Research Critique Guidelines – Part II Use this document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses. Quantitative Studies Introduction 1. Introduce your nursing practice problem and discuss the purpose of your paper. 2. State your PICOT question. Background of Studies 1. Summary of studies including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research question. How Do These Two Articles Support the Nursing Practice Problem You Chose? 1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question. 2. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question. Method of Studies 1. State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and describe how they are different. 2. State one benefit and one limitation of each method you have identified. Results of Studies 1. Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two comprehensive paragraphs. 2. What are the implications of the two studies in nursing practice? Ethical Considerations 1. Discuss two ethical consideration in conducting research. 2. Describe how the researchers in the two articles you choose took these ethical considerations into account while performing their research. Conclusion 1. Your conclusion should summarize the main points in the essay, including a varied restatement of the thesis. © 2022. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Nursing Research Assignment: PICOT Question Stephen Thomas Grand Canyon University NRS-433 Introduction to Nursing Research Eric Heckerson August 21th, 2022 Literature Evaluation Table Student Name: Stephen Thomas Nursing Practice Problem (200-250 words): The likelihood of older adult patients falling in nursing homes is estimated to be one in every two per year, with the overwhelming amount of these falls provoking significant distress and physical harm (Harris-Kojetin & Sengupta, 2018). According to CDC data, while nursing homes house a minority of people aged 60 and older, they account for more than a fifth of all fall-related deaths (Nursing Home Abuse Justice, 2022). Unfortunately, some cases go unreported. Because falls that result in severe injury or death can be disastrous for the injured, their families, and the facility, measures to prevent these falls are critical. Many falls in care facilities can result in severe injury or death, but they are ultimately preventable. Head injuries and fractures are the leading causes of death. Skin lesions, bladder infections, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism/stroke, and sepsis are some of the other causes (Harris-Kojetin & Sengupta, 2018). In the event of an injury, treatment costs are frequently exorbitant and may be unaffordable for some patients (Harris-Kojetin & Sengupta, 2018). According to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), each patient in a nursing facility will likely fall 2.6 times in a year (Nursing Home Abuse Justice, 2022). Understanding the factors responsible for adult falls is critical for this reason. PICOT Question: Are older adult patients (P) who reside in nursing homes (I) at increased risk for falls and subsequent complications(O) than those who do not reside in nursing facilities (C) from age 60 and above (T). 2 Criteria Article 1 Article 2 Article 3 APA-formatted article Buckinx, F., Croisier, J.-L., Goethals, L., Barth, N., Guyot, J., Montero-Odasso, M., Sarquis- citation with Reginster, J.-Y., Lenaerts, C., Hupin, D., Celarier, T., & Bongue, Adamson, Y., Song, H. Y., Bray, permalink Brunois, T., Rygaert, X., B. (2020). Impact of home N. W., Pieruccini-Faria, F., & Petermans, J., & Bruyère, O. quarantine on physical activity for Speechley, M. (2019). (2018). Prediction of the older adults living at home during Polypharmacy, gait performance, Incidence of Falls and Deaths the Covid-19 pandemic: and falls in community-dwelling Among Elderly Nursing Home Qualitative interview study older adults. Results from the gait Residents: The SENIOR Study. (Preprint). JMIR Aging, 3(1). and brain study. Journal of the Journal of the American Medical https://doi.org/10.2196/19007 American Geriatrics Society, Directors Association, 19(1), 18– 67(6), 1182–1188. 24. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15774 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.20 17.06.014 How does the article Elderly people frequently sustain Physical activity was one of the Polypharmacy, described as the relate to the PICOT costly fall-related injuries that can reasons for going out during the simultaneous use of multiple question? lead to hospitalizations, functional quarantine period following the medications, has recently been decline, and nursing home covid-19 pandemic. It is an associated with ambulation placement. These injuries are important issue because sedentary difficulties and falls. more prevalent in institutionalized lifestyles harm older adults. settings. Maintaining mobility in old age is important because it may prevent 3 sarcopenia and loss of muscle tone, which are major causes of falls. Is the article This article adopted a quantitative This article used a qualitative This article used a quantitative qualitative, design approach. The goal of study design. Qualitative research study design. The goal of quantitative, or mixed quantitative research is to figure makes sense of reality, describes quantitative research is typically methods? out the frequency or ubiquity of a and explains the social world, and to provide exact, impartial Justify your selection. health problem, the level of cultivates interpretive concepts approximations of variables of adherence of health personnel to a and theories. intrigue for the general public. This research aimed to assess how This work aimed to assess the This clinic-based cohort study well the different operating impacts of the quarantine period aimed to look at the cross- notions of functional decline on the physical and mental health sectional and quantitative forecast morbidity and falls of older adults. relationships between new intervention, or the level of users' satisfaction with a service. Purpose statement among older adults within one polypharmacy and gait year. performance. The researchers wanted to see if gait issues could mediate the relationship between the number of medications taken and the likelihood of falling. 4 Research question(s) Outcome(s) Does the functional decline in What are the impacts of the Does polypharmacy affect older adults indicate a higher fall quarantine period on physical ambulation in older patients? risk? activity programs? What are the operational What are the impacts of the definitions commonly used for quarantine period on the physical frailty? and mental health of older adults? According to these definitions, What are possible alternatives to how does frailty forecast the physical activity programs for this outcomes of falls among elderly population to avoid a sedentary adults? lifestyle? None of the various interpretations This study suggests that the The number of medications was of functional decline evaluated COVID-19 epidemic impacted the found to be interrelated with poor could precisely forecast the number of seniors participating in gait performance. Prospectively, frequency of falls and mortalities group regular exercise initiatives the number of medications was among elderly residents after one in the two study regions before linked to overall gait decline, year. quarantine measures. faster gait decline, and a higher risk of falling. Setting The study included over 600 The study involved older adults The researchers conducted the (Where did the study people from a sample of elderly and trainers in the French study in elderly clinics at a take place?) nursing home residents: An Federation of Physical Education university hospital in London, observational research (SENIOR) and Voluntary Gymnastics Ontario, Canada. cohort comprised men and women (FFMPEG) program in France 5 living in nursing homes in . America. Sample Six hundred and sixty-two Subjects included experts from the The participant population was subjects residing in care facilities French Federation of Physical two-hundred and forty-two older were interviewed. Education and Voluntary adults aged 65 and over residing Gymnastics (FFMPEG), including within the community. those in charge of physical exercise programs for older adults and sports trainers who oversee these physical activity programs, as well as older participants in an FFMPEG physical activity program. Method Each patient underwent a clinical The study used a qualitative The study design included a group assessment whereby mostly survey with semi-structured of resident elderly individuals who unique clinical characteristics interviews. A thematic analysis of researchers followed for five were collected to establish a the interviews followed this. years. The researchers tallied the reference point. Stepwise number of drugs, statistical spatial regression analyses were used to and temporal gait variables, and assess the likelihood of fatality falls during follow-up clinic visits. due to falls. 6 Key findings of the After one year, neither of the There is a need to assist older The performance of quantitative study and implications different interpretations of adults in integrating easy and spatial gait parameters influenced for nursing practice functional decline evaluated could secure ways to remain fit and the extent of the link between accurately predict the frequency of healthy in a constrained prescription drugs and tumbles, falls and fatalities among elderly environment. Furthermore, despite implying that stride perturbations residents. On the other hand, a reduction in their involvement in play a role in the medicine falls subjects with decreased muscular team fitness pursuits before the endurance and range of motion quarantine, elderly individuals appeared to have a higher stated that they wanted to engage frequency of negative health in exercise at home. pathway. outcomes. Recommendations of A healthcare strategic approach or The study's authors stress the need Further studies are needed to paint the researcher adapted physical activity aimed at to convey how crucial it is for a comprehensive picture. enhancing particular muscular elderly individuals to continue strength and flexibility could, but engaging in physical exercise at not markedly, decrease the home. After the quarantine period, number of falls and even lives there are legitimate concerns lost. about older adults' degree of autonomy and psychological wellness. The researchers suggest starting campaigns to encourage people to move more at home. 7 8 Criteria Article 4 Article 5 Article 6 APA-formatted article Maula, A., LaFond, N., Orton, Nait Aicha, A., Englebienne, G., Salvo, G., Lashewicz, B., Doyle- citation with E., Iliffe, S., Audsley, S., van Schooten, K., Pijnappels, M., Baker, P., & McCormack, G. permalink Vedhara, K., & Kendrick, D. & Kröse, B. (2018). Deep (2019). Use it or lose it: a Learning to Predict Falls in Older Environment Influences on qualitative study of the Adults Based on Daily-Life Physical Activity among Adults. maintenance of physical activity Trunk Accelerometry. Sensors, International Journal of in older adults. BMC Geriatrics, 18(5), 1654. Environmental Research and 19(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/s1805165 Public Health, 15(5), 897. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877- 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph150 019-1366-x (2018). Neighborhood Built 50897 How does the article Physical inactivity is a To prevent falls in older adults, The importance of physical relate to the PICOT recognized worldwide public timely identification of fall activity in maintaining good question? health issue that is increasing in hazards is essential. Wearable health and preventing disease prevalence and harms disease sensors can offer helpful insight cannot be overstated. Regular patterns worldwide. In the United into daily activities, and it has moderate-to-vigorous physical Kingdom, older adults are the been demonstrated that activity can lower the risk of most passive. Exercising biomechanical features derived chronic conditions like coronary provides numerous health from inertial data help determine heart disease, several 9 benefits, including enhanced fall risk. Body-worn sensors like malignancies, metabolic and endurance, muscular, skeletal, accelerometers can provide lifestyle diseases, and thrombotic and articular strength, insightful data about the events. It can also improve lipid independence, and a lower risk likelihood of falling. This study metabolism and cardiac, of falling in old age. investigated whether machine musculoskeletal, and mental learning's deep learning function. Nevertheless, most techniques are appropriate for grown-ups in high-income automatically extracting features nations like Canada, the United that evaluate fall risk from States, and Australia may not unprocessed accelerometer data. exercise enough physical activity to accrue the maximum health benefits. The WHO recommends that adults engage in at least 2.5 hours of moderate to vigorous exercise per week for recreation, transportation, work, play, sports, and exercise. Is the article The study used a qualitative This article used a quantitative This article adopted a qualitative qualitative, design was used in this article. study design. The goal of design approach. Because it quantitative, or mixed Qualitative research is essential quantitative research is typically addresses the "how" and "why" methods? in healthcare because it answers to provide the general public research questions and allows for Justify your selection. the "how" and "why" research with exact, unbiased a deeper understanding of 10 questions and enables a deeper approximations of variables of experiences, phenomena, and comprehension of experiences, interest. context, qualitative research is phenomena, and context. Purpose statement crucial. This research aimed to pinpoint To recognize activities and A qualitative study on this topic the enablers and impediments to ambulation trends from will provide important contextual exercise maintenance among gravitational telemetry data, deep insights into the determinants of older people who had convolutional and long short- exercise in older adults, such as participated in a three-pronged term memory recurrent neural the impact of supportive and trial of time-limited locally based networks have demonstrated constraining residential built exercise programs. success in machine learning. characteristics, which can inform However, using such models to local urban planning and policy. evaluate fall risk has never been done before. Research question(s) Can exercises for fall prevention The objectives were; How do the residential area and increase overall physical ● To compare the performance constructed surroundings activity? of deep learning models for influence elderly individuals' Could exercise help shape the predicting fall risk with a exercise habits? design and delivery of future baseline model based on exercise programs for the biomechanical features. elderly? ● To extend and test these models with multi-task 11 learning to enhance their performance. Outcome(s) Physical, social, psychological, The study's findings demonstrate The study's findings add to and physical facilitators and that deep-learning simulations in existing empirical data and obstacles were identified as a solitary task teaching approach provide insight into how important themes. Increased are strong at recognizing the workable, visual style, location, physical autonomy, enjoyment, subject's identity. Still, they only and stable constructed features positive evaluation of exercise marginally surpass the threshold affect regular exercise decision- and physical benefits, the techniques for determining the making. Age, gender, race, and importance of social interaction, likelihood of a fall. Deep social class all impacted the positive feedback, development learning models perform better constructed environmental of behavior considered normal or when multi-task learning with influence on physical activity. habitual, motivation, and self- sex and age as auxiliary tasks. efficacy were among these. The best performance was obtained by preprocessing the data, according to the researchers. Setting This study was conducted across The Vrije Universiteit The study reviewed thirty-six (Where did the study ten clinics in Nottingham and Amsterdam's cohort study on the peer-reviewed qualitative articles take place?) Derby in the United Kingdom. risk of falling in elderly released after 1998. individuals was the source of the 12 consolidated sensor data used in this study. Sample In the recruited practices, there In the cohort study, wearable The study reviewed thirty-six were one-hundred and twenty- sensors, physical examinations, peer-reviewed qualitative articles two participants; ninety-nine and questionnaires were used to released after 1998. satisfied the exclusion criteria gather information on the risk and were asked to participate in factors for falls in two-hundred the study. and ninety-six older adults. The age range of participants was 6599 years old. Method The study spanned a six-month The main data came from The investigators scanned treatment period and a two-year accelerometers that were worn databases for English peer- follow-up period. Individual trial by subjects. Participants always reviewed qualitative data with no participants' intervention era wore the accelerometer. They publishing date constraints that lasted from January 2010 to used a belt to attach it around mentioned links between the March 2012. Interviews for the their lower spine, except for constructed environment and qualitative study were conducted aquatic activities like showering. exercise in April 2016. around December 2015 up until For both fallers and non-fallers, Considering the multidisciplinary March 2016, or 4 to 6 years after the allocation of the overall essence of this study topic, treatment. Clinics mailed study duration they wore the sensor investigators looked for relevant invitations with participant was comparable. The activity articles in databases related to information sheets to trial classification method developed 13 participants who qualified for the by the manufacturer was used to fitness, recreation, city planning, present research. identify periods of not wearing and transit. anything, movement, sitting, lying down, and standing [20]. The current study examined only the kinematic intervals. The accelerometer measured the velocity along three axes for each interval of locomotion. Key findings of the Physical, social, psychological, The researchers concluded that The review investigates the study and implications and surrounding enablers and wearable sensor data could impact of lived experiences in for nursing practice obstacles were identified as accurately assess fall risk using adults' current neighborhood important themes. Increased deep learning models, environments on PA decision- physical autonomy, enjoyment, particularly multi-task learning. making and behavior. Notably, positive evaluation of exercise no studies in our review and physical benefits, the documented participants' lived significance of interpersonal experiences concerning changes engagement, positive feedback, in the neighborhood and exercise development of behavior shifts over time. considered normal or habitual, motivation, and self-efficacy were among these. To motivate 14 themselves, a few respondents used innovations that weren't part of the existing treatments, such as activity trackers and iPhones. Recommendations of The results of this research will This study demonstrates that More natural experiment the researcher be used to make policy on using accelerometer data research on the relationships exercise program commissioning collected in the home between the BE and PA has been and quality improvement, as well environment, machine learning urged to better assess temporal as develop an intervention to can predict older adults' risk of causal pathways. improve the continued fitness falling just as accurately as activities after aerobic training in traditional models, but without elderly persons. the need for manually extracted features. The researchers think this strategy will help society address the issue of healthy, active aging in the home. 15 References Buckinx, F., Croisier, J.-L., Reginster, J.-Y., Lenaerts, C., Brunois, T., Rygaert, X., Petermans, J., & Bruyère, O. (2018). Prediction of the Incidence of Falls and Deaths Among Elderly Nursing Home Residents: The SENIOR Study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 19(1), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.06.014 Goethals, L., Barth, N., Guyot, J., Hupin, D., Celarier, T., & Bongue, B. (2020). Impact of home quarantine on physical activity for older adults living at home during the Covid-19 pandemic: Qualitative interview study (Preprint). JMIR Aging, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.2196/19007 Harris-Kojetin, L., & Sengupta, M. (2018). Falls among assisted living residents: results from the 2016 national study of longterm care providers. Innovation in Aging, 2(suppl_1), 766–766. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.2833 Maula, A., LaFond, N., Orton, E., Iliffe, S., Audsley, S., Vedhara, K., & Kendrick, D. (2019). Use it or lose it: a qualitative study of the maintenance of physical activity in older adults. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1366x Montero-Odasso, M., Sarquis-Adamson, Y., Song, H. Y., Bray, N. W., Pieruccini-Faria, F., & Speechley, M. (2019). Polypharmacy, gait performance, and falls in community-dwelling older adults. Results from the gait and brain study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67(6), 1182–1188. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15774 Nait Aicha, A., Englebienne, G., van Schooten, K., Pijnappels, M., & Kröse, B. (2018). Deep Learning to Predict Falls in Older Adults Based on Daily-Life Trunk Accelerometry. Sensors, 18(5), 1654. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051654 16 Nursing Home Abuse Justice. (2022). Nursing Home Falls & Fractures - Causes, Prevention & Help. NursingHomeAbuse.org. https://www.nursinghomeabuse.org/nursing-home-abuse-injuries/falls-fractures/ Salvo, G., Lashewicz, B., Doyle-Baker, P., & McCormack, G. (2018). Neighborhood Built Environment Influences on Physical Activity among Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(5), 897. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15050897 17 Research Critique: Qualitative Studies Stephen Thomas Grand Canyon University NRS-433 Introduction to Nursing Research Eric Heckerson August 28th, 2022 Introduction Older adults are at greater risk for falls and complications than other populations. Falls in these populations put patients at high risk for serious injury, infection, fall-related complications, and death (Pahor, 2019). They must be carefully monitored to ensure that the proper precautions are taken in their daily activities, such as walking or bathing. According to Acker and Janssen (2017), older adults in care facilities are twice as likely to fall as their community-residing peers. They also found that falls in these populations could be attributed to factors such as ageassociated frailty, side effects of medications, physical environment, staff training and knowledge on fall prevention, and home infrastructure. Those who experience falls can be expected to suffer from many complications. Nursing staff must understand the frequency, incidence, and causes of these fall for older adults in a nursing home or other facility. This article will critically examine two qualitative research articles relating to this nursing problem to evaluate whether older adults in nursing homes are at greater risk for falls. PICOT Question: Are older adult patients (P) who reside in nursing homes (I) at increased risk for falls and subsequent complications(O) than those who do not reside in nursing facilities (C) from age 60 and above (T)? Background of Studies Older adults frequently sustain costly fall-related injuries that can lead to hospitalizations, functional decline, and nursing home placement. Buckinx et al. (2018) state these injuries are more prevalent in institutionalized settings. This study evaluated how nursing home residents' 2 various operational definitions of frailty predict mortality and falls at 1 year. This article adopted a quantitative design approach. Research Questions: 1. Does the functional decline in older adults indicate a higher fall risk? 2. What are the operational definitions commonly used for frailty? 3. According to these definitions, how does frailty forecast the outcomes of falls among elderly adults? Polypharmacy is described as the simultaneous use of multiple medications. It has recently been associated with ambulation difficulties and falls (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019). This clinic-based cohort study aimed to look at the cross-sectional and quantitative relationships between polypharmacy and gait performance. The researchers wanted to see if gait issues could mediate the relationship between the number of medications taken and the likelihood of falling. Research Questions: 1. Does polypharmacy affect gait performance in older patients? Relevance of Articles to the Nursing Practice Problem Older adults frequently sustain costly fall-related injuries that can lead to hospitalizations, functional decline, and nursing home placement. These injuries are more prevalent in institutionalized settings. This research aimed to identify whether the definitions of frailty could be significant risk factors that put older adult residents in nursing homes at greater risk for falls. Identifying these factors can help nurses provide better prevention and intervention strategies to reduce this problem (Buckinx et al., 2018). The study involved over 600 subjects from a sample of elderly nursing home residents living in nursing homes in America., specifically facilities that 3 provide both nursing care and long-term residential services. Findings suggested that frailty is not necessarily associated with higher mortality, more falls, and shorter length of stay. The clinic-based cohort study by Montero-Odasso et al. (2019) examined the crosssectional and quantitative relationships between polypharmacy and gait performance. The researchers wanted to see if gait issues could mediate the relationship between the number of medications taken and the likelihood of falling. Method of Studies The article by Buckinx et al. (2018) adopted a quantitative design approach. Each patient underwent a clinical assessment, collecting mostly unique clinical characteristics to establish a reference point. Buckinx et al. (2018) conducted this study as a retrospective cohort study. This was done as a survey to evaluate whether the definitions of frailty impacted falls among older adults residing in residential facilities. Stepwise regression analyses were used to assess the likelihood of fatality due to falls (Buckinx et al., 2018). The study design included a group of resident elderly individuals who researchers followed for five years (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019). The researchers tallied the number of drugs, statistical spatial and temporal gait variables, and falls during follow-up clinic visits. The researchers compared the number of falls with the number of medications taken by the patient and ultimately searched for a possible correlation between polypharmacy, incidences of falls, and mortality (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019). 4 Results of Studies Buckinx et al. (2018) stated that after one year, neither of the different interpretations of functional decline evaluated could accurately predict the frequency of falls and fatalities among elderly residents. On the other hand, subjects with decreased muscular endurance and range of motion appeared to have a higher frequency of negative health outcomes. According to Montero-Odasso et al. (2019), the performance of quantitative spatial gait parameters influenced the extent of the link between prescription drugs and tumbles, implying that stride perturbations play a role in the medicine falls pathway. However, an increase in the number of medications did not appear to influence the risk of tumbles; This was evident because the number of medications was not related to the fall rate once gait parameters were accounted for. When it comes to polypharmacy and gait, this research has a few limitations that merit involving other conditions such as arthritis when examining relationships between medicines and mobility (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019). Further studies are needed to paint a comprehensive picture. Ethical Considerations The study by Montero-Odasso et al. (2019) included a group of resident elderly individuals who researchers followed for five years. The authors used a cross-sectional design that does not observe temporal relationships. Therapeutic interventions were not implemented on the participants; therefore, the effect of medicines taken by subjects was not accounted for when assessing fall risk (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019). The methods used in this study may also have introduced bias into the findings. 5 The study by Buckinx et al. (2018) provides robust evidence that frailty is not an accurate predictor of falls and subsequent mortality among elderly patients residing in residential facilities in America. In addition, the study also reports that muscle strength and mobility are good predictors of falls and mortality among this population (Buckinx et al., 2018). Nurses need to consider multifactorial risk factors when assessing their older patients for the occurrence of falls. For instance, poor muscle strength and range of motion are contributing factors. According to Buckinx et al. (2018), frailty is not an accurate predictor of falls or mortality in these patients. Conclusion In conclusion, frailty is not an accurate predictor of falls and subsequent mortality among elderly patients residing in residential facilities in America (Buckinx et al., 2018). Intervention programs, however, need to be designed for these patients and multifactorial risk factors in considering frailty. For instance, poor muscle strength and mobility are contributing factors. Nurses need to consider multifactorial risk factors when assessing their older patients for the occurrence of falls (Buckinx et al., 2018). Concerning polypharmacy, Montero-Odasso et al. (2019) reported no significant relationship between the number of medications the patient took and the likelihood of tumbles within three months. However, for statistical spatial gait parameters, a stronger link between prescription drugs and tumbles was noted (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019). The results from this study imply that stride perturbations may play a role in the medicine falls pathway (MonteroOdasso et al., 2019). From this research, it is clear that the risk of falls among older adults in nursing homes may not result from frailty or the effects of polypharmacy. 6 References Acker, M., & Janssen, E. (2017). Are falls in the elderly less common in nursing homes compared with living at home? Evidence-Based Practice, 20(2), 7–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.EBP.0000541628.85587.81 Buckinx, F., Croisier, J.-L., Reginster, J.-Y., Lenaerts, C., Brunois, T., Rygaert, X., Petermans, J., & Bruyère, O. (2018). Prediction of the Incidence of Falls and Deaths Among Elderly Nursing Home Residents: The SENIOR Study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 19(1), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.06.014 Montero-Odasso, M., Sarquis-Adamson, Y., Song, H. Y., Bray, N. W., Pieruccini-Faria, F., & Speechley, M. (2019). Polypharmacy, gait performance, and falls in community-dwelling older adults. Results from the gait and brain study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67(6), 1182–1188. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15774 Pahor, M. (2019). Falls in Older Adults. JAMA, 321(21), 2080. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.6569 7
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