NSG 4055 Broward Community College Chronic Illness Discussion

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NSG 4055

Broward Community College

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Identifying a Group

Identify a chronic illness of specific interest to you that is also identified as a Healthy People 2030 topic (https://health.gov/healthypeople). In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, address the following criteria:

  • Identify a chronic illness and rationale for choice.
  • Develop a questionnaire by utilizing your knowledge of health and illness, with the aim of acquiring all information you need from patients to prepare a plan of care for the specific illness group.
  • Discuss morbidity and comorbidity of the disease.
  • Discuss the impact of the chronic illness and patient morbidity on overall health of the nation.
  • Incorporate Healthy People 2030 goals and objectives for the specific illness group.

Healthy People (.gov) is the main source I used

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; Andrew Byles Department of Nursing, South University NSG4055 - Illness and Disease Management Across Lifespan Sickle Cell Disease July 18, 2022 SICKLE CELL DISEASE 1 Sickle Cell Disease According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) affects approximately 100,000 Americans, many of whom are African American, and more than 20 million people worldwide. Sickle Cell Disease is an inherited trait that alters the shape of red blood cells from round to crescent shape. An abnormal shape may lead to several complications: production of faulty hemoglobin that delivers inadequate oxygen throughout the body and severe pain as the sickle shapes link together and damage blood vessels. Currently, blood transfusions and bone marrow transplants are the only cure for the disease. Questionnaire Juburi and Okoye (2012) provided a list of questions appropriate for individuals with Sickle Cell Disease: 1. What is your age? 2. What is your ethnic origin? 3. In the past year, how many times have you seen or called your healthcare provider for help with a Sickle Cell crisis? A. Never B. Rarely (1-2/year) C. Sometimes (3-4/year) D. Occasionally (Monthly) E. Frequently (Weekly) 4. How often do you interact with your healthcare provider about pain management? A. Never B. Rarely (1-2/year) C. Sometimes (3-4/year) D. Occasionally (Monthly) E. Frequently (Weekly) 5. How often do you interact with your healthcare provider to get general advice about Sickle Cell Disease? SICKLE CELL DISEASE 2 A. Never B. Rarely (1-2/year) C. Sometimes (3-4/year) D. Occasionally (Monthly) E. Frequently (Weekly). Discuss Morbidities and Comorbidities of the Disease The morbidities and comorbidities of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) are numerous, as the disease may affect any organ within the body. According to Billett and Ogu (2018), acute comorbidities include vaso-occlusive disorder, stroke, acute renal failure, and splenic sequestration (pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen). Chronic comorbidities include avascular necrosis (AVN), pulmonary hypertension (PH), stroke, gout, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and ophthalmologic complications as an individual ages. Although long-term use of blood transfusions are effective, repeated transfusions may result in iron overload, known as hemosiderosis. Hemosiderosis may damage the cardiovascular and hepatic systems (Billett and Ogu, 2018, p. 527-528). Pain is the most common manifestation of Sickle Cell Disease as the result of tissue and organ damage. Acute vaso-occlusive episodes are common in the emergency departments and inpatient clinical settings. Opioids are prescribed to manage pain; however, long term use has led to opioid tolerance, abuse, and addiction (Billet and Ogu, 2018, p. 528). Discuss the Impact of the Sickle Cell Disease and Patient Morbidity on Overall Health of the Nation: According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2022), Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) affects millions of people throughout the world and is particularly common among those whose ancestors came from sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking regions in the Western Hemisphere (South America, the Caribbean, and Central America); Saudi Arabia; India; and the SICKLE CELL DISEASE 3 Mediterranean countries such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy. In the United States, it is estimated that: - Sickle Cell Disease affects approximately 100,000 Americans - Sickle Cell Disease occurs among 1 out of every 365 Black or African American births - Sickle Cell Disease occurs among 1 out of every 16,300 Hispanic American births - About 1 in 13 Black or African American babies is born with sickle cell trait (SCT). Furthermore, Sickle Cell Disease occurs more often among people from parts of the world where malaria is or was common. Scientists theorize that people who carry the sickle cell trait are less likely to have severe forms of malaria (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). Incorporate Healthy People 2030 Goals and Objectives for Sickle Cell Disease. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (2018) states that currently, Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) does not have an available cure. The main priority of individuals with the disease is to interact with their medical healthcare provider to develop a pain management plan. Important information to consider: - Mild pain is treated at home. Intolerable pain is treated in clinics or hospitals - Dehydration can worsen pain - Over the counter medication can help alleviate mild to moderate pain - Opioids may be prescribed for more severe pain - Clients are to interact with their healthcare provider about a medicine called hydroxyurea that may decrease pain episodes. SICKLE CELL DISEASE 4 References Billett, H. H., & Ogu, U. O. (2018). Comorbidities in sickle cell disease: Adult providers needed! Indian Journal of Medical Research, 147 (6), 527-529. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, May 2). Data & Statistics on sickle cell disease. Centers for disease control and prevention. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/data.html Juburi, G., & Okoye, O. (2012). Views of patients about sickle cell disease management in primary care: A questionnaire-based pilot study. JRSM short reports, 3 (11), 1-5. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24). Sickle cell disease – what is sickle cell disease? National heart lung and blood institute. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sickle-cell-disease U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018, September). Sickle cell disease: Managing pain. National heart lung and blood institute. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/education-and-awareness/sickle-cell Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, May 2). Data & statistics on Sickle Cell Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/data.html Sickle Cell Disease According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) affects approximately 100,000 Americans, many of whom are African American, and more than 20 million people worldwide. Sickle Cell Disease is an inherited trait that alters the shape of red blood cells from round to crescent shape. An abnormal shape may lead to several complications: production of faulty hemoglobin that delivers inadequate oxygen throughout the body and severe pain as the sickle shapes link together and damage blood vessels. Currently, blood transfusions and bone marrow transplants are the only cure for the disease. Questionnaire Juburi and Okoye (2012) provided a list of questions appropriate for individuals with Sickle Cell Disease: 1. What is your age? 2. What is your ethnic origin? 3. In the past year, how many times have you seen or called your healthcare provider for help with a Sickle Cell crisis? A. Never B. Rarely (1-2/year) C. Sometimes (3-4/year) D. Occasionally (Monthly) E. Frequently (Weekly) 4. How often do you interact with your healthcare provider about pain management? A. Never B. Rarely (1-2/year) C. Sometimes (3-4/year) D. Occasionally (Monthly) E. Frequently (Weekly) 5. How often do you interact with your healthcare provider to get general advice about Sickle Cell Disease? A. Never B. Rarely (1-2/year) C. Sometimes (3-4/year) D. Occasionally (Monthly) E. Frequently (Weekly). Discuss Morbidities and Comorbidities of the Disease The morbidities and comorbidities of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) are numerous, as the disease may affect any organ within the body. According to Billett and Ogu (2018), acute comorbidities include vaso-occlusive disorder, stroke, acute renal failure, and splenic sequestration (pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen). Chronic comorbidities include avascular necrosis (AVN), pulmonary hypertension (PH), stroke, gout, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and ophthalmologic complications as an individual ages. Although long-term use of blood transfusions are effective, repeated transfusions may result in iron overload, known as hemosiderosis. Hemosiderosis may damage the cardiovascular and hepatic systems (Billett and Ogu, 2018, p. 527-528). Pain is the most common manifestation of Sickle Cell Disease as the result of tissue and organ damage. Acute vaso-occlusive episodes are common in the emergency departments and inpatient clinical settings. Opioids are prescribed to manage pain; however, long term use has led to opioid tolerance, abuse, and addiction (Billet and Ogu, 2018, p. 528). SICKLE CELL DISEASE 1 Discuss the Impact of the Sickle Cell Disease and Patient Morbidity on Overall Health of the Nation: According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2022), Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) affects millions of people throughout the world and is particularly common among those whose ancestors came from sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking regions in the Western Hemisphere (South America, the Caribbean, and Central America); Saudi Arabia; India; and the Mediterranean countries such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy. In the United States, it is estimated that: - Sickle Cell Disease affects approximately 100,000 Americans Sickle Cell Disease occurs among 1 out of every 365 Black or African American births Sickle Cell Disease occurs among 1 out of every 16,300 Hispanic American births About 1 in 13 Black or African American babies is born with sickle cell trait (SCT). Furthermore, Sickle Cell Disease occurs more often among people from parts of the world where malaria is or was common. Scientists theorize that people who carry the sickle cell trait are less likely to have severe forms of malaria (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). Incorporate Healthy People 2030 Goals and Objectives for Sickle Cell Disease. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (2018) states that currently, Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) does not have an available cure. The main priority of individuals with the disease is to interact with their medical healthcare provider to develop a pain management plan. Important information to consider: - Mild pain is treated at home. Intolerable pain is treated in clinics or hospitals Dehydration can worsen pain Over the counter medication can help alleviate mild to moderate pain Opioids may be prescribed for more severe pain Clients are to interact with their healthcare provider about a medicine called hydroxyurea that may decrease pain episodes. References Billett, H. H., & Ogu, U. O. (2018). Comorbidities in sickle cell disease: Adult providers needed! Indian Journal of Medical Research, 147 (6), 527-529. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, May 2). Data & Statistics on sickle cell disease. Centers for disease control and prevention. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/data.html SICKLE CELL DISEASE Juburi, G., & Okoye, O. (2012). Views of patients about sickle cell disease management in primary care: A questionnaire-based pilot study. JRSM short reports, 3 (11), 1-5. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24). Sickle cell disease – what is sickle cell disease? National heart lung and blood institute. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sickle-cell-disease U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018, September). Sickle cell disease: Managing pain. National heart lung and blood institute. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/education-and-awareness/sickle-cell Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, May 2). Data & statistics on Sickle Cell Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved July 14, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/data.html 2
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Outline
Title; Sickle Cell Disease


Sickle cell disease (SCD) is my choice of discussion in this paper. Sickle cell disease
refers to a group of inherited genetic red...


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