Running Head: PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDAMENTALS & HISTORY 1 Public Health History Larenzo M. Lott Professor Carter-McCummings Trident University BHE 200 Public Health 1. Identify the controversial public health topic that is you plan to explore. Briefly state whether the controversy is related to economics, morality, religion, ethics, political interference with science, or perhaps another topic. Please explain in 2–3 paragraphs and be sure to cite sources rather than simply stating your opinion. 2. Briefly discuss the historical context of the controversy. What spurred the controversy? Please write 2–3 paragraphs about this, and be sure to cite sources rather than simply stating your opinion. 3. Identify stakeholders in the public health controversy. In other words, who were the people or organizations involved and what is their role? 4. Write a summary paragraph to close your paper. PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDAMENTALS & HISTORY 2 Public Health fundamentals and history The growth of public health in developing countries has been adversely marred by the factors like political intervention, social unawareness or sometime adherence to religious values. In the present scenario, huge dilemma faced by public health is the restriction of giving drops of polio to children who are supposed to be under the age of 5 years and so on (Patil, 2011). Issues of polio drops vaccination has become a major issue in the Muslim countries where people have been asked to refuse to give polio drops to their children as it has been treated against the real values of religion. Despite of the efforts from both government and private organization, this campaign has seen more failures than its expectations. It is due to huge intervention of various religious scholars who promoted a hatred literature against the polio drop citing the adverse effects on the health of children, even the strong intervention also brought huge havocs to polio workers team who have been engaged in providing the services to children from door to door. The issue of polio identification has become a major impediment in the development as well as growth of healthy society when parents are asked to negate the campaign of polio vaccination to children. In some countries like Pakistan and Sudan, polio vaccination has been damaged by the rigid and bigoted religions scholars who gave various citation from the religion and asked people to push back the teams involved in that activity (Abbas, 2012). The major impediment in the polio vaccination started from the various scholars who thought that ingredient used in making the polio vaccination could contained some piece of pig that is considered an unfair action from the religious point of view. Keeping the sentiment of people in society, the religious scholars spoke the polio vaccination and put in the minds of general masses to stand against it. Even in the major Muslim institution like Jamia-tul-Azahar, campaign PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDAMENTALS & HISTORY 3 for polio vaccination was decaled illegal because of the dirty components contained in the drops. The history reveals that campaign against polio vaccination started in early 1990s when some bigoted religious scholars asked people to show restraints against the vaccination and asked people that some non-Muslim element were engaged in spoiling the faith of people (Ebrahim, 2013). There are no strong evidence that why the campaign for polio vaccination was considered illegal and still people in society are searching for the solid reason. Many polio cases on very passing days are reported Many stakeholders can be considered in the public health like failures of polio vaccination campaign in most of the Muslim countries. These stakeholders have put an adverse and hostile impact on the campaign and brought some negate consequences on the health of children who are being paralyzed at their earlier stage (Brookes, 2007). Following are stakeholders: • Religious scholars have some acquaintances with religions • Rigid and bigoted parents who are refuse to give polio drops to their children So, in the Muslim countries majority of people are religion-oriented and they strongly follow the religious values and never show defiance against it. So because of this factor, the ratio of polio cases is increasing with every passing day. The government and other health agencies are making huge efforts in controlling the ratio of polio cases through some awareness programs but still the expectation can be a dream (Teepu, 2013). This leading paper examines the issues of polio vaccination campaign that has been marred in the developing but Muslim countries where people are more rigid towards their religion. The issue PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDAMENTALS & HISTORY 4 of polio vaccination campaign has strongly been opposed by some so-called religious scholars through various citations from the religion. PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDAMENTALS & HISTORY 5 Reference 1. Abbas, R. F. (2012). The Curious Case of Polio Eradication in Pakistan: An Empirical Study of a Polio Campaign. Saarbrücken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. 2. Teepu, I. A. (2013, November 30). Islamic law and suspicion fuel polio resurgence. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/11/30/pakistan-polioresurgence/3591683/ 3. Brookes, T., Khan, O. A., & American Public Health Association. (2007). The end of polio?: Behind the scenes of the campaign to vaccinate every child on the planet. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association. 4. Chacko L., & Chacko, R. (2010). Chapter 2: Modern Public Health Systems. In: Andresen, A. & Bouldin, E. (2010). Public Health Foundations: Concepts and Practices. Jossey-Bass Publishers. eISBN: 9780470890165 Hoboken, NJ. Available in eBrary. 5. Ebrahim, Z. (2013, October 23). In Pakistan, The Push To Eradicate Polio Competes With “The Zillion Other Issues”. Retrieved from http://www.mintpressnews.com/inpakistan-the-push-to-eradicate-polio-competes-with-the-zillion-other-issues/198040/ 6. Patil, R. (2011, Jan-Mar.) Public Health Controversies: Common Characteristics. Journal of Global Infectious Diseases, 3(1), 97–98. doi: 10.4103/0974-777X.77308. PMCID: PMC3068592. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068592/
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