ACCC Nursing Type II Diabetes Management Question

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Aorybhny01

Health Medical

Allen County Community College US

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my pico is: In adults with type II diabetes aged 18-60 who are mobile phone users, will the use of a health application to monitor food intake and exercise improve their A1C compared to traditional diabetic classes? 

you began the journey towards the Evidence-Based Project, which will be completed at the end of your clinical courses with the creation of your PICO question. You began by writing an evidence-based paper explaining the significance of the problem and discussed the Theoretical Model that you will use for your research. In this course, you will continue your literature review by searching databases for high-level studies (Level I or II) such as systematic reviews, rather than summary articles.This paper must be submitted in 7th edition APA format. No exceptions. You are to use the 7th edition Student Paper format. You can refer to your APA manual for examples of this particular paper. This is a scholarly paper and should be written as such.


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1 [Insert Title here] [Insert Names of Author(s) here] Texas Woman’s University As a student you are responsible for utilizing the appropriate TWU coversheet, rubric and current APA edition at the time of your submission. This paper is only a sample and not all inclusive, but to be used as a guide. 2 [Insert Title here] This paragraph should be your Introduction. Your introduction follows the title of your paper (note that title is not bolded). You should start your introduction with a powerful statement or two to stimulate interest. You should identify the purpose of your paper and provide a preview of what the paper will include. Remember that formal papers are in third person. In setting up your paper, you should introduce the clinical question in PICO or PICOT format. You should define each of these (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Timeframe). Significance of the Problem (FNP I) This section should answer the question “why is this important?” You may support this problem through examples from your own experience and clinical practice. It may be beneficial to include incidence/prevalence or other appropriate data in order to establish relevance and urgency. Be sure to add any supportive clinical guidelines or references as appropriate. Review rubric for specifics. Theoretical Model (FNP I) ACE Star Model. See Rubric for a more thorough explanation of what is needed here Search Strategy and Results (FNP II) This section should include your search words and terms, the databases used along with the results in those databases for each word or term, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reason for exclusion of a study that meets your inclusion criteria needs to be explained either by your exclusion criteria (e.g., English, adults, humans) or your inability to obtain the article despite your best efforts. You should summarize the final result by identifying the number of studies in each category (e.g., # of RCTs, # of qualitative studies, # of cohort studies, # of 3 systematic reviews, etc.). This can be achieved through the use of a figure so you can provide a brief summary and then refer the reader to the figure. Level of Evidence (FNP II) Level of evidence hierarchy that is used for this paper. Literature Review (FNP II) Evaluate the chosen literature as a whole in relation to your stated problem, grouping the articles into similar categories and examining the strengths and weaknesses of the literature review and how it either supports or does not support your stated problem. Keep in mind that the articles in this section should be research studies or systematic reviews, not summary articles. This is all about the evidence rather than someone else’s opinion of the evidence. Do not use secondary sources; you need to get the article, read it, and make your own decision about quality and applicability to your question even if you did find out about the study in a systematic review. You will need to define what evidence rating scale you are using (SORT, Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Rating Scale, American Medical Association (AMA), etc.) When writing about a study you should include at minimum the study design, setting, sample, and evidence rating. Do NOT address each study and give a summary. Your summary table of evidence (Appendix A/B) will do that. Discuss the “high points” in this review. Call out the most significant data that helped or that you think will help you decide whether or not to change a practice. Finally, the studies in this section MUST relate directly to your PICOT question. Conclude with a summary statement regarding the strength of your evidence. So. . . what is the answer to your question? 4 Analysis of Literature (FNP III) Evaluate the chosen literature as a whole in relation to your stated problem. DO NOT simply restate the information in your table or from the previous review. You should group articles into similar categories examining overall strength and weakness. This section should support your conclusion. This is the “So what” part of the paper. Is there enough information to suggest/enact a change? If not, what can/should be done? Clinical Implication (PREC II) Clearly interpret the answer and outcome to your PICO question by utilizing your research findings. How or in what ways is your PICO and solution relevant in clinical practice? How will your solution be implemented in clinic (must be specific and integrate theoretical model you chose)? Conclusion The conclusion should start with a statement regarding the intention of the paper and your achievement toward that intention. Also, it should briefly say what was included in the paper. The outcome of the literature review and analysis should clearly be linked to the problem. Discuss how you plan to use the results of this review of literature in relation to your stated problem. Remember that the introduction is a preview, and this section should contain a summary. This section should logically “set up” your implementation plan which is part of the Clinical Project Paper required next semester. 5 References [Insert Reference List here] Remember that this is a reference list rather than a bibliography. A bibliography is everything you read to prepare the paper, but a reference list is only what you cited. If there is not a citation for a reference, it should not be here. 6 Appendix A (FNP II) Summary of Primary Sources of Evidence Citation of Evidence Legend: Study Question or Study Design Hypothesis Sample/Setting Independent and Data Collection & Findings Dependent Analysis Variables & Tools Used Recommendation/ Level of Implications Evidence 7 Appendix B (FNP II) Summary of Systematic Reviews (SR) Citation of SR Legend: Objective, Aim, Purpose Search Strategy Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria Data Extraction and Results Analysis Recommendation/ Implications Level of Evidence 8 Figure Appendix A (FNP II) Summary of Primary Sources of Evidence Citation Study Study Sample/ of Question Desig Setting Evidenc or n e Hypothes is Independe Data Finding RecommendatioLevel of nt and Collectio s n/ Evidenc Dependent n & Implications e Variables Analysis & Tools Used Legend: Appendix B (FNP II) Summary of Systematic Reviews (SR) CitationObjective Search Inclusion/ Data ResultsRecommendation Level of of SR , Aim, StrategyExclusion Criteria Extractio / Evidence Purpose n and Implications Analysis CitationObjective Search Inclusion/ Data ResultsRecommendation Level of of SR , Aim, StrategyExclusion Criteria Extractio / Evidence Purpose n and Implications Analysis Legend:
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1

Type II Diabetes Management

Student’s Name(s)
Institutional Affiliation(s)
Course Details
Instructor’s Name(s)
Date

2
Type II Diabetes Management
Introduction: Background and Significance of the Problem
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from an array of dysfunctions, including the resistance
to the action of insulin or its insufficient secretion, including inappropriate secretion of
glucagon, a hormone responsible for blood glucose regulation. It is essential to acknowledge
that managing T2D is an integral concern to heighten patient safety and alleviate the risk of
T2D-related complications. Based on an array of risks associated with T2D, effective
management requires centering the patient’s interests, including their desires and abilities,
and involvement in the decision-making process. Unsuccessful glycemic control among
patients with T2D is associated with long-term complications such as nephropathy and
retinopathy, blood vessel constriction, and cardiovascular problems. These outcomes are
related to unhealthy dietary plans, physical inactivity, and issues such as non-adherence to
medications and irregular blood glucose monitoring (Pamungkas et al., 2017). As a result, as
the American Diabetes Association (ADA) presents, Diabetes self-management education
(DSME) is a fundamental approach to encouraging self-care behaviors, essential in recovery.
The interest in self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes continues to
heighten with the use of technology in healthcare. Traditionally, T2D patients attend diabetic
classes to monitor food intake and exercise to enhance their A1C results. With technological
advancement, using a health application is integral to improving self-management. Self-care
practices intend to enhance efficiency in glycaemic control and are essential for practitioners
to improve outcomes and enhance the quality of care. The PICO of interest is, in adults with
type II diabetes aged 18-60 who are mobile phone users, will using a health application to
monitor food intake and exercise improve their A1C compared to traditional diabetic classes?
Search Strategies and Level of Evidence

3
A comprehensive examination of sources was carried out for this project, providing a
piece of high-quality evidence applicable in practice. Four databases CINAHL, PubMed
Central, and PubMed, were evaluated for relevant articles, which are fundamental and highquality sources for nursing and medical-related research, confirming their usefulness for this
research. The search terms included “type 2 diabetes,” “self-management,” and “Type 2
Diabetes AND Health applications.
Standard inclusion and exclusion criteria were used for each database to obtain the
final selections. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and the Winona State
University’s EBP toolkit (https://libguides.winona.edu/ebptoolkit/Levels-Evidence) were
used in determining the studies to incorporate in the review. The criteria for inclusion include
a selection of studies that incorporate T2D patients as participants, T2D and self-management
as the core concepts, and healthcare context. Furthermore, types of sources were an integral
approach to inclusion. Only studies under Level I and Level II, including systematic reviews
of RCTs (randomized controlled trials) and RCTs, were included in this review.
Additionally, only studies conducted in the last five years were included in the review.
Studies conducted past five years were primarily excluded in this project, mainly to ensure
the acquisition of current and up-to-date information. Additionally, types of designs not under
the level I and II in the hierarchy of evidence, including qualitative studies controls without
randomization, single studies, etc., were excluded from the study.
Notably, 45, 280, and 200 articles were generated from CINAHL, PubMed Central,
and PubMed, respectively. A total of 15 full-text publications meeting the eligibility were
identified, from which only two from each database were selected based. These six articles
were selected based on newness or the latest year of publication. A universal finding from
these studies is that T2D patients attained better glycemic control, alongside other outcomes
such as increased physical activity, adherence to medication, and healthy dietary habits.

4
Literature Review
Numerous studies provide consistent evidence affirming the efficiency of the health
applications in enhancing health outcomes among patients with T2D. Lim et al. (2021)
ascertain that lifestyle interventions are necessary for diabetes management, using the
smartphone apps to manage schedules for dietary and exercise alongside the health data. Lim
et al. (2021) affirm that the findings of the study confirm that smartphone-based lifestyle
intervention is more effective or successful in weight management and glycemic control for
T2...


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