Philosophy 101 essay

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This is not due till nov. 21. You could choose any of the 5 topics listed. All instructions are in the doc attached.

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Philosophy 101 Essay Topics All essays must be no more than 5 pages, double-spaced, have 1 inch margins, normal font size (e.g. 12 pt Times New Roman), and include title and reference pages. You must reference at least one peer reviewed, philosophically relevant, external source in your essay in your arguments. On your title page you must include the number of the essay question you are writing on. Please staple your pages together (no paper clips, and no report covers). The essay should be no more than 5 pages in length (not including title page and reference page); essays longer than 5 pages will be penalized 10%. Late papers will be graded, but will be penalized 10% for each day that they are late, and no comments will be provided. They are considered late if they are not handed in in class on the due date. 1. Aristotle’s virtue ethics has been challenged in a number of ways. Can it withstand some of the strongest criticisms? In your paper, consider and fully articulate at least three difficulties with Aristotle’s ethics, and explore whether you can defend Aristotle from these critiques. 2. Write a basic critical essay on Kantian ethics, or a defense of Kantian ethics. If you’re writing a critical essay, you will need to offer incisive criticisms of this theory, entertain objections to your challenges, and reply showing why your arguments stand. If you are writing a defense of Kantian ethics, you will be raising various smart challenges to Kantian ethics, and responding to each of them, defending Kant from these charges. 3. Write a basic critical essay on Epictetus’ Stoicism, or a defense of Epictetus’ Stoicism. If you’re writing a critical essay, you will need to offer incisive criticisms of this theory, entertain objections to your challenges, and reply showing why your arguments stand. If you are writing a defense of Epictetus’ Stoicism, you will be raising various smart challenges to it, and responding to each of them, defending Epictetus from these charges. 4. Peter Singer argues we are obligated to sacrifice many of our present luxuries to prevent others from suffering to preventable causes like starvation and curable diseases. If you disagree with his argument, offer a critique of his argument, entertaining objections and replying to show why your argument stands. If you agree with him, outline some critiques that people will make against Singer, and defend him from those critiques. (NOTE: (1) You are permitted to use Timmerman’s one objection to Singer in your essay somehow. (2) Obviously, do NOT use the critiques that he offers and his own replies, otherwise your paper is just a summary of Singer’s article. YOU need to think about your own arguments against or in support of Singer etc.). 5. Do you think Rawls’ difference principle adequately captures what we deserve in terms of distributive justice? Offer arguments to defend your view, entertain objections, and reply showing why your argument stands. 6. You may write on a topic that is of interest to you, provided it deals substantively with the course material. However, you must clear it with me first. Proposed topics should be emailed to me in the form of an essay question (like these). If you are interested in something and don’t know how to form it into a question, come and see me and we can shape it into one together.
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Running head: BASIC CRITICAL ESSAY ON KANTIAN ETHICS

Basic Critical Essay on Kantian Ethics
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BASIC CRITICAL ESSAY ON KANTIAN ETHICS

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Basic Critical Essay on Kantian Ethics
Introduction
The driving force behind our actions according to Immanuel Kant is supposed to be
dictated by sole consideration and not inherently good. Some personal activities should not be
based on effects different actions may produce as discussed in the consequentialist theory. In this
essay, exploration and investigation of Kant’s work will be done by comparing it with two different
approaches of theories that build up the required ethics. The work will help in establishing merit
upon its employment thereof in real practice (Bowie, 2017).
Kantian morality
There is a central claim in use of Kant’s moral theory that states “it has become possible to
easily conceive anything that is happening in the world and can be taken as a good happening
without having good qualification except employment of good will.” According to this tenet, when
a person engages in a noble action the main driving force is ingrained within personal
characteristics. Such type of work will not qualify anyone to have moral motive. Such form of
deeds is considered to be driven by a person’s inclination to a specific action. Kant regards such
an action being taken as an act of goodwill because such activities possess moral motive to the
existence of the person. According to Kant, it then follows that moral action is only conducted due
to duty. It then gives a person an opportunity to be inclined to some activities based on the
consequences that such an act may produce. Kantian Ethics deontological belief is a polarising
approach of normalcy when based on decision-making (Bowie, 2017). The rejection got from the
results has left many gre...