The Federal Infrastructure TodayGamble v. United States, 587 U.S. ___ , 139 S. Ct. 1960 (2019) (find through Lexis or Westlaw Next)1. What does "dual sovereignty" mean?2. How does the dual sovereignty doctrine affect the outcome of this case?3. What is Justice Gorsuch's argument?Ilya Somin, “Federalism and the Roberts Court,” Publius (June, 2016): 1-22 (find through the MSU Library web portal)1. What is Somin's definition of federalism?2. Somin contends the Roberts Court's federalism jurisprudence cannot be wholly understood along the left-right political divide. What is Somin's argument about how the Court's jurisprudence can best be understood? What evidence does he use to support this claim?Gwen Arnold, “When Cooperative Federalism Isn’t: How U.S. Federal Interagency Contradictions Impede Effective Wetland Management,” Publius 45, no. 2 (Spring 2015): 244-269.1. What is “cooperative federalism”? The word cooperation suggests that two entities have authority (sovereignty) regarding the actions taken to reach a common goal. Do the examples of cooperative federalism given in this article exemplify this common definition of “cooperation”? Why or why not?2. What was the chief cause of the problem between the Corps of Engineers and the EPA?3. Who are the interested parties in the enforcement of federal statutes and regulations?Jason Snead and John-Michael Seibler, “Cooperative Federalism and Low-Altitude Drone Operations,” Heritage Foundation (Dec. 15, 2017) (read the full report at this link: https://www.heritage.org/government-regulation/report/cooperative-federalism-and-low-altitude-drone-operations (Links to an external site.)). 1. What is the threshold for state and local authority versus federal authority of drone regulation under current law? What would the threshold be under the proposed Drone Federalism Act? Under the proposed law, why does the federal government get to regulate above a certain level?2. How does the concept of “preemption” apply to the current and proposed regulatory schemes for drones?3. What authority do the authors cite as supporting the idea of property rights and state/local-level regulatory authority outside of federal reach?4. What is the debate about?5. What is the “police power”?6. What are the arguments in favor of a state role in regulating drones? What are those in favor of a federal role?7. What is the argument the authors make for cooperative federalism? Do you agree? Why or why not?

Final Paper Please read these assignment instructions before writing your paper, and re-read them often during and after the writing process to make sure that you are fulfilling all of the instructions. Please also utilize the assignment guidance and the outlined model provided.Overview In the Week One Assignment, you formulated a concrete ethical question, took a position on that topic, and identified a reason supporting and a reason opposing that position. In the Week Three Assignment, you discussed either deontological or utilitarian theory, applied that theory to the question, and raised a relevant objection.By engaging with the course material, you now have had a chance to refine your thinking and broaden your understanding of the problem by approaching it from the perspective of multiple ethical theories.In this paper, you will demonstrate what you have learned by writing an essay in which youPresent a revised formulation of the ethical question and introduction to the topic.Explain the kind of reasoning you think is the best way to approach this question, and how that reasoning supports the position you think is strongest.Raise an objection, and be able to respond to it.Instructions Write an essay that conforms to the requirements below. The paper must be 1500 to 2000 words in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. The paragraphs of your essay should conform to the following guidelines:Introduction Your first paragraph should begin with the topic question, suitably revised. It should be focused, concrete, and on a relevant moral problem. You should then introduce the topic in the way described by the Week One instructions, but reflecting the developed understanding and information you have gained about the topic and any necessary refinement of the scope. Follow this with a thesis statement that states your position, and a brief description of the primary reason(s) supporting your position. (See the handout on thesis statements provided). Finally, provide a brief preview of the overall aim and procedure of your paper.Explanation and Demonstration of Moral Reasoning This section of the Final Paper will explain and demonstrate what you believe to be the best way of reasoning about the question you have chosen, and showing how that reasoning supports the position you have taken on the question. You might explain the principles, rules, values, virtues, conceptions of purposes and ends, and other general ideas that you find persuasive, and show how they support concrete judgments. In the course of doing so, you must make reference to at least two of the approaches that we have examined in the course (such as deontological, utilitarian, or virtue-based), and utilize at least one resource off the provided list for each of the two approaches. One of these theories may be the theory you discussed in your Week Three Assignment, but your discussion here should be more refined. For example, you might find the reasoning associated with Aristotelian virtue ethics to be the most compelling, and reference Aristotle in the process of showing how that reasoning supports a certain conclusion. In the course of this, you could contrast that with a utilitarian approach, referencing Mill for instance.Objection and Response After explaining the ethical reasoning that supports your position, you should raise an objection and respond to it. An objection articulates a plausible reason why someone might find the argument weak or problematic. You should explain how it brings out this weakness, and do so in a way that would be acceptable to someone who disagrees with your own argument. Then, provide the best response you can to the objection, showing how it does not undermine your position. Your response should not simply restate your original position or argument, but should say something new in support of it.Conclusion Provide a conclusion that sums up what you presented in the paper and offers some final reflections.Resource Requirement You must use at least four scholarly resources. Two of the resources must be drawn from the list of acceptable primary resources on each of the two theories you discuss. For example, if you discuss deontology and virtue ethics, you would need at least one resource under the “Deontology” list and at least one resource under the “Virtue Ethics” list. The other two may be from either the Required or Recommended Resources, or scholarly resources found in the Ashford University Library.