Most people attribute the creation of law enforcement and intelligence fusion centers with the events of September 11, 2001. However, from 1999–2002, a series of major events primed policy makers within the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement communities to formalize cross-community information sharing activities and ultimately to create an effective law enforcement and intelligence information-sharing environment. As the new millennium was set to begin, Ahmed Ressam (the Millennium Bomber) was stopped as he exited a ferry crossing from Canada to a remote U.S. entry point. The contents found in his trunk would have allowed Ressam to achieve his goal of setting off an explosive device at the Los Angeles airport. This event, which occurred just two years before 9/11, led to meetings regarding the creation of some type of fusion and/or sharing process. Further discussions would advance this idea in the fall of 2002. In October of 2002, unprovoked shootings in the Washington DC metropolitan area resulted in 10 people dead and three critically injured. At the outset of these shootings, a massive police investigation across local and federal levels developed to apprehend the so-named Beltway Sniper. Local and federal law enforcement officials in the East attempted to fit the pieces together and analyze messages left by the killer or killers. This sniper case, combined with previous lessons learned, culminated in the realization for the need to formalize a multijurisdictional information-sharing activity. Members from across the law enforcement community—combining with elements of the homeland security, defense, and intelligence communities—set about institutionalizing this effort as quickly as possible.Assignment GuidelinesFor this assignment, you are a member of the law enforcement community tasked with institutionalizing this effort.Address the following in 2-3 pages:What are the challenges for federal, state, and local law enforcement in collecting intelligence information as it pertained to these two events? Explain.What lessons were learned from these events with regards to intelligence collection and information-sharing? Explain.What recommendations can you offer on how to create an information-sharing environment? Explain.How would your recommendation effectively formalize multijurisdictional information sharing to counter some of existing challenges? Explain.Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.

Prompt Choose a controversial court case (OJ Simpson Murder Trial) in which the judicial process created civil unrest and discord or was otherwise the subject of national media scrutiny, and that aligns with your educational and professional interests in criminal justice. First, discuss the facts, the legal issues, the judicial proceedings, the procedural history, and the holding(s) of the court case. Next, identify and analyze the underlying cause(s) of the controversy related to the court case. Then explore whether the courts could have taken any alternative courses of direction that would have remedied the situation more appropriately and effectively. Finally, conclude with your perspective on what this court case illustrates about the role of criminal justice professionals in the criminal justice system, along with the workings of courts and the judicial process more generally. Remember that you are developing this presentation for your supervisor; your goal should be to demonstrate superior analysis and communication skills. As this is a self-sustaining presentation, you will need to include speaker notes or a transcript. Although not a requirement, producing an audio recording or a video recording with audio is highly recommended, as oral and visual presentation are key communication skills for criminal justice professionals. Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed: I. Introduction  A. Overview of Case: Provide a brief overview of your selected controversial court case in which the judicial process created civil unrest and discord or was otherwise the subject of national media scrutiny. In other words, describe the case as a whole, providing a broad sense of the context of the case. B. Selection of Case: Explain how this case is relevant to you, as a criminal justice professional. In other words, why did you select this particular court case? What makes this case interesting to you professionally?   II. Background of the Case  A. Facts: Provide a clear, succinct, and accurate summary of the key facts of the case. For instance, on what date(s) did the crime occur? Who was involved? What weapon was used (if there was one)?  B. Timeline: Develop a clear, accurate timeline of your controversial court case that summarizes the decision of the court. Specifically, the timeline of your case should include: 1. The legal issues 2. The judicial proceedings 3. The procedural history 4. The holding(s) C. Verdict: Defend, with evidence, your position on the court’s verdict. In other words, did the court issue the most appropriate verdict in the case? Why or why not? Ensure that you communicate your defense clearly and effectively.  D. Type of Court: Explain where (local, state, or federal court) the case was tried, specifically including whether the case was tried in civil court as well as criminal court. Why was the case tried in civil court, or why was it not?  E. Similarities: Explain the similarities between the procedures in the criminal trial that occurred and the procedures in a civil trial (whether actual or potential) for your case.  F. Differences: Explain the differences between the procedures in the criminal trial that occurred and the procedures in a civil trial (whether actual or potential) for your case.   III. Causes of Controversy  A. Media Coverage: Assess the impact of media coverage of the case on the judicial process. For instance, how did the news media shape public perception of the case? How did this, in turn, affect the court proceedings? Or, how did the selection of photographs and videos used by the media impact public opinion and the judicial process? B. Fairness: Assess the fairness of the administration of the judicial process in your case. In other words, how fair and equitable was the judicial process? Why did the judicial process cause such a controversy?  IV. Reaction to Controversy  A. Reaction Explanation: Explain the reaction by the criminal justice court system, the media, and local, state, or national politicians to the perceived equality of the judicial process, supporting your response with specific examples. For instance, were politicians acting in a way that caused bias? Did local media provide objective coverage of the case? Did national media demonstrate sufficient, in-depth knowledge of the facts?  B. Reaction Defense: Justify, with evidence, the appropriateness and effectiveness of the court system’s reaction to the controversy during the trial. Ensure that you communicate your justification clearly and effectively.  C. Alternatives Explanation: How could the court system have responded more appropriately and effectively to the controversy during and after the trial? In other words, what alternative courses of direction could the court system have taken? How could the judicial system have worked in a more fair and ethical way?  D. Alternatives Defense: Defend, with evidence, your conclusions about how the court system could have taken an alternative course of direction that might have remedied the situation more appropriately and effectively. Ensure that you communicate your defense clearly and effectively. V. Conclusion  A. Professional Role: What does this court case illustrate about the role of criminal justice professionals and the operation of the criminal justice court system? B. Systemic Reforms: Based on your analysis of the controversial court case, explain whether larger, systemic reforms of the criminal justice system and the criminal justice profession are necessary, and what such reforms may be. What evidence do you have to support your conclusions?   Guidelines for Submission: Your presentation must include speaker notes or a transcript. Audio and video are strongly encouraged because of the importance of communication in the criminal justice profession. Your presentation should have 12–15 slides, although this is a minimum requirement; depending on the controversial court case you select, you may need more slides to comprehensively analyze your court case. You should use current APA style guidelines for your citations and reference list. I will include the two previous milestones that make up the bulk of this assignment for reference to the above elements that need to be addressed.