Conduct a review

User Generated

mbmb610

Humanities

Description

Conduct a review of each papers that attached (seprately). Use the questions listed below to help you develop your critiques. You should write at least two or three sentences in response to each of the questions.

  • What is the thesis statement of this essay?
  • How could this thesis statement be improved?
  • What specific suggestions do you have for your classmate regarding how s/he could make the introductory paragraph more interesting?
  • Do the body paragraphs adequately support the introductory paragraph and thesis statement? Why or why not?
  • Did the paragraphs contain adequate support from outside research?
  • How could the body paragraphs be improved?
  • What are the strengths of the body paragraphs? Why?
  • Does the concluding paragraph go beyond summarizing points made in the essay? If so, how? If not, how could the writer achieve this goal?
  • Are the in-text and Reference Page citations formatted correctly according to APA guidelines? What suggestions do you have regarding how to improve the APA formatting of this research-based paper?

Unformatted Attachment Preview

1 Blood Pressure The Silent Killer Somone Baskett English 1020 – English Composition Virginia Collage, Surgical Technician Program Augusta 22, 2017 2 Blood Pressure The Silent Killer The treatment of Hypertension is a complex approach that involves nutrition, exercise and medications. Nutrition is one of the major factors in hypertension, an unhealthy diet is the cause of the disease. Healthy eating can prevent hypertension. A “colorize diet” fruits and vegetables are recommended for patients. (Kushner, 2006) Preventive nutrition with the plate method and portion control low sodium meals will stop hypertension. High fat diets can cause a person to have a heart attack or a stroke. “The association of serum uric acid (SUA) with the risk of hypertension is controversial and may be modulated by lifestyle factors. We did a prospective study to investigate whether SUA was an independent predictor hypertension in the young and whether physical activity influences this association.” (NewsRx, 2017) Exercise may counteract the mechanisms involved in the association of hypertension. Regular physical activity on a daily bases thirty to forty-five minutes a day can reduce the chances of hypertension. Research study shows that “exercise may counteract future hypertension” 2017 FEB 25 (NewsRx) according to the news editor. With this being stated and results from research has come back conclusively showing physical activity can counteract hypertension. Medication is for patients who has been diagnosed with hypertension. Awareness is the key to your health issues. Patients must be educated after being diagnosed. Blood pressure must be monitored and blood pressures greater than 140 systolic and greater than 90 diastolic or equal to will be identified as having hypertension. Treatment for the patient is required usually an antihypertensive medication. Study shows “antihypertensive use was significantly higher among females in the urban areas compared with females living in rural areas (76% urban vs. rural 63%, p < 0.05) non -working males were more likely to use antihypertensive medications compared 3 Blood Pressure The Silent Killer with working males (76 vs 60%, p 0.003).” (Muntasirur Rahman, (May 25, 2017)) Medication should be used on a daily bases and very important to your health. Most hypertension medication has a water pill installed. For instance Lisinopril 20/25 this is a form of Lasix in it. This will help lower your blood pressure by getting rid of water retention. In conclusion, the treatment of hypertension is a complex approach that involves nutrition, exercise and medication. Controlling your portions and eating a healthy well balanced low fat diet and incorporating exercise daily you will prevent hypertension. Medication for treatment if you have hypertension is very important to take on a daily base. Education is knowledge so get educated and know your status. See a doctor for regular check- ups. 4 Blood Pressure The Silent Killer References Researchers at University of Padova (L. Mos, 2017) (L. Mos, 2017) Report Findings in Hypertension (Regular physical activity prevents development of hypertension in young people with hyperuricemia). (2017, February 25). Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week, 1757. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.prxvc.lirn.net/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&u=lirn59592&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA481745172&a sid=9abd9f1f7130b996f931c65256af5cf8 Rahman, M., Williams, G., & Al Mamun, A. (2017). Gender differences in hypertension awareness, antihypertensive use and blood pressure control in Bangladeshi adults: findings from a national cross-sectional survey. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 36(1). Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.prxvc.lirn.net/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&u=lirn59592&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA492895257&a sid=ae770e8ba06838d2917d884912949398 ALL INTUBATED PATIENTS SHOULD USE ACTIVE HUMIDIFICATION All Intubated Patients Should Use Active Humidification Courtney Johnson ENG1020-English Composition II-XD, Virginia Collage, Respiratory Therapy Program Author Note 1331 Old Cahaba Cove, Helena, Alabama 35080 1 ALL INTUBATED PATIENTS SHOULD USE ACTIVE HUMIDIFICATION 2 To provide the needed heat and moisture to an intubated patient’s airway, a Respiratory Therapist should always use active humidification. A patient’s pulmonary capillary bed requires all inspired gas to be at 37° Celsius (C) and at 100% Relative Humidity (RH) or airway damage will occur. When a patient is intubated and the endotracheal tube bypasses the nose and upper airway, the body cannot heat and humidify its own inspired air as normal. Active humifaction uses a passover heater/humidifier and a heated wire circuit, can servo control inspired gas at 37° C and 100% RH. Passive humidification captures the body’s own heat and humidification in a Heat Moisture Exchanger (HME) as the patient exhales through the HME. As the patient inhales the HME heats the inspired gas to 35° C and 100% RH. 1 HMEs can only provide a partial amount of the needed heat, to ensure critical heat and humidification to the patient’s airway the RT should always use active humidification. A major function of the upper air airway is to condition inspired air to 37°C at 100% relative humidity, or 44 mg/L of water Absolute Humidity(AH). The inspired gas normally reaches this conditioned state at 5 cm below the corunna, this theoretical point is called the Isothermic Saturation Boundary. A mechanically ventilated patient with an Endotracheal Tube (ETT) in place bypasses the patient’s airway natural conditioning gas process. The gas exits the ETT just above the Isothermic Saturation Boundary, therefor all gas delivered by a ventilator should be heated and humidified by the Respiratory Therapist. According to the American Association for Respiratory Care(AARC) Clinical Practice Guidelines(CPC)(Restrepo & Walsh, 2012) there are two main way gas should be conditioned, “active humidification through a heated humidifier (HH) and passive humidification through a Heat and Moisture Exchanger (HME).” Active Heated Humidifier (HH) uses a ventilator (vent) circuit with internal heated wires and a servo controlled heater. The ALL INTUBATED PATIENTS SHOULD USE ACTIVE HUMIDIFICATION 3 heater warms a set amount of water to a predetermined temperature. The heated water produces both heat and humidity. As the gas moves through the vent circuit, the heated gas would normally cool to the surrounding room temperature. The heated wires inside the vent circuit are servo controlled to heat up as needed to maintain the gas at the preset temperature. The heated wires keep the gas heated and humified until the gas is delivered to the EET. Depending on manufacture type, active humidifiers can be set to servo control to many different temperatures including 37° at 100% relative humidity. Heat and Moisture Exchangers (HME) are also known as artificial noses. HME are place between the vent circuit and the ETT. The HME is made of filter like materteral that captures the patient’s exhaled heat and moisture. During inspiration, the HME passively releases the heats and moisture back to the cold dry gas inspired gas. According to the AARC’s CPG (Restrepo & Walsh, 2012); “The American National Standards Institute recommends absolute humidity (AH) values of ≥ 30 mg H2O/L; the American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) has recommended AH values of ≥ 30 mg H2O/L, while the ISO prefers AH values of ≥ 33 mg H2O/L. A HME that delivers 26 –29 mg H2O/L may be adequate for patients without underlying conditions that impair airway clearance18,19; however, HMEs that provide an AH 26 mg/L should not be used. The use of HMEs that deliver an AH of at least 30 mg H2O/L are recommended, as they are associated with a lower incidence of ETT occlusion.” The AARC’s CPG of 2012 have no contraindications to active humidity. There are multiple hazards and contradictions for use of an HMEs. Even though Active Humidity provides greater Absolute Humidity that the Passive Humidity of a HME, neither the AARC, Restrepo, and Walsh state a position of which they prefer the bedside Respiratory Therapist to use. ALL INTUBATED PATIENTS SHOULD USE ACTIVE HUMIDIFICATION 4 A patient on mechanical ventilation not receiving conditioned gas at 37°C at 100% RH or 44 mg/L of water AH, can quickly begin to produce thick mucous and thick secretions. According to Tucci (2015) low heat and humidity can cause lung damage by “promote lung injury through production of mediators, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, which participate in recruitment/activation of inflammatory cells, induction of alveolar cell death, and disruption of the alveolar capillary barrier. This mechanism is an important component of the physiopathology of ventilator-induced lung injury and of some airway diseases, such as COPD and asthma”. This lung damage can last long after the patient is no longer on the ventilator. Conditioning ventilator gas by the RT may be seen as a daily mundane task. But the RT should insure the ventilated patient continuously receives the maximum amount of heat and humidity at all time with on the ventilator. Everyone agrees there is a need to condition the inspired gas of mechanically ventilated patient. But there is no agreement on how this should be accomplished. This important decision is not mandated by the AARC, RT staff, or even the Attending Physician. According to Diiulio (2015) How inspired gas is condition is “Typically, the policy within the RT Department. Some institutions are all active or all passive. Some places use passive HMEs for short-term patients and switch to an active device after ‘x’ amount of hours or days. It varies across facilities.” When asking RTs witch they prefer, the subject may evoke a heated debate from some RTs. Some may feel very strong for HME, other for HH. When asked why they use HME or HH the reasons may vary from RT to RT. Depending on the RT, their reasoning may be based on science, history, or simply “it is the RT policy.” ALL INTUBATED PATIENTS SHOULD USE ACTIVE HUMIDIFICATION 5 One of the reasons for the controversy on what heat and humidity systems are best to use, because there is no gold standard for measuring heat and humidity during studies. According to Cuquemelle and Lellouche (2013) stated that “different methods may provide large over-estimates, up to 8.9 mg H2O/L.” These variations in heat and humidity reading may show up in different studies comparing equipment or patient readings. The authors Cuquemelle and Lellouche preformed their own study using both HMEs and HHs. Their study had two arms with 44 patients, with 22 on HHs and 22 on HMEs. Cuquemelle and Lellouche preformed their study using the International Standards Organization (ISO) standard for humidification device testing. Their study showed HH delivers the most constant humidity to the patient airways. In the test, HMEs did not deliver the required heat and humidity needed by the mechanically ventilated patient. As other less rigorous studies have shown, HMEs do not provide the required heat and humidity to the mechanically ventilated patient. This shows that all patients on the vent should be on active humidification. Everyone agrees, all Respiratory Therapists must heat and humidify the gas delivered by their ventilators. Even though the Respiratory Therapists, RT Managers, RT Departments, nor the AARC cannot agree that active or passive humidity is superior. The physics of heating and humidifying should be clear to everyone, passive humidification cannot provide gas at 37°C at 100% relative humidity. Active humidity is the only system that guarantees proper heat and humidity all the time and in every circumstance. To insure all intubated patient are receiving the needed heat and humifaction, the Respiratory Therapist should use active humidification on all ventilated patients. As a professional and caring Respiratory Therapist, why would you pick anything other than active humidity? ALL INTUBATED PATIENTS SHOULD USE ACTIVE HUMIDIFICATION 6 References 1) AARC Clinical Practice Guideline Humidification During Invasive and Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation: 2012. Ruben D Restrepo MD RRT FAARC and Brian K Walsh RRT-NPS FAARC 2) Humidification during ventilation: one size doesn't fit all. Diiulio, Renee. RT (Online); Los Angeles Los Angeles: Anthem Media Group. (Nov 1, 2014) 3) Humidification during invasive mechanical ventilation: less lung inflammation with optimal gas conditioning Mauro R. Tucci and Eduardo L.V. Costa Respiratory Care. 60.12 (Dec. 2015): p1854. 4) Assessment of humidification performance: still no easy method! Elise Cuquemelle and Francois Lellouche. Respiratory Care. 58.9 (Sept. 2013) p1559. Word Count: 1722.
Purchase answer to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Hi there! I finished a little earlier than expected. I have attached the two separate reviews of the papers. The remaining time we have allows you to ask me any questions that you may have or we can talk about any edits that need to be made to these reviews. If there isn't anything else that you need, I will go ahead and mark these as my final answers. ( :

Blood Pressure The Silent Killer Review


What is the thesis statement of this essay?
○ “Preventive nutrition with the plate method and portion control low sodium meals
will stop hypertension.”



How could this thesis statement be improved?
○ The thesis statement should go after the first sentence as it elaborates the
treatment for hypertension.



What specific suggestions do you have for your classmate regarding how s/he could
make the introductory paragraph more interesting?
○ The introductory paragraph is concise and gets right to the point, while still
maintaining the interest of the reader. If they were to add to the paragraph to
elaborate, it would be fine, but could also end up making the introduction sound
repetitive.



Do ...


Anonymous
Nice! Really impressed with the quality.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Similar Content

Related Tags