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Negative z Scores Standard Normal (z) Distribution: Cumulative Area from the Left z negative 3.50 and lower -3.4 -3.3 -3.2 -3.1 -3 -2.9 -2.8 -2.7 -2.6 -2.5 -2.4 -2.3 -2.2 -2.1 -2 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 negative 0.0 Note: For values of z below -3.49, use 0.0001 for the area. *Use these common values that result from interpolation: z score 0 0.0001 0.0003 0.0005 0.0007 0.001 0.0013 0.0019 0.0026 0.0035 0.0047 0.0062 0.0082 0.0107 0.0139 0.0179 0.0228 0.0287 0.0359 0.0446 0.0548 0.0668 0.0808 0.0968 0.1151 0.1357 0.1587 0.1841 0.2119 0.242 0.2743 0.3085 0.3446 0.3821 0.4207 0.4602 0.5 Area -1.645 -2.575 0.05 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.0003 0.0005 0.0007 0.0009 0.0013 0.0018 0.0025 0.0034 0.0045 0.006 0.008 0.0104 0.0136 0.0174 0.0222 0.0281 0.0351 0.0436 0.0537 0.0655 0.0793 0.0951 0.1131 0.1335 0.1562 0.1814 0.209 0.2389 0.2709 0.305 0.3409 0.3783 0.4168 0.4562 0.496 0.0003 0.0005 0.0006 0.0009 0.0013 0.0018 0.0024 0.0033 0.0044 0.0059 0.0078 0.0102 0.0132 0.017 0.0217 0.0274 0.0344 0.0427 0.0526 0.0643 0.0778 0.0934 0.1112 0.1314 0.1539 0.1788 0.2061 0.2358 0.2676 0.3015 0.3372 0.3745 0.4129 0.4522 0.492 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.0003 0.0004 0.0006 0.0009 0.0012 0.0017 0.0023 0.0032 0.0043 0.0057 0.0075 0.0099 0.0129 0.0166 0.0212 0.0268 0.0336 0.0418 0.0516 0.063 0.0764 0.0918 0.1093 0.1292 0.1515 0.1762 0.2033 0.2327 0.2643 0.2981 0.3336 0.3707 0.409 0.4483 0.488 0.0003 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.0012 0.0016 0.0023 0.0031 0.0041 0.0055 0.0073 0.0096 0.0125 0.0162 0.0207 0.0262 0.0329 0.0409 0.0505 0.0618 0.0749 0.0901 0.1075 0.1271 0.1492 0.1736 0.2005 0.2296 0.2611 0.2946 0.33 0.3669 0.4052 0.4443 0.484 0.0003 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.0011 0.0016 0.0022 0.003 0.004 0.0054 0.0071 0.0094 0.0122 0.0158 0.0202 0.0256 0.0322 0.0401 0.0495 0.0606 0.0735 0.0885 0.1056 0.1251 0.1469 0.1711 0.1977 0.2266 0.2578 0.2912 0.3264 0.3632 0.4013 0.4404 0.4801 0.0003 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.0011 0.0015 0.0021 0.0029 0.0039 0.0052 0.0069 0.0091 0.0119 0.0154 0.0197 0.025 0.0314 0.0392 0.0485 0.0594 0.0721 0.0869 0.1038 0.123 0.1446 0.1685 0.1949 0.2236 0.2546 0.2877 0.3228 0.3594 0.3974 0.4364 0.4761 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 0.0008 0.0011 0.0015 0.0021 0.0028 0.0038 0.0051 0.0068 0.0089 0.0116 0.015 0.0192 0.0244 0.0307 0.0384 0.0475 0.0582 0.0708 0.0853 0.102 0.121 0.1423 0.166 0.1922 0.2206 0.2514 0.2843 0.3192 0.3557 0.3936 0.4325 0.4721 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 0.0007 0.001 0.0014 0.002 0.0027 0.0037 0.0049 0.0066 0.0087 0.0113 0.0146 0.0188 0.0239 0.0301 0.0375 0.0465 0.0571 0.0694 0.0838 0.1003 0.119 0.1401 0.1635 0.1894 0.2177 0.2483 0.281 0.3156 0.352 0.3897 0.4286 0.4681 0.0002 0.0003 0.0005 0.0007 0.001 0.0014 0.0019 0.0026 0.0036 0.0048 0.0064 0.0084 0.011 0.0143 0.0183 0.0233 0.0294 0.0367 0.0455 0.0559 0.0681 0.0823 0.0985 0.117 0.1379 0.1611 0.1867 0.2148 0.2451 0.2776 0.3121 0.3483 0.3859 0.4247 0.4641 Positive z Scores Standard Normal (z) Distribution: Cumulative Area from the Left z 0 0.5 0.5398 0.5793 0.6179 0.6554 0.6915 0.7257 0.758 0.7881 0.8159 0.8413 0.8643 0.8849 0.9032 0.9192 0.9332 0.9452 0.9554 0.9641 0.9713 0.9772 0.9821 0.9861 0.9893 0.9918 0.9938 0.9953 0.9965 0.9974 0.9981 0.9987 0.999 0.9993 0.9995 0.9997 0.9999 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.50 and up Note: For values of z above 3.49, use 0.9999 for the area. *Use these common values that result from interpolation: z score Area 1.645 2.575 Common Critical Values Confidence Level 0.95 0.995 Critical Value 0.9 1.645 0.01 0.504 0.5438 0.5832 0.6217 0.6591 0.695 0.7291 0.7611 0.791 0.8186 0.8438 0.8665 0.8869 0.9049 0.9207 0.9345 0.9463 0.9564 0.9649 0.9719 0.9778 0.9826 0.9864 0.9896 0.992 0.994 0.9955 0.9966 0.9975 0.9982 0.9987 0.9991 0.9993 0.9995 0.9997 0.02 0.508 0.5478 0.5871 0.6255 0.6628 0.6985 0.7324 0.7642 0.7939 0.8212 0.8461 0.8686 0.8888 0.9066 0.9222 0.9357 0.9474 0.9573 0.9656 0.9726 0.9783 0.983 0.9868 0.9898 0.9922 0.9941 0.9956 0.9967 0.9976 0.9982 0.9987 0.9991 0.9994 0.9995 0.9997 0.95 0.99 1.96 2.575 0.03 0.512 0.5517 0.591 0.6293 0.6664 0.7019 0.7357 0.7673 0.7967 0.8238 0.8485 0.8708 0.8907 0.9082 0.9236 0.937 0.9484 0.9582 0.9664 0.9732 0.9788 0.9834 0.9871 0.9901 0.9925 0.9943 0.9957 0.9968 0.9977 0.9983 0.9988 0.9991 0.9994 0.9996 0.9997 0.04 0.516 0.5557 0.5948 0.6331 0.67 0.7054 0.7389 0.7704 0.7995 0.8264 0.8508 0.8729 0.8925 0.9099 0.9251 0.9382 0.9495 0.9591 0.9671 0.9738 0.9793 0.9838 0.9875 0.9904 0.9927 0.9945 0.9959 0.9969 0.9977 0.9984 0.9988 0.9992 0.9994 0.9996 0.9997 0.05 0.5199 0.5596 0.5987 0.6368 0.6736 0.7088 0.7422 0.7734 0.8023 0.8289 0.8531 0.8749 0.8944 0.9115 0.9265 0.9394 0.9505 0.9599 0.9678 0.9744 0.9798 0.9842 0.9878 0.9906 0.9929 0.9946 0.996 0.997 0.9978 0.9984 0.9989 0.9992 0.9994 0.9996 0.9997 0.06 0.5239 0.5636 0.6026 0.6406 0.6772 0.7123 0.7454 0.7764 0.8051 0.8315 0.8554 0.877 0.8962 0.9131 0.9279 0.9406 0.9515 0.9608 0.9686 0.975 0.9803 0.9846 0.9881 0.9909 0.9931 0.9948 0.9961 0.9971 0.9979 0.9985 0.9989 0.9992 0.9994 0.9996 0.9997 0.07 0.5279 0.5675 0.6064 0.6443 0.6808 0.7157 0.7486 0.7794 0.8078 0.834 0.8577 0.879 0.898 0.9147 0.9292 0.9418 0.9525 0.9616 0.9693 0.9756 0.9808 0.985 0.9884 0.9911 0.9932 0.9949 0.9962 0.9972 0.9979 0.9985 0.9989 0.9992 0.9995 0.9996 0.9997 0.08 0.5319 0.5714 0.6103 0.648 0.6844 0.719 0.7517 0.7823 0.8106 0.8365 0.8599 0.881 0.8997 0.9162 0.9306 0.9429 0.9535 0.9625 0.9699 0.9761 0.9812 0.9854 0.9887 0.9913 0.9934 0.9951 0.9963 0.9973 0.998 0.9986 0.999 0.9993 0.9995 0.9996 0.9997 0.09 0.5359 0.5753 0.6141 0.6517 0.6879 0.7224 0.7549 0.7852 0.8133 0.8389 0.8621 0.883 0.9015 0.9177 0.9319 0.9441 0.9545 0.9633 0.9706 0.9767 0.9817 0.9857 0.989 0.9916 0.9936 0.9952 0.9964 0.9974 0.9981 0.9986 0.999 0.9993 0.9995 0.9997 0.9998 t distribution: Critical t values Degrees of Freedom 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 45 50 Area in One Tail 0.005 Area in Two Tails 0.01 63.657 9.925 5.841 4.604 4.032 3.707 3.499 3.355 3.25 3.169 3.106 3.055 3.012 2.977 2.947 2.921 2.898 2.878 2.861 2.845 2.831 2.819 2.807 2.797 2.787 2.779 2.771 2.763 2.756 2.75 2.744 2.738 2.733 2.728 2.724 2.719 2.715 2.712 2.708 2.704 2.69 2.678 0.01 0.025 0.05 0.1 0.02 31.821 6.965 4.541 3.747 3.365 3.143 2.998 2.896 2.821 2.764 2.718 2.681 2.65 2.624 2.602 2.583 2.567 2.552 2.539 2.528 2.518 2.508 2.5 2.492 2.485 2.479 2.473 2.467 2.462 2.457 2.453 2.449 2.445 2.441 2.438 2.434 2.431 2.429 2.426 2.423 2.412 2.403 0.05 12.706 4.303 3.182 2.776 2.571 2.447 2.365 2.306 2.262 2.228 2.201 2.179 2.16 2.145 2.131 2.12 2.11 2.101 2.093 2.086 2.08 2.074 2.069 2.064 2.06 2.056 2.052 2.048 2.045 2.042 2.04 2.037 2.035 2.032 2.03 2.028 2.026 2.024 2.023 2.021 2.014 2.009 0.1 6.314 2.92 2.353 2.132 2.015 1.943 1.895 1.86 1.833 1.812 1.796 1.782 1.771 1.761 1.753 1.746 1.74 1.734 1.729 1.725 1.721 1.717 1.714 1.711 1.708 1.706 1.703 1.701 1.699 1.697 1.696 1.694 1.692 1.691 1.69 1.688 1.687 1.686 1.685 1.684 1.679 1.676 0.2 3.078 1.886 1.638 1.533 1.476 1.44 1.415 1.397 1.383 1.372 1.363 1.356 1.35 1.345 1.341 1.337 1.333 1.33 1.328 1.325 1.323 1.321 1.319 1.318 1.316 1.315 1.314 1.313 1.311 1.31 1.309 1.309 1.308 1.307 1.306 1.306 1.305 1.304 1.304 1.303 1.301 1.299 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500 1000 2000 Large Degrees of Freedom 2.66 2.648 2.639 2.632 2.626 2.601 2.592 2.588 2.586 2.581 2.578 2.576 Area in One Tail 0.005 Area in Two Tails 0.01 2.39 2.381 2.374 2.368 2.364 2.345 2.339 2.336 2.334 2.33 2.328 2.326 2 1.994 1.99 1.987 1.984 1.972 1.968 1.966 1.965 1.962 1.961 1.96 1.671 1.667 1.664 1.662 1.66 1.653 1.65 1.649 1.648 1.646 1.646 1.645 1.296 1.294 1.292 1.291 1.29 1.286 1.284 1.284 1.283 1.282 1.282 1.282 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.1 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 Do one of the following, as appropriate. (a) Find the critical value Za/2. (b) find the critical value ta/2. (C) state that neither the normal nor the t distribution applies. Confidence level 98%; n = 27; o is unknown; population appears to be normally distributed. Click here to view a table of critical t-values, Click here to view page 1 of the standard normal table. Click here to view page 2 of the standard normal table. Find the critical value. O A. ta/2 = 2.162 OB. Za/2 = 2.055 O c. 2a/2 = 2.33 OD. x/2 = 2.479 O E. Neither normal nort distribution applies.
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Critical Value
Do one of the following, as appropriate. (a) Find the critical value zα/2 , (b) find the critical
value tα/2 , (c) state that neither the normal nor the t distribution applies.
Confidence level 98%...


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