Discussion: Yin and Stake Case Study Philosophical Worldviews Robert Yin and Robert Stake are two major voices in the field of qualitative research, but they also have differing philosophical orientations. Yin’s work, with its post-positivist perspective, has been most commonly represented, with Stake’s constructivist approach less so. Many of the design decisions you make will be determined by the philosophical orientation—post-positivist or constructivist—you employ for your Doctoral Study. See if your philosophical orientation is more aligned with Yin or Stake, or perhaps a combination of both. To prepare for this Discussion, review this week’s Required Readings that include the different perspectives of Yin and Stake and consider which one is most appropriate to your work as an independent scholar and doctoral researcher. Post an assessment of the alignment between professional and academic worldviews within your doctoral research. In your assessment, do the following: Describe whether your perspective as a qualitative doctoral researcher more closely aligns with either Yin or Stake’s worldview. Be sure to include illustrative examples of this alignment.Explain your rationale for your choice, including providing at least one scholarly resource to support your rationale Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2015). Research methods for business students (7th ed.). Essex, England: Pearson Education Unlimited. Chapter 14, Section 14.9, “Oral Presentation of the Report” (pp. 663–666) Yazan, B. (2015). Three approaches to case study methods in education: Yin, Merriam, and Stake. The Qualitative Report, 20 (2), 134–152. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR20/2/yazan1.pdf

Part 1The Department of Homeland Security, created in 2002, created the second largest government agency in the country (second only to the Department of Defense). The creation of this agency was highly controversial in the United States Congress for two primary reasons. First, the cost of administration of the new agency immediately created a new, huge financial obligation of the government that did not exist previously and, secondly, the new agency became an "umbrella" agency that managed twenty-two previously autonomous agencies already assigned the basic mission directives of security within the United States. Are these alleged criticisms valid, or did a new need exist?Part 2The living will is a relatively new doctrine and instrument in the English Common Law. The living will is a creation of necessity that came about due to the huge and unforeseeable medical advances that occurred in the 20th century due primarily to technological breakthroughs. Prior to this time, the common law allowed an individual to make her medical decisions only during such time as she was physically competent to do so. If and when such competency ended, the law imposed a strict protocol of persons to whom the duty of decision-making would fall. No allowances were made for what we now call advance directives. Is this an improvement of the law or do living wills and advance directives create more problem than they solve? Please use a concrete example to support your argument.