Question Description
I'm working on a humanities multi-part question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.
- Watch the video included as a comment on the VoiceThread. Give a short summary and tell me what you learned about Dr. Hayes from watching this video.
- Explain the effects of atrazine based on Hayes paper? Be specific based on the results I outline in the lecture.
- What were the results from the Carr paper? How do they differ from the Hayes paper? How were they the same? (Link for Questions 1-3 https://www.newyorker.com/video/watch/the-new-york...)
- What is the economic impact of atrazine on corn production?
- What is the EcoRisk group?
- Why would it be easier to attack the science instead of the policy?
- How does the US regulatory agencies differ from those in Europe?
- What was the result of the class action lawsuit settled against Syngenta in 2012(Link for Questions 1-5https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/02/10/a-va...)
- Watch this TED Talk from Dr. Hayes and write your slack response about both the Ted Talk and anything of interest from this module.It's a really interesting and somewhat upsetting story (in my opinion) so I'd really like to hear what you think - not just related to his TED talk here but anything that you found interesting or deserving of discussion from any of the videos, readings, or lecture.Remember for full credit, your response needs to be at least 200 words and you also must respond to at least one classmate.
- What is the effect of lead on animals? (this takes several slides to cover, make sure you include all the information)
- What are the arguments against using steel shot?
- How did conservation groups work to limit lead ammunition in the Grand Tetons (based on video)?
- Based on the TED Talk video, why was condor recovery program controversial?
- In the Finkelstein et al. (2012) paper on California Condors, what do the authors project to happen under the four scenarios of lead management (Figure 4A)? Why does this mean condors are likely a conservation reliant species?
- Read this article written by a hunter about his perspective on banning lead ammunition. It's important to note that this is published in a conservation organization's website blog - so may be a conservation-biased perspective. https://www.nrdc.org/onearth/hunter-asks-why-are-l...There is only one question to answer: 1. Explain the perspective of the hunter in this blog. What arguments does he make for why he doesn't use lead ammunition anymore?
- Why do you think there is such resistance to banning lead ammunition for non-waterfowl hunting?(This question must be at least 200 words long )
Explanation & Answer
View attached explanation and answer. Let me know if you have any questions.
Running head: LEARNING GOAL
1
Learning Goal
Student
Institution
Date
LEARNING GOAL
2
Question 1
Dr. Hayes is a man who is highly motivated by his work. He can be described as a man of
ethics, morals, and principles and one who stands by the truth. Hayes's motivation cannot be said
to originate from his race as an African American; instead, he can be described as a man
motivated by his love for nature. His love for amphibians can be stated as his driving force, one
which he appears willing to defend. Dr. Hayes is a researcher or a scientist who focuses more on
helping society rather than destroying society. His passion for amphibians seems to overcome his
love for money. This can be why he turned down offers by Syngenta to falsify his results in their
favor.
Question 2
Atrazine has a myriad of effects on frogs, especially male frogs. It hinders the proper
development of reproductive organs; in this case, it can be stated as a herbicide that disturbs the
frog's sexual development. Significant levels of Atrazine often found in the environment
demasculinize tadpoles. This, in turn, turns these tadpoles into hermaphrodites, which means that
they are creatures with both female and male organs. Atrazine also lowers testosterone levels in
sexually mature frogs, especially male frogs, to levels lower than those found in female frogs.
Hayes states, "Atrazine-exposed frogs don't have normal reproductive systems."
Part 2
Question 1
The economic benefit of Atrazine to corn growers and corn production appears to be
immense. Research has shown that the cost-benefit of using Atrazine helps boost corn yield by at
least 6%. Additional research has shown that corn production will experience a 3%-4%
additional yield increase. In his study, Paul Mitchell claimed that Atrazine's economic impact on
LEARNING GOAL
3
corn production is great. He stated that corn acreage and prices had increased more than 2.7
times from $18.6 billion to $54.3 billion from 2008 to 2010. The main benefit of Atrazine is that
it helps corn producers in weed control, increases the overall harvest yield, and contributes to
cost reduction.
Question 2
EcoRisk group is a California-based company that offers environmental consultancy and
technical solutions for government and business clients. They specialize in natural resources
damage assessment, risk assessment, evaluation, and the analysis of ecotoxicity data and
litigation support.
Question 3
Science provides the facts used in policy making. This means that policy is a by-product
of science, making it hard to fight since, most often, policies are made for the greater public
good. Fighting science is obviously, much easier as it can be considered the infancy stage of
policy making. Science consists of data, variables, assumptions, and many other items. These
items can be easily discredited contrary to policy. Like in Hayes's case, it is easier to state that
data is not statistically significant or there is a wrong interpretation of results.
Question 4
American regulatory agencies differ from their European counterparts because the U.S.
regulatory bodies deal with national policies, in this case, one nation comprising 50 states. This
is in contrast to the E.U., which is a collection of different nations, each with its vested interests.
The E.U. is governed by treaties signed between member states contrary to the U.S. regulatory
bodies, which fall under the federal government. There is a clear procedure for legislation to be
adopted within the E.U., wh...
