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Grading Criteria and Rubric
| Assignment 1 Grading Criteria | Maximum Points |
| Identify a minimum of three different naturally occurring phenomena that are typically responsible for natural disasters and analyze the potential impact of the disaster. | 104 |
| Analyze ways different Web sites monitor phenomena by critiquing available Web resources. Analysis should include topics such as geography, resources, political/economic issues, and disaster preparedness. | 104 |
| Summarize and discuss future projections on humanity regarding the use of technology. Include research on political and economic issues. | 28 |
| Writing Components: | 64 |
| Total: | 300 |
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Explanation & Answer
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Running head: NATURAL PHENOMENA
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Natural Phenomena
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Institution
NATURAL PHENOMENA
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Natural Phenomena
Earthquake
An earthquake happens when the earth’s surface shakes as a result of an immediate
release of energy in the world’s lithosphere (Brooks, & Neil, Adger, 2013). This tremor of the
earth creates seismic waves. Earthquakes range in size. There are weak ones, those that cannot be
felt and there are some that are so violent that they can toss people around or even destroy large
cities. Earthquakes manifest by shaking, and the violent ones do displace the ground. They are
mostly caused by fracture of geological faults and by events such as volcanic activity, mine
blasts, landslides and also nuclear test. Wherever there is elastic strain energy enough to drive
fracture along fault plane a natural earthquake called tectonic occurs. Fault surfaces have the
harshness that forms a stick-slip behavior. When the fissure closes, there gradually develops
continued motion in between the plates and the energy builds up until such a time when the
closed fault cannot hold the stored energy. The energy is released. It heats the fault surface,
breaks the rock and causes an earthquake.
The main effects of the earthquakes include the ground rupture and the shaking of the
earth. It may cause severe damage to buildings and rigid structures. When an earthquake occurs
in the sea, it causes a tsunami. Such tsunami moves between 600 to 800 kilometers in one hour
depending on the depth of the water. Its effects can go as far as thousands of kilometers. It
overruns the coastal area and the neighboring towns causing massive destruction of property and
killing people. Earthquakes damage electrical power or even gas lines causing a fierce fire. It
causes injuries to humans and deaths. It destroys infrastructure such as roads, bridges, building.
NATURAL PHENOMENA
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Earthquakes cause many aftermath problems such as diseases, mental distress, and an increase in
insurance premiums.
Volcanic Eruption
A volcanic eruption occurs when lava, tephra and also other assorted gases eject out of a
volcanic fissure (Cameron, & Shah, 2015). Some volcanoes have one unique explosion type
while others display several types. There are three types of volcanic eruptions. One of these
eruptions is known as magmatic eruptions. It is the decompression of gas in between magma that
pushes it forward. The other type of explosion is Phreatomagmatic eruptions that occur as a
result of squeezing together of gas in between the magma. It is a direct opposite of magmatic
eruption. The last one is the phreatic eruption which occurs as a result of superheating of steam
through contact with magma. Volcanic eruptions are of two types; explosive eruption and also
effusive eruptions. Explosive eruptions are gas-driven explosives that push magma as well as
tephra. The volcanic eruption known as effusive is an outpouring of lava that does not have a
significant explosive eruption. These eruptions vary in strength. The effusive eruption, primarily
characterized by flows of lava fluid and lava fountains are not as dangerous as the Plinian
eruptions which are vast and violent. T...
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