This written assignment consists of two essay questions. Students are expected to develop a 2-3 page essay per question(excluding title and reference page). A minimum of 2 peer-reviewed, scholarly sources per question are to be utilized for the assignment. Sources should also be up-to-date (less than 10 years old). Direct quotes are not permitted.Topic 1: Profiling involves allowing the physical evidence to reveal to an investigator what behaviors occurred, then thinking about what was intended by the commission of those behaviors. It has been proven time and time again that the majority of investigators are chronically unable to overcome their own perspectives and biases when faced with one or more disturbing violent crime scenes. How do you feel the investigative community can overcome these negative outcomes?Topic 2: Discuss, in detail, how technology has evolved over the past 20 years in regards to criminal profiling and forensic science, and the way it is being used successfully today by law enforcement.

Module 2 - CaseINTELLIGENCE CHALLENGES IN THE 21ST CENTURY: ETHICAL AND LEGAL LIMITATIONS ON THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITYAssignment OverviewThe Ethics of Intelligence CollectionThere has been heavy criticism of the IC largely focused on domestic intelligence collection. In July 2013, the U.K. Guardian newspaper’s Glenn Greenwald showed a 2008 NSA PowerPoint presentation about the X-Keyscore program—which he published nearly in full—as proof that any NSA could easily query a massive NSA database that holds “nearly everything a user does on the Internet.” Sample searches include looking for Intel by email address, phone number, files looked at, search terms used, or even cookies on a person’s computer.*A slide on “finding targets” suggests why a person might be in the NSA’s crosshairs: Someone “whose language is out of place for the region they are in,” “someone using encryption,” and “someone searching the web for suspicious stuff.” (The presentation again reinforces that anyone going to extreme measures to protect their privacy becomes a target, with use of encryption and VPN mentioned as reasons to seek information on someone.) The PowerPoint looks much like one worked up by a database vendor for a Big Data conference—but with much more references to jihad, Iraq and Osama Bin Laden. It claims “300 terrorists captured” based on Intel from the tool.Most of this criticism has an ethical dimension contending that the Intelligence Community not only did something incorrectly, but also should have done better in some ethical sense.*Greenwald, G. (2013). XKeyscore: NSA tool collects 'nearly everything a user does on the internet.’ The Guardian (U.K.), July 31, 2013. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-t...Case Assignment1.Review the Principles of Professional Ethics for the Intelligence Community.2.Define a “Code of ethics” and the elements of an ethical dilemma.3.Explain whether you believe there is or is not a universal code of ethics among professional intelligence officers4.Find a professional code of ethics from another profession (medical, nursing, law enforcement, military, legal, or a similar profession) and provide a link to the code.5.Summarize the key points of the chosen code of ethics, including penalties for breaking the code (in 1 paragraph).6.Compare what you believe is the most important aspect of the Principles of Professional Ethics for the Intelligence Community with your chosen code, and highlight any differences.7.Properly cite your quotations that you use to support your statements.Assignment ExpectationsAssignments should be at least three pages double-spaced, not counting the cover or reference page. Paper format: (a) Cover page, (b) Header, (c) Body. Submit your assignment by the last day of this module.Relevance—All content is connected to the question.Precision—Specific question is addressed. Statements, facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.Depth of discussion—Present and integrate points that lead to deeper issues.Breadth—Multiple perspectives and references, multiple issues/factors considered.Evidence—Points are well-supported with facts, statistics and references.Logic—Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.Clarity—Writing is concise, understandable, and contains sufficient detail or examples.Objectivity—Avoids use of first person and subjective bias.References—Sources are listed at the end of the paper (APA style preferred).________________________________________________________________________________________Module 2 - BackgroundINTELLIGENCE CHALLENGES IN THE 21ST CENTURY: ETHICAL AND LEGAL LIMITATIONS ON THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITYRequired ReadingGreenwald, G. (2013). XKeyscore: NSA tool collects 'nearly everything a user does on the internet.’ The Guardian (U.K.), July 31, 2013. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-t...Nussbaum, B. (2007). Protecting global cities: New York, London, and the internationalization of municipal policing for counter terrorism. Global Crime, 8(3). Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1744057... Steiner, J. (2009). Needed: State-level, integrated intelligence enterprises. Studies in Intelligence, 53(3). Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-o... U.S. Government (2004). Intelligence reform and terrorism prevention act of 2004. Retrieved from http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-108publ458/pdf/P... U.S. Senate (2004). Summary of intelligence reform and terrorism prevention act of 2004. Retrieved from http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/2004_rpt/s2845-sum... Required WebsitesThe NSA’s X-Keyscore program revealed by the U.K. Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/... Principles of Professional Ethics for the Intelligence Community: https://www.dni.gov/index.php/how-we-work/ethics