Recycling And Climate Change Research

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Final Presentation Rubric - Duration: 7- 8 minutes Title page & References slide Name, location, discovery story Skeletal morphology and implications Diet and/or environment and/or how the fossil was dated Parenthetical citation on every slide 3 annotated references printed Minimum of 3 academic sources - journal articles or books Images on every slide, not text-heavy, not just reading off slides Topic: Australopithecus Anamensis In case it wasn't clear on the rubric, the only required topic of discussion for your presentation is the comparison of the skeletal morphology of your species to modern humans; the rest is up to you. Possible topics can be diet, language, migration routes, stone tools, genomics, etc. You may include anything that interests you. The best places to find scientific articles are sites like research gate, academia, and google scholar. AMNH Lab The Hall of Human Origins Name:__________________________________________ Follow the path of the exhibition starting from the main entrance of the Hall of Human Origins. The questions are in the order the exhibit appears. Use the images and titles as a guide, the answers to the lab questions will be found within the text. 1. What are the 3 species displayed at the very front of the exhibit (visible upon walking in)? 2. A new scientific field- paleoanthropology was launched after what discovery in 1856 in Neander Valley, Germany? 3. Plesiadapis cookei and other plesiadapiforms didn’t look like most living primates: their eyes were set on the_______________ of their heads…, and most species had _______________hands and feet… and_______________served them well when scaling trees. 4. Aegyptopithecus zuexis, a 30 million-year-old cat-sized primate…It had _______________facing eyes which allowed for a good depth of perception… Aegyptopithecus was active during the day and slept at night. As virtually all living _______________ primates do. 5. What is a trace fossil? 6. What is a body fossil? 7. Name: Genus & Species: Location found: Date found: 8. OUR FAMILY TREE According to the tree, what two other species existed at the same time as Homo Sapien? 9. THE HISTORY OF HUMAN EVOLUTION Sometime around six or seven million years ago, the first members of our human family. Homininidae, evolved in _______________.They spent much of their time in _______________, as did their close primate relatives, the ancestors of todays_______________ and _______________. But unlike other primates, these early hominids walked easily on two feet when on the ground – a trait scientists often use to define the human family. 10. Name: Location Found: Genus and Species: How old was he when he died? How tall would he have been? 11. A NEW TYPE OF HUMAN Some modern human peoples such as the _______________ of northern _______________, tend to have especially long, slender limbs, a feature that allows the body to ______________________________. A similar trait may have helped ___________________ survive in the hot, dry climate of eastern Africa. Hominids to leave Africa. 12. OUT OF AFRICA Modern humans were the first hominids to populate the entire globe, after leaving Africa about ___________________ years ago. But we were not the first. Some of our relatives began leaving that continent at least ________________ years ago-long before Homo Sapien evolved…Discoveries there suggest that the first hominids to leave Africa had only simple tools and relatively _________ brains. 13. Toothless 1.8-1.7 million yrs old Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia An early example of __________ behavior 14. Draw the “out of Africa” model 15. Flores Flores, Indonesia Nickname: Genus and species: Height: 16. MODERN HUMAN First appeared in Africa _____________ years ago List the 5 features of a modern human skeleton: 17. LIFE DURING THE ICEAGE ….These new humans had developed true _______________ and could make highly sophisticated __________. They created ______ and practiced elaborate rituals… 18. EARLY CHILDHOOD Neanderthal France 3-4yrs old Fill in the 3 characteristic Neanderthal traits that are visible even at an early age. 19. NEANDERTHAL CAMPSITE … Neanderthals were sophisticated toolmakers and prepared animal hides, which they used for clothing…There is evidence that they cared for the ____________ and the _______…they left no signs of having ______ or complex symbols typical of our own species. 20. Neanderthal skeleton ● ● ● ● Long, low braincase and double-arched brow ridge Flaring, funnel-shaped chest __________________________ __________________________ Modern Human Skeleton ● ● ● ● Tall, rounded braincase and small divided brow ridge ___________________________ Narrow pelvis Slender fingers and toes 21. Draw a bone harpoon point 22. LUCY Africa 3 million years ago Australopithecus afarensis What two characteristics in the skeleton are good for climbing/moving in trees? What two characteristics in the skeleton are good for standing upright? 23. Attach admissions ticket Final Presentation Rubric - Duration: 7- 8 minutes Title page & References slide Name, location, discovery story Skeletal morphology and implications Diet and/or environment and/or how the fossil was dated Parenthetical citation on every slide 3 annotated references printed Minimum of 3 academic sources - journal articles or books Images on every slide, not text-heavy, not just reading off slides Topic: Australopithecus Anamensis In case it wasn't clear on the rubric, the only required topic of discussion for your presentation is the comparison of the skeletal morphology of your species to modern humans; the rest is up to you. Possible topics can be diet, language, migration routes, stone tools, genomics, etc. You may include anything that interests you. The best places to find scientific articles are sites like research gate, academia, and google scholar. do what you can, and the things you can’t do. I will do it. do not plagiarize.
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Explanation & Answer

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Amjad 01
Muhammed Amjad
Cassidy McFadzean
English 1012
April 28, 2022
Recycling And Climate Change
Recycling is one of many things that affect the planet; the impact is significant, while
people's effort is undersized. To understand recycling, it has to be broken down into the following components: reduce, reuse, and recycle.
"I. Reduce: Purchase only what you need since a good way to minimize leftover is by not creating it.
II. Reuse: If you have to obtain goods, try getting used ones or obtaining alternatives.
III. Recycle: When disposing waste, find ways to reprocess it rather than letting it go to a landfill" (Rahman).
There must be an eminence on minimizing waste at the start, reusing materials, then recycling
since reducing allows people to stop waste before generating it, making it the most environmentally-friendly option.
When these measures are put into place by ourselves, institutions and corporations, we
will be able to face the issue of how much waste we generate and how to manage it sustainably.

A study found that in 2018, only 34.7 percent of consumers recycle, while the rest are aware of
recycling. "People don't know how to recycle, what can be recycled or what to do with it" (Morgan). This lack of knowledge causes a huge wastage problem as there is a lack of compliance
with the recycling regulations. The reason is that different materials are mixed at the recycling
centers, and this is where one of the problems occurs.

Amjad 02
Recycling has been practiced for thousands of years, and regardless of when it was first
used, it enabled people to deal with vast volumes of waste. As populations grow and cities become even more crowded, the need to find better ways of managing waste becomes more important. Some businesses have one garbage can with different stickers for recycling; these businesses are deceiving because although these garbage cans have stickers for recycling, all the
trash goes into one bag. This promotes the idea that recycling is a waste. If businesses told people that they do not have the resources to recycle correctly, people would be more willing to recycle waste instead of giving it to garbage collectors.
At this present time, consumers are unaware of how their recycling is processed, and, as a
result, many countries are not meeting recycling standards. As recycling is a legitimate way of
dealing with waste, more people should become aware of it and the systems that make it possible. Moreover, the decline in worldwide recycling markets has conveyed consideration to what is
not working. For instance, the US typically sold a third of its recyclables in foreign markets, with
many being sold to China firms. However, most recycling plans have shifted to single-stream
over the past few years, thus increasing contamination. Besides, China has been accepting recyclables of any quality, but since 2018, they released rules enacting stern contamination restrictions on imported recyclables. As a result, these issues have caused significant disturbance in
the US recycling system, distressing some states more than others.

Although recycling is currently facing global challenges, there are practical solutions that
could be scaled up to enhance recycling's impact on the climate crisis. Even though recycling
benefits the climate, it is most effective if the installed systems work correctly. One advantage of
installing proper recycling methods is keeping constituents out of incinerators and landfills.
Landfills create the third primary source of methane discharges in the US, with most of these

Amjad 03
emissions coming from food waste. According to research, more than a third of all food grown
for human consumption in the US is thrown into trash cans (Robinson). In this regard, US food
waste's carbon footprint is higher compared to that of the airline industry. Consequently, the environmental consequences of manufacturing food that no one eats are high and accounts for approximately eight percent of all greenhouse gas emission.
Suppose there is no way to rescue an item or food product; composting can benefit the
environment more than tossing it. When food rots in a landfill, it produces large quantities of methane, a greenhouse gas more than twenty times potent as carbon dioxide. However, microbes
convert the organic material into nutrient-rich soil in compost bins, thus keeping carbon out of
the atmosphere and manufacturing valuable fertilizer. According to research, increasing composting in the US as a way of recycling could generate carbon savings equal to taking about fifteen million passenger vehicles off the road for thirty years.
The other benefit of installing proper recycling methods is swapping virgin materials extracted through deforestation and mining. Across a variety of constituents, utilizing recycled content minimizes energy emissions and use when producing new products compared to when utilizing virgin contents. Since recycled products have already been manufactured, it takes minimal
energy to manufacture them again. For instance, converting trees into the required pulp to make
paper goods requires more energy and some resources like water. Nevertheless, converting old

paper into pulp for innovative goods minimize the required resources. Besides, constituents such
as aluminum and glass can be recycled substantially without demeaning their quality. Research
has proven that utilizing recycled materials minimizes emissions and energy even after accounting for transportation of the products. From this perspective, utilizing recycled glass and some
plastics in place of new materials may mitigate ecological impacts by more than fifty percent.

Amjad 04
Similarly, recycled aluminum lessens environmental effects by about eight percent. From the
above information, it is evident that recycling is a fundamental part of the spherical economy,
and there are vibrant advantages of utilizing recycled materials.

Amjad 05
Work Cited
Morgan, Blake. “Why Is It so Hard to Recycle?” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 10 Dec.
2021, https://www.forbes.com/sites/blakemorgan/2021/04/21/why-is-it-so-hardto-recycle/?sh=2276868e3b77.
Rahman, Fahzy Abdul. “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Alternatives for Waste Management.”
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Alternatives for Waste Management | New Mexico State
University - BE BOLD. Shape the Future., https://pubs.nmsu.edu/_g/G314/.
Robinson, Celeste. “Recycling and Climate Change.” Environmental Center, 19 Mar.
2021, https://www.colorado.edu/ecenter/2021/03/18/recycling-and-climatechange.

View attached explanation and answer. Let me know if you have any questions.

Australopithecus Anamensis


This human fossil was discovered in 1995 in northern Kenya in Turkana by
Bryan Patterson from Harvard University ("Australopithecus anamensis", n.d.).



The fossils date up to 4.2 to 3.9 million years



Fossil discorved by leaky.

Skeletal morphology and implications


The Australopithecus Anamensis has a combination of modern man and ape
characteristics.



They had well-developed eye sockets and a shorter nasal aperture of the skull
compared to the modern man

Skeletal morphology and implications


Apart from the modern man, this species of females have longer legs than the
male,



Their jaws were more of the ape descendant with the teeth arranged in
parallel lines slopping backwards while upper jaw teeth were at the roof of
the mouth.

Discovery


The first specimen of Australopithecus Anamensis Was recognized by a single
humerus bone located in kanapoi in Turkana.



The fossil discovered were twenty in total, and they all had an upper jaw and
lower jaw and upper and lower parts of the tibia.

Environment


They thrived where plants and various animals were found.



The Australopithecus Anamensis lived near a lake basin in an ancient lake that
had existed for many years.

Diet


Reconstructing the diet of Australopithecus Anamnesis can be traced by
utilizing indirect evidence such as the research on microstructure and the
enamel thickness.



The MicroStation pattern proved that their teeth formation designated them
herbivores, eating both fruitless and hard-to-chew diets such as nuts.

Tools


Since their closest ancestor was the apes, it has been observed that they
made simple tools.



Imagery of their tools.

Reference


Australopithecus anamensis. Retrieved 7 May 2022, from
https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/humanfossils/species/australopithecus-anamensis



Haile-Selassie, Y., Gibert, L., Melillo, S. M., Ryan, T. M., Alene, M., Deino, A.,
... & Saylor, B. Z. (2015). New species from Ethiopia further expands Middle
Pliocene hominin diversity. Nature, 521(7553), 483-488.



Leakey, M. G., Feibel, C. S., McDougall, I., Ward, C., & Walker, A. (1998). New
specimens and confirmation of an early age for Australopithecus
anamensis. Nature, 393(6680), 62-66.



White, T. D., WoldeGabriel, G., Asfaw, B., Ambrose, S., Beyene, Y., Bernor, R.
L., ... & Suwa, G. (2006). Asa Issie, Aramis and the origin of
Australopithecus. Nature, 440(7086), 883-889.

View attached explanation and answer. Let me know if you have any questions.
View attached explanation and answer. Let me know if you have any questions.

1

Recycling and Climate Change
Student Name
Professor Name
Course Number
Date
1.First Draft: Pages 1 - 3 (not including introduction)

Recycling is vital to the atmosphere since it regulates GHG emissions by increasing
reutilizing rates. Recycling more products implies fewer virgin products are required in the
manufacturing process. On this note, all the greenhouse gases that would be released from
refining and extracting virgin products are evaded. Though some GHG emissions are emitted by
processing and transporting recycled material, there is a clear advantage over utilizing virgin
products. Consequently, reusing paper products to manufacture new goods save GHG discharges
that would have been produces from processing and cutting trees and enables trees to continue
acting as carbon sinks. Moreover, more recycling implies that minimal waste will end up in
landfills, thus lessening landfill discharges. Recycling is also significant to the environment since
it installs extended manufacturer responsibility. This is a waste management approach that
pursues to change the duty of supervision the termination-of-life of goods from taxpayers and the
government to those in control of producing and designing the goods (Eneh & Oluigbo). The
notion behind this framework is that if a manufacturer is troubled with the price of disposing of a

2

good at the termination of its life, they are encouraged to design the goods for reusability and
reflect on its ecological impacts.
Solid waste is any useless material garbage, refuse or sludge from day to day activities
that may end up in landfills. Disposal of solid waste has been a widespread problem in urban
areas across the globe. The solid waste collected by various municipalities for disposal in
municipal waste disposal sites is one of the major problems in urban environments worldwide.
This has called for countries to action proper solid waste management actions to be taken to
address the ever-growing solid waste. Conventionally municipalities use anaerobic digestions to
treat and valorize organic fractions of the municipal waste, composed of household human and
animal waste and agricultural waste. Quite recently, most counties are turning to recycle as a
better solution to tackling solid waste, where the municipal separates, reuses and recovers some
components of the waste that may pose economic value. Solid waste poses a considerable risk to
the ecosystem. A proper reliable waste management system needs to be put in place like
recycling which leads to sustainable resource-saving, for example, waste paper being recycled to
produce economically viable cardboards. From recycling, less garbage ends up in landfills. By
recycling some materials like glass, aluminium, plastic and other materials, energy costs can be
reduced, and the negative effect on the environment creates virgin material. Recycling also
brings about new products from waste which gives trash new life, both environmentally friendly
and economically viable. For example, waste plastic is used to make the fabric used in the textile
industry.

3

1) Second Draft: Pages 1 - 6 (not including conclusion)

Introduction
The world has undergone many natural cooling and warming cycles during flooding,
droughts, and thrilling weather patterns. Researchers have confirmed that the globe’s oceans and
atmosphere are heating progressively due to human actions. According to research, this heating

4

will worsen climate inconsistency and finally impact water and food safety worldwide.
Dominant to climate change and global warming is the greenhouse effect. In this regard, gases
like Carbon dioxide, methane, and Sulphur dioxide entering the earth’s atmosphere through
human actions contribute to the build-up of greenhouse gases, which are unswervingly released
into the air (Okafor). Moreover, climate change effects are among the environmental impacts
derived from solid waste management decisions. Other consequences include the health effects
attributed to the emission of ozone-depleting constituents such as depletion of non-renewable
resources, water bodies contamination, and Chloro-Flouro-Carbons (CFC). These ecological
effects are in addition to the socio-economic features of substitute ways of handling waste.
Recycling, waste minimization, and reusing characterize a fundamental and augmenting
possibility for indirect minimization of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enhanced
energy, fossil fuel avoidance, the conservation of improved energy, and resource efficiency. The
subject matter of this research comes at a period when climate change issues are being conversed
on a global scale. Therefore, this paper aims to advocate and encourage zero-waste recycling in
manufacturing products and services as a substitute for manufacturing from virgin sources due to
minimal carbon emissions and enhanced social services.
To lessen the impacts of climate change, minimizing GHG emissions is the best action to
be carried out since the rate of reconstructing openings in the ozone layer is sluggish.
Environmental sustainability should be the key in every step taken concerning human
relationships with the ecology's natural and built. In this regard, humans need the environment
more than it needs humans. The effects of climate change are visible and felt in every part of the
globe since the defense the globe obtains from the ozone layer against the sun's infrared rays is
significantly diminished. As a result, higher than average temperatures experienced globally

5

have resulted in uncontrollable bushfires. Besides, flooding is overwhelming in low-lying areas
due to the glacial disintegration in polar regions, resulting in an increase of ocean levels and
currents.
Recycling is vital to the atmosphere since it regulates GHG emissions by increasing
reutilizing rates. Recycling more products implies fewer virgin products are required in the
manufacturing process. On this note, all the greenhouse gases that would be released from
refining and extracting virgin products are evaded. Though some GHG emissions are emitted by
processing and transporting recycled material, there is a clear advantage over utilizing virgin
products. Consequently, reusing paper products to manufacture new goods save GHG discharges
that would have been produces from processing and cutting trees and enables trees to continue
acting as carbon sinks. Moreover, more recycling implies that minimal waste will end up in
landfills, thus lessening landfill discharges. Recycling is also significant to the environment since
it installs extended manufacturer responsibility. This is a waste management approach that
pursues to change the duty of supervision the termination-of-life of goods from taxpayers and the
government to those in control of producing and designing the goods (Eneh & Oluigbo). The
notion behind this framework is that if a manufacturer is troubled with the price of disposing of a
good at the termination of its life, they are encouraged to design the goods for reusability and
reflect on its ecological impacts.
Much of the disposed waste in landfills decay, resulting in the emission of carbon dioxide
and methane. In situations where GHG emissions are typically more prevalent, waste regulations
may impact verdicts made by the supply chain. Utilizing recycled content in products rather than
new material typically results in minimal GHG releases over a merchandise’s life cycle. High
amounts of materials and energy consumption in developed nations are the major contributors to

6

the deterioration in nearly all key life support structures on the globe. Over the past ten years,
scientists concluded that current levels of energy and materials consumption negatively influence
the globe's atmosphere. Likewise, energy consumption unswervingly subsidizes to climate
alterations by accumulating carbon-based particles to the air in additional of the typically
occurring quantities. Carbon particles, mainly carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, trap suns
heat and prevents it from absconding form the troposphere. According to research, the
consequential warming of the air is continuously changing the global climate. On the other hand,
materials consumption ramblingly supports climate change since it needs energy to harvest,
excavate, transport, extract, and process fresh materials.
Zero waste recycling is the complete recycling and reuse of waste. It is an objective for
responsibly managing materials and the energy necessitated in their manufacture. Likewise, it is
a systematic method to resource management that diminishes waste, capitalizes on recycling,
decreases consumption, and guarantees that goods are recyclable and reusable without adverse
consequences. An effective zero waste policy lessens climate change by radically minimizing
GHG quantities released into the air by human actions. One benefit of zero-waste reusing is
saving energy by minimizing energy consumption. The energy correlated with removing,
transporting, and processing new raw materials is saved since minimal energy is required to
manufacture new products from recycled materials. Conserving energy is a significant matter
globally due to the increased demands of industrial and domestic concerns (Skarimi).
Furthermore, zero-waste is beneficial to the environment since net carbon emissions are about
five times lower when products are manufactured from recycled paper, steel, or copper and forty
times lower for aluminum.

7

The other benefit of zero-waste recycling is that it preserves the natural surroundings.
Wood and paper account for about half of all leftover in landfills and incinerators. Forest
products constitute about fifty percent by weight of all products sent to municipal facilities. On
the other hand, wasted paper establishes about forty-eight percent of the greenhouse fumes
released during the manufacture of goods that end in a tonne of metropolitan waste. Minimizing
wood and paper scrapings save forests that obtain carbon from the troposphere, thus minimizing
the worldwide greenhouse impact. For instance, trees absorb carbon from the air and stock it in
their tissues for lengthy periods. Therefore, recycling and waste prevention minimize greenhouse
gases by saving trees that consume carbon dioxide (Okafor). Similarly, recycling minimizes
pollution and saves energy since paper waste dumped at landfills is later decomposed or burnt.
Increasing recycling should be a significance approach to reduce global warming impacts
correlated with solid waste since natural resources are conserved and ensures reserves for
forthcoming generations. Moreover, a zero-waste recycling policy is beneficial since it
eliminates the need for landfill sites and creates job opportunities for many people. There is an
urgent need for worldwide and national regulations for escalating zero waste guidelines to save
the globe from further degradation. Similarly, ecological issues should be presented at every
level of education to create responsiveness of ecological exploitations and their impacts on the
globe.
One example of recycling is addressing the matter of littering. The ideal way for every
individual in society is to take full responsibility and dispose of their waste fashionably.
Measures should be encouraged to ensure enough garbage bins are installed next to residential or
workplaces for effective disposal. The garbage must be emptied regularly to deal with the issue
of overfilling Once the solid waste is disposed of in the proper location, it has adhered to

8

recycling; for instance, the plastics and metal waste can be returned to the manufacturer. This
method efficiently keeps large amounts of solid waste out of landfills, making the environment
inhabitable, and conserves resources and energy. The recycling technology consists of collecting,
separating, preparing the material for the buyer, and processing and reusing these materials.
There is an immediate market for recycling material that has created employment for brokers and
scrap dealers. Today materials such as iron, aluminium, glass and paper are considered
recyclable. 40% of the form used in America alone is made from recycled paper raw materials.
The recycling methods vary, but the collection method is the most popular. Recycling is another
option that consumers have noted to make environmentally sound choices by avoiding using
plastic paper bags that are non-degradable and reusing containers of some finished products such
as tins.
Recommendations
People should install substantial societal transformations to address the climate crisis.
One recommendation is that polluters should be held accountable and wasteful systems replaced
with sustainable and equitable ones. For recycling to be efficient, emissions should be centered
on the objectives of recycling firms, local governments, and manufacturers. Another
recommendation is that people should prefer purchasing products made from recycled materials.
When people become fond of choosing products made from recycled materials, they will
minimize their dependence on extracting raw materials. This system will lead to better use of the
world’s resources, translating to minimal toxic gases in the atmosphere. The other
recommendation is that recycling firms should sort their recyclables in the appropriate bins. Most
people throw various items into similar bins believing that recovery services will sort them.
Though these facilities are well-equipped, mixing several materials is not an appropriate method.

9

Besides, sorting recyclables is vital in guaranteeing efficient recycling systems since
contamination reduces the quality of items in recycling bins.

3) Introduction & Conclusion
Introduction
The world has undergone many natural cooling and warming cycles during flooding,
droughts, and thrilling weather patterns. Researchers have confirmed that the globe’s oceans and
atmosphere are heating progressively due to human actions. According to research, this heating
will worsen climate inconsistency and finally impact water and food safety worldwide.
Dominant to climate change and global warming is the greenhouse effect. In this regard, gases

10

like Carbon dioxide, methane, and Sulphur dioxide entering the earth’s atmosphere through
human actions contribute to the build-up of greenhouse gases, which are unswervingly released
into the air (Okafor). Moreover, climate change effects are among the environmental impacts
derived from solid waste management decisions. Other consequences include the health effects
attributed to the emission of ozone-depleting constituents such as depletion of non-renewable
resources, water bodies contamination, and Chloro-Flouro-Carbons (CFC). These ecological
effects are in addition to the socio-economic features of substitute ways of handling waste.
Recycling, waste minimization, and reusing characterize a fundamental and augmenting
possibility for indirect minimization of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enhanced
energy, fossil fuel avoidance, the conservation of improved energy, and resource efficiency. The
subject matter of this research comes at a period when climate change issues are being conversed
on a global scale. Therefore, this paper aims to advocate and encourage zero-waste recycling in
manufacturing products and services as a substitute for manufacturing from virgin sources due to
minimal carbon emissions and enhanced social services.
Conclusion
As people become aware of their environmental impacts, they can shift to alternative
ways that benefit their surroundings. Recycling plays a beneficial role in the community and
minimizes the dependence on virgin materials to manufacture products. There is a need to
develop a global response to global warming consistent with the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate change negotiations. Nations should not be allowed to meet obligations
contained in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change without the help of
local government agencies. Moreover, people and non-governmental organizations should
capitalize in zero-waste recycling endeavors due to their ecological and financial effectiveness.

11

Likewise, there is an urgent need for worldwide and national assertions to intensify zero-waste
guidelines to save the world from further degradation.

4) Final Draft: Revised paper (including Works Cited page)
Introduction
The world has undergone many natural cooling and warming cycles during flooding,
droughts, and thrilling weather patterns. Researchers have confirmed that the globe’s oceans and
atmosphere are heating progressively due to human actions. According to research, this heating
will worsen climate inconsistency and finally impact water and food safety worldwide.
Dominant to climate change and global warming is the greenhouse effect. In this regard, gases
like Carbon dioxide, methane, and Sulphur dioxide entering the earth’s atmosphere through

12

human actions contribute to the build-up of greenhouse gases, which are unswervingly released
into the air (Okafor). Moreover, climate change effects are among the environmental impacts
derived from solid waste management decisions. Other consequences include the health effects
attributed to the emission of ozone-depleting constituents such as depletion of non-renewable
resources, water bodies contamination, and Chloro-Flouro-Carbons (CFC). These ecological
effects are in addition to the socio-economic features of substitute ways of handling waste.
Recycling, waste minimization, and reusing characterize a fundamental and augmenting
possibility for indirect minimization of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enhanced
energy, fossil fuel avoidance, the conservation of improved energy, and resource efficiency. The
subject matter of this research comes at a period when climate change issues are being conversed
on a global scale. Therefore, this paper aims to advocate and encourage zero-waste recycling in
manufacturing products and services as a substitute for manufacturing from virgin sources d...


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