write, which can both, read and write information to the tags. Read-only readers can only read the tag’s data. Read/write tags are used to read data in tags and write the data in tags. Backend System: Backend systems receive data from the reader that read from RFID tags. Advances in RFID Technology There are so many technological advancements in RFID systems. They are developed in all aspects like economic, social and security. Some of the top emerging factors of technology in RFID systems is discussed below. Research Paper on RFID Technology • 6 Technological Advancements: There are so many advantages by technological advancements in any system. In the same way, there are some advantages due to technology advancements in RFID technology. More complicated and exciting applications can be used easily. These advancements offer more functionality to RFID systems. • Tags which are new and improved: Developments in RFID tags are evolving continuously and it is an ongoing process. Alternative tag designs, tag packaging and sensory tags are the new tags developed in RFID systems. In recent days, research is going on to develop chip less RFID tags, which promises upon improving physical limitations. Tag packaging improves the creativity and ingenuity of RFID systems. RFID Standards in Banking Sector Introducing RFID technology has reduced human effort in banking sectors. Radio waves are used as mode of communication in RFID tags. So, banks should follow some standards to keep the information of customers and bank safe. There is a chance of leakage of all the protocol rules of banks to public. There are three standardizing layers in RFID. Data link, Physical and Application layers are those three. These standards will make sure that all the information is shared accurately. ISO and EPC are the organizations that maintain the standards concerning the RFID technology developments. EPC was approved in both class-1 and class-2 in 2006 (Huang, 2009). Proximity cards are an area, which is useful for the banking sector. Here, credit cards, debit cards Research Paper on RFID Technology 7 and all forms of payment can be upgraded to use this technology. This is similar to NFC in iPhones and Microsoft Lumia phones. Standards in RFID In modern days technology has been growing very rapidly and simultaneously the problems. The main problem that is the security issue. How much ever, the IT is striving to develop tools which are used to secure and protect data there are some people breaking the code already. Most of the nations like USA, depends on Banking Sectors which is clearly depicting that Banking sectors are more prone to risk. RFID is the most efficient technology which works with Radio Frequency. (Mital, 2003)Banks now are choosing RFID tags to secure the data and have a track of their IT assets and all the credit cards. They started using the proximity cards which also known as proxy cards with low frequency 125 kHz. It has credentials that feature an embedded metallic antenna coil that stores cardholder data. Data stored on a proximity card, key fob or tag can be detected by a reader when the proximity card is passed within range. (Garfinkel & Rosenberg, 2006) In ISO/IEC 14443 credit cards have standards which are classified into 4: • Part1 [ISO/IEC 14443-1:2000(E)], • Part2 [ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001(E)], (Mital, T., (n.d.)) • Part3 [ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001(E)], • Part4 [ISO/IEC 14443-4:2001(E)]. (Garfinkel & Rosenberg, 2006) (A summary of RFID standards) There are three layers included in the RFID namely The Data Link Layer where it is used to keep a track of the tags where protocols exist, checks the content of the data and initialize the content data. There is also some deals with the tags but reads the communications related to the Research Paper on RFID Technology 8 RFID. There are no major International standards in RFID but they are broken into different fields and then the Standards are made. It will be beneficial if the whole RFID has some International Standards. But RFID in this sector this is based on the ISO, IPC, ETSI, and FCC. (Mital, 2003) Standards of ISO For Proximity Cards: Cards: ISO/IEC 14443 Proximity In this section, the range is the primary part. In this the card will be maximum with efficient frequency even works in few inches. We use such cards for the money transactions might be credit or debit. This card is highly secured by the pass codes, signatures or security codes. For such cases, the security usage will be limited. (Mital, 2003) ISO 15693 Smart Cards: ISO/IEC 15693 systems operate at the 13.56 MHz frequency, and offer maximum read distance of 1–1.5 meters. As the vicinity cards have to operate at a greater distance, the necessary magnetic field is less (0.15 to 5 A/m) than that for a proximity card (1.5 to 7.5 A/m). This can also have used by the credit or debit cards which are about 28 inches of antenna. (Mital, 2003) ISO/IEC 14443 Proximity Cards. In proximity cards these have a range of about 13.56 MHz which is almost close the reader antenna. As already discussed it is of 4 parts Research Paper on RFID Technology • 9 Part1[ISO/IEC 14443-1:2000(E)] In this section, the size of the particular will be defined based on the standards. The card must have threshold limit without causing any permanent damage. The stress for the card might be any intentional or unintentional works where environment or any physical stress damages the card. The temperate ≤ 50 degrees. (Richardson) (A summary of RFID standards) • Part 2[ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001(E)]: In this section, it is all about the signals and radio frequencies. The data with the combination of the signaling is defined. In this the directional rate is almost 106KBits/s where the communication is half duplex. In this there is no battery required but it works under the radio frequency. In this the data is transmitted by the card. • Part3 [ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001(E)]: In this there are two parts subs divided in this like Past A and Part B. In this it helps to non-collisions of the frequencies. It has a multiprotocol reader. This completes the transactions and has some polling commands and waits for the major responses. (Richardson) • Part4 [ISO/IEC 14443-4:2001(E)]: This is the major protocol where there is a high-level of data transmission. This is mainly adopted by the banking sectors as this is the convention are decretory in ISO. This is the highly used even where a new threat has been discovered through Spoofing Identity which occurs when an attacker successfully poses as an authorized user of a system. Listed below are spoofing threats. A competitor or thief performs an unauthorized inventory of a store by scanning RFID EPC tags with an unauthorized reader to determine the types and quantities of items. An Research Paper on RFID Technology 10 unauthorized reader can query the tag for the EPC number because most tags used in the supply chain respond to any reader. The EPC number is only a number. However, because of the standard way of creating an EPC number, an attacker can determine the manufacturer and possibly the product number. It is likely that the number assigned to all manufacturers will become public knowledge as well as the product number after some short period of time. By incorporation of [ISO/IEC 14443-4:2001(E)] standards their threats can be reversed. (Garfinkel & Rosenberg, 2006) (A summary of RFID standards) TAGS NO TAGS TAGS TAGS RFID COLLISION STANDARDS NO COLLISIONS COLLISIONS IDENTIFIED Research Paper on RFID Technology 11 Benefits and Disadvantages of RFID • Enhanced customer service, Courier tracking, maintain payment programs, and solutions to human effort for inventory maintenance in the banks. • Along with the advantages, there are few concerns in RFID technology. • Like any other technology, RFID has its disadvantages. Few problems with RFID standards can cause loss to banking organizations. • Electromagnetic systems can disrupt radio waves and as RFID id working in close proximity to EM waves, it will be important to install hardware to overcome this problem. • Signals can cause collision in reader data when they overlap with each other. Then the tags are unable to respond to the queries sent by the users. • RFID tag can’t be removed easily. This may cause inconvenience to the users, as they are very small to remove. (Problems With RFID. (2012). ) • Using high gain antennas may be a solution that can be provided easily but will be a new prick for the customers. • Like a social security number having our details, a serial number should be associated with the tag and having the specific information. • Buy authentication using mobile devices, the transaction should be completed (Huang, 2009). RFID technology adoption in banking and Credit cards. The chip in the credit card acts as a tag and is activated in the vicinity of a reader. This is a more robust and safer way to make financial transactions. In typical credit cards, the probability of theft of information is more. Research Paper on RFID Technology 12 To mitigate this Europe pay, Master card and Visa implemented a chip technology. The latest technology is similar to apple pay but using a traditional credit card. In this technology, banks are using new and modern technologies for providing the better service to the customers. With the development of these technologies in banking sector, Commercial banking is undergoing rapid change. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of the simple techniques used in banks. RFID improves both operational efficiency and data security. Using RFID reduces waiting time of the customers and this is the primary reason banks are adopting RFID technology. The RFID tags used in credit are chip contained. Chip tags contain an integrated circuit chip which is minute in size. Despite of the current cost of RFID tags, many banking organizations have begun implementing this technology. Security and privacy are the major aspects that revolve around the RFID tags. The personal and banking data can be processed of person who uses the RFID tagged credit or debit cards. The tags on the cards would enable information to be recorded about each transaction of the person. Impact of Implementation Most important application of RFID technology in banking industry is in the field of cheques issuing in between each bank. When a bank issues a cheque for a customer and referring the customer to the destination banks, there, a high level of care is needed for checking the signature and code number of order cheque. This process is one of the most difficult processes in banking sector. After checking the order cheque, bank official should check with the source bank to check the accuracy of the amount on cheque and code number. After that the cheque is confirmed and money is issued to customer. All of it is a time-consuming process. But if RFID tags are placed on cheques then there is no need of cross checking with the source banks. If the RFID tag is placed in front of a reader system, the entire customer’s information will be visible Research Paper on RFID Technology 13 and it enhances easy work and safety work in banks. By placing RFID tags on cheques ensures safety of the cheque to large extent and there will separate code on each cheque. Each tag on cheque contains information about the total money; check issuer and dates related to that particular cheque. In the same way as cheques, RFID tags should be installed on banking documents also. Information on the document like date of issuance, code or serial number, information of the owner etc., can be entered instantaneously by reading the RFID tag on the documents. This ensures the accuracy of the document and probability of cheating will be decreased to a large extent. Operational speed of banking increases if RFID tags are used on the documents of banks. Facilities to the customers can be improved by using RFID technology. Tracking and tracing of the missed information can be done when RFID technology is used in the banking sector. This feature is helpful not only for customers but also for banks itself. Missed documents can cause severe losses to the banks. If RFID tags are installed on banking documents they can found easily and the information on those documents has already been saved in computer systems. All these developments are modern and can be done by using latest technical equipment and systems. All the bank employees should be trained how to use these systems related to RFID technology. All the systems in banking sector should be replaced by new systems, which can read RFID tags. New door systems where they can read customers credit or debit card details and pass that information to the available customer take care personnel. RFID readers should be installed along with the computers in banks so that they can read the tags on cheques or documents provided by customer. Special training programs should be conducted for the employees to learn the usage of new technical systems. Research Paper on RFID Technology 14 Conclusion In this paper, RFID technology standards explaining its importance have been discussed. RFID technology solves most of the problems in banking sector regarding security issues. But every technology has some loop holes so as in RFID technology. Research has been going on and new advancements are evolving in RFID technology. Research Paper on RFID Technology 15 Appendix Sl. Project part name Start date Due date 1 Project scope July 10th 2016 August, 6th 2016 2 Analyzing the customer integration rate July, 17th 2016 August, 12th 2016 3 Testing the systems capabilities July, 26th 2016 August, 18th 2016 4 Improving the existing platform to meet July, 26th 2016 August, 24th 2016 no the current requirements 5 Classifying the various banks July, 15th 2016 August, 30th 2016 6 Managing the new environment July, 17th 2016 Sept, 14th 2016 7 Social acceptance drive July, 20th 2016 Sept, 21th 2016 8 Analyzing feedback from the pilot July, 26th 2016 Sept, 28th 2016 customers July, 28th 2016 9 Modifications to the project 10 Employing maintenance staff for all the July, 30th 2016 Sept, 30th 2016 Oct, 6th 2016 banks 11 Allocating datacenters for the databases July, 16th 2016 Oct, 16th 2016 newly built with card data 12 Frequent checks July, 16th 2016 Oct, 26th 2016 13 Mass implementation July, 16th 2016 Oct, 30th 2016 Research Paper on RFID Technology 16 References Huang, C. (2009). An Overview of RFID Technology, Application, and Security/Privacy Threats And Solutions. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://cryptography.gmu.edu/~jkaps/download.php?docid=1287 Requirements of ISO/IEC 14443 Type B Proximity Contactless Identification Cards. (2012). Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://www.atmel.com/images/doc2056.pdf O'Connor, M. (2014). Financial Consortium Publishes RFID Standards for IT Assets. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://www.rfidjournal.com/articles/view?4520 Problems With RFID. (2012). Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Technology-Article.asp?ArtNum=20 Advantages and Disadvantages of RFID Technology. (2009). Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-rfid-technology.html . Garfinkel, S. and Rosenberg, B., Eds., RFID: Applications, Security, and Privacy, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Addison-Wesley, 2006. Retrieved August 12, 2016 Mital, T., “The emergence of RFID,” M.S. project, BAUER College of Business, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 2003. Retrieved August 12, 2016 Research Paper on RFID Technology 17 Available: http://www.uhisrc.com/ FTB/RFID/RFID%20Sep03.pdf Richardson-Electronics, “RFID”. Available: http://www.ferret.com.au/Showcases/RichardsonElectronics/114211. Retrieved August 12, 2016 “A summary of RFID standards,” RFID Journal. Available: http://www.rfidjournal.com. Retrieved August 12, 2016
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Running head: RFID Technology

RFID Technology in Banking Sector

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RFID Technology

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF RFID........................................................................................5
ADVANCES IN RFID TECHNOLOGY........................................................................................6
STANDARDS IN RFID..................................................................................................................7
BENEFITS AND DISADVANTAGES IN RFID.........................................................................8
IMPACT OF IMPLICATION........................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................11

RFID Technology

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ABSTRACT

In the current world, it has there has been the rapid progress of microchip technology that
has resulted in changes in various industries. A lot of business has adopted automation
identification technology with RFID being an example of the most used automation technology.
RFID has become popular in different industries due to its ability to fit well in sensitive places
like the banking industries. In pursuit of ensuring that industries like banking are giving their
customers better services, they have resorted to using modern technology. This paper is aimed at
looking deeply into this technology utilization in the banking sector and how it has made the
banking system more efficient.

RFID Technology

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INTRODUCTION

Safety has become paramount in the 21st century, and people have become more
concerned with their safety as compared to 19th and 20th century. New technology is replacing
the old concepts and has continued to be custom modified according to the requirement of the
people and institutions. Technologists have tried to come up with new security arrangements that
will assure people of their safety whenever they are. The banking sector has nee been left behind
in the process of evolving to provide the best level security scheme possible. Both urban and
rural regions in our social safety have become a major event to the masses, and the population is
trying to seek services from the banking institutions. (Sarlak et. al, 2011)
Due to the sensitive nature of the banking industry, people may try to cheat or steal
money among other properties, and in the event endangering investment made to ensure such
facilities are running. The banking sector has sought to install security features that will help in
securing the services. Many types of security systems have been made available in the market
that utilizes different types of sensor. The sensor has been made in such a way that they will
detect any change occurring in the surrounding; this change is later processed, and an alert is
given according to the settings made (Sarlak et. al, 2011). In this case, data is stored in Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, which are located in the smart card. The data stored in
RFID can be read using radio signal which transmits it to a suitable reader for presentation. This
data is later sent to an information technology system where is processed further (Curran,
2012).

RFID Technology

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Before the introduction of RFID technology and use in different industries, it was first
successfully used in the world war II by Royal Airforce. The technology was instrumental in
differentiating between friendly and enemy's aircraft. The application today has been made with
reference from the same communication between RFID tag and reader. In the banking sectors
and other fields. Radio signal communicates with a reader nearby, informing of a serial number
stored on the tag and the tag is identified uniquely (Sarlak et. al, 2011).
Due to the popularity of electronic exchanges in today’s world. Banking sectors and other
institutions have resorted to taking advantages of the new development in the commercial
methods of electronic commerce. Technology and the knowledge that people are acquiring today
has led to this institution considering electronics way of doing things. The technology has
however not been comprehensive in particular places as it should be, especially in the third world
countries. Provision of software and other components needed for the success of full
implementation of this technology has proved to be a challenge. There must be more attention to
the technical training so as to benefits as much banking facilities as possible. Other problems in
the implementation have been the cultural background of different society, where some don’t
perceive the importance of an automated solution to the analog way of doing things. Motivation
and constant exposure are needed to encourage more industries and more people who have not
adapted the system to give it a chance.
In the particular society, the employees of the banking sector might be trained and ready
to implement the technology, but the community is still new to the system. It is therefore
advisable that during implementation, banks should not completely do away with physical
places. The two should be combined until every employee, and at least larger percent of the

RFID Technology

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clients are conversant with the technology. The traditional customer might rely on the traditional
way of doing things as the staff continues to enlighten them. (Lee, 2016).
Essential components of RFID System
The radio frequency Identification (RFID) system is made up of three building blocks.
The antenna which is also referred to as a coil. RF tag ( a transponder that has been programmed
electronically with individual information), a transceiver (which comes together with a decoder)
and backend System,Backend systems receive data from the reader that read from RID tags
(Tavana, 2014).
Antenna
The antenna has three essential functions in the whole system, emitting radio signal so as to
activate the card, read and write data.
RFID tag
The reader on the other hands emits radio waves in a range of between one inch to 100 feet. The
range can be more, depending on the power output and the radio frequency that is in use. A
reader has an electromagnetic zone that detects reader activation code whenever the RFID tag
passes on it.
Reader
The third component' work, Reader, is to decode information that is encoded in the Tag silicon
chip and pass the information to the host computer for the last stage of processing.
Backend System:

RFID Technology

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Backend systems work is to receive data from the reader that read from RFID tags.
RFID system enables the data to be transmitted using a portable device known as...


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