Assessment 4 Instructions: ANOVA Application and InterpretationComplete an SPSS data analysis report using ANOVA for assigned variables.You’re starting to learn some important information about your data, but you still want to know more. It’s time for a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Unlike t-tests, which only allow for comparisons of two groups, ANOVA will allow you to examine potential group differences for variables with multiple levels.InstructionsComplete this assessment using the Data Analysis and Application Template [DOC] (also known as the DAA Template).Refer to IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Guide: One-Way ANOVA [PDF] for additional information on using SPSS for this assessment.Review the Copy/Export Output Instructions [PDF] for help copying SPSS output into your DAA Template.Use the Data Set Instructions [PDF] for information on the data setRefer to the Course Study Guide [PDF] for information on analyses and interpretation.The grades.sav file is a sample SPSS data set. The data represent a teacher's recording of student demographics and performance on quizzes and a final exam across three sections of the course. Each section consists of 35 students (N = 105). There are 21 variables in grades.sav.This assessment is on ANOVA. You will analyze the following variables in the grades.sav data set:SPSS Variables and DefinitionsSPSS VariableDefinitionSectionClass sectionQuiz3Quiz 3: number of correct answersStep 1: The Data Analysis PlanIn Step 1:Name the variables used in this analysis and whether they are categorical or continuous.State a research question, null hypothesis, and alternate hypothesis for the ANOVA.Step 2: Testing AssumptionsTest for one of the assumptions of ANOVA—normality.Create SPSS output showing the Shapiro-Wilk test of normality. Run the Shapiro-Wilk test on the dependent variable test for the entire sample. Do not split the data up by gender before running the normality test.Paste the table in the DAA.Interpret the Shapiro-Wilk test and how you determined whether the assumption of normality was met or violated.Step 3: Results and InterpretationIn Step 3:Paste the following SPSS tables into the document:Descriptives table.ANOVA table.Multiple Comparison table.Report the means and standard deviations of quiz3 for each group of the section variable.Report the results of the F test and interpret the statistical results against the null hypothesis and state whether it is accepted or rejected.Interpret the post-hoc tests (multiple comparisons), if the F is significant.Step 4: Statistical ConclusionsIn Step 4:Provide a brief summary of your analysis and the conclusions drawn about this ANOVA.Analyze the limitations of the statistical test and/or possible alternative explanations for your results.Step 5: ApplicationIn Step 5:Analyze how you might use the ANOVA in your field of study.Name an independent variable (IV) (the IV should have three or more groups or categories) and dependent variable (DV) that would work for such an analysis and why studying it may be important to the field or practice.Submit your DAA Template as an attached Word document in the assessment area.SoftwareThe following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:IBM SPSS Statistics Standard or Premium GradPack, version 24 or higher, for PC or Mac.You have access to the more robust IBM SPSS Statistics Premium GradPack.Please refer to the Statistical Software page on Campus for general information on SPSS software, including the most recent version made available to Capella learners.Make sure that your SPSS software is downloaded and installed with fully activated licensing on your computer and running properly within your operating system (PC or Mac). If you need help with these steps, refer to the SPSS Installation Helper.Competencies MeasuredBy successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:Competency 1: Analyze the computation, application, strengths, and limitations of various statistical tests.Analyze statistical assumptions.Competency 2: Analyze the decision-making process of data analysis.Articulate the data analysis plan.Competency 3: Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing.Interpret statistical results and hypotheses.Competency 4: Interpret the results of statistical analyses.Explain statistical conclusions, the limitations of the test, and possible alternative explanations.Competency 6: Apply the results of statistical analyses (your own or others') to your field of interest or career.Analyze the potential applications of the test in the field and their implications.Competency 7: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.Communicate in a manner that is scholarly and professional, and adheres to APA style and formatting.Resources: Course Study GuideThe Course Study Guide [PDF] highlights content to focus on as you read and absorb the materials. Review the “One-Way ANOVA Introduction” and “ANOVA Application” sections of the study guide for this assessment.Resources: ANOVAYou can do some reading on how to apply your knowledge of ANOVA and run some analyses in SPSS:George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 25 step by step: A simple guide and reference (15th ed.). Routledge.Chapter 12, "The One-Way ANOVA Procedure," pages 159–168.This chapter describes how to run an ANOVA in SPSS.The following will also help you prepare for your assessment:Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using SPSS: North American edition (5th ed.). Sage.Chapter 6, "The Beast of Bias".Chapter 12, "GLM 1: Comparing Several Independent Means".Review the information on post hoc procedures and output from one-way ANOVAs.

All of you have probably read quite a bit about the world’s wealthiest man—Bill Gates. But some of you are probably not nearly as familiar with Bill Gates’s main rival and world’s seventh wealthiest man, former Oracle CEO Larry Ellison. Ellison recently retired as Chief Executive officer (CEO) but is still active as the chair of Oracle’s board of directors. Unlike Gates, who is relatively reserved, Ellison is known for his extravagant lifestyle and boastful interviews. The rivalry between Ellison and Gates is legendary, but not quite as much is known about Ellison’s leadership style. He has been described as a “jerk,” and his managerial style has been described as “take no prisoners.” While he is unquestionably a powerful leader, he has also been criticized for spending a lot of time playing golf while leaving many leadership duties to his subordinates. For this assignment, read up on leadership traits, leadership behaviors, and leadership styles in the required background materials. Then read up on Larry Ellison and find as much as you can about his personality and leadership style. Finally, try to apply what you’ve read in the required background materials about leadership traits, behaviors, and styles to what you found out about Larry Ellison. Here are some articles to get you started on your research about Ellison: Hymowitz, C. (2005). Working fewer hours is hard for most CEOs, but some find a way. Wall Street Journal, p. B1. Retrieved from the Trident Online Library. Leibovich, M. (2000). The outsider, his business and his billions series: The new imperialists: Larry Ellison, oracle until himself. The Washington Post, p. A1. Retrieved from the Trident Online Library. Mendleson, R. (2010). Why it pays to be a jerk. Canadian Business, 83(18), 28-30, 32, 34. Retrieved from the Trident Online Library. Watch the following video: Fox Business. (2018, October 25). Larry Ellison: I had all the disadvantages necessary for success [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrZoRNSQSPw Case Assignment Once you are finished with your research on Ellison and have thoroughly reviewed the background materials on leadership traits, behaviors, and styles, write a 3-page paper (excluding title and references pages) to include 3 scholarly sources addressing the questions below. For each answer, make sure to cite at least one of the Case Assignment articles listed on this page as well as one of the required textbook chapters from the background materials from Hiriyappa (2009), or Bauer & Erdogan (2012). How would you describe Ellison’s leadership style? How would you describe Ellison’s personality and leadership traits? Would you describe Ellison’s behavior as being task-oriented, or people/relationship-oriented? Would you describe Ellison’s leadership style as diverse and inclusive? If so or if not, please explain your response. Please read the following chapter and complete the assignment based on the instructions below: Ferdman, B. M., & Deane, B. R. (2014). Chapter 10: The development of inclusive leadership practice and processes. In Diversity at work: The practice of inclusion. [Books24x7 version]. Available in the Trident Online Library. For the Session Long Project, you will be applying the concepts in the background materials to your own personal experiences in the workplace. For this first SLP assignment choose a supervisor that you personally worked for and got to know well and compare and contrast this supervisor’s leadership characteristics with your own personal leadership characteristics using the concepts from the required background materials. Carefully reflect on your supervisor’s traits, behaviors, and leadership styles. Then write a 2- to 3-page paper (excluding title page and References Page) to include 2 scholarly sources from the required and optional readings list and addressing the following issues: Overall, is your current role more of a leadership or a management role? How about your supervisor? What key differences in leadership behaviors do you see between yourself and your supervisor? Refer to the concepts of being task-oriented, or people-centered/relationship-oriented that are discussed in the required background materials. What key differences in leadership traits do you see between yourself and your supervisor? Refer to specific leadership traits discussed in the required textbook chapters. Would you describe your and your supervisor’s leadership style as diverse and inclusive? If so or if not, please explain your response.

Week 4: Teams and Teamwork, Leadership, and FollowershipAssume that you are working on a critical project. What are the factors that would lead to the success of this project? Aside from the contextual factors such as the timeline and resources available, there are interpersonal factors to consider.This week, you will learn about teamwork, motivation, and coaching skills. You will also learn about creative problem-solving abilities, various aspects of leadership, and different factors contributing to organizational development. In addition, the week will introduce you to utilitarian theory, which is the basic approach to understanding ethics and leadership.Learning ObjectivesStudents will:Examine and evaluate current trends of employee empowerment and team managementPhoto Credit: Rob Daly / Caiaimage / Getty ImagesLearning ResourcesRequired ReadingsCourse Text: The ethics of leadership by Joanne B. Ciulla Chapter 4, "Leadership for the Greatest Good"Chapter 4 focuses on the fundamental moral problems faced by the leaders. The chapter also explains Kant's theory of ethics and the utilitarian theory.Focus on the articles on utilitarianism and distributive justice and philosophy of Zarathustra and Lao Tzu. Review the subject-specific case studies.Course Text: Principle-centered leadership by Stephen R. Covey Chapter 14, "Abundance Managers"Chapter 14 explains the abundance mentality and various characteristics of abundance managers. The chapter also familiarizes you with the laws of the farm and harvest.Focus on the seven characteristics of abundance managers.Chapter 15, "Seven Chronic Problems"Chapter 15 focuses on the seven chronic organizational problems and their cures.Focus on the descriptions of chronic organizational problems.Chapter 16, "Shifting Your Management Paradigm"Chapter 16 focuses on how you can become more effective by changing your frame of reference. The chapter also explains ways to create harmony in your team.Focus on the four management paradigms—scientific management, human relations, human resource, and principle-centered leadership.Chapter 17, "Advantages of the PCL Paradigm"Chapter 17 provides information about the principle-centered leadership (PCL) paradigm.Focus on the four characteristics of the PCL paradigm.Chapter 18, "Six Conditions of Empowerment"Chapter 18 focuses on the six conditions of empowerment. The chapter also explains the human competencies that are required to build a trusting relationship between members of an organization.Focus on the win-win agreement.Chapter 19, "Managing Expectations"Chapter 19 explains the implications of conflicting expectations on roles and goals of people adding stress in their relationships and careers.Focus on the performance agreement as a solution to the problem of conflicting expectations.Assignment: Group Case StudyAs a team, select one case from Chapter 3, 4, or 5 from the course text, The Ethics of Leadership. Submit a 5- to 7-page group paper in the American Psychological Association (APA) format. In the paper:Present a brief summary or review of the case.Identify the primary ethical dilemma or challenge faced by the case's main character or organization.Through an active discussion in your teams' Group forum, build a group consensus and unified approach on how to answer the assigned questions for your case. Discuss how your team would handle the problems or challenges presented in the case.Explain the elements or concepts of the case that proved to be most challenging in building a group consensus, and describe the process by which your team decided a chosen path or course of action.