Fehrenbach: Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, 6th Edition Chapter 06: Vascular System Review and Assessment Questions 1. What is the general term for a large network of blood vessels? 2. What are the connecting channels between blood vessels generally termed? 3. What type of vessel arises from the heart and carries blood away from it and what is its branching system? 4. What type of vessel carries blood to the heart and what is its branching system? 5. What part of the vascular system is a blood filled space between two layers of tissue? 6. What major artery arises from the common carotid and subclavian arteries on the left side of the body? 7. What is the direct branch from the aorta on the right side of the body, which then branches into the common carotid and subclavian? 8. What artery arises directly from the aorta on the left side of the body and travels superiorly along the neck lateral to the trachea and larynx? 9. What artery arises directly from the aorta on the left side of the body and its main destination is the upper arm? 10. What are the two major arteries that supply the head and neck? 11. Where is the most reliable pulse during emergency treatment? 12. What artery supplies intracranial structures and is the source of the ophthalmic artery? 13. What does the ophthalmic artery supply? 14. What artery supplies extracranial tissue of the head and neck, including the oral cavity? 15. What are the major branches of the external carotid artery and how can they be grouped? Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Review and Assessment Questions 16. What artery directly supplies tissue of the hyoid bone, infrahyoid muscles, sternocleidomastoid muscle, muscles of larynx, and thyroid gland? 17. What artery directly supplies tissue superior to the hyoid bone, including the suprahyoid muscles, floor of mouth, and tongue? 18. What artery directly supplies mylohyoid muscle, sublingual salivary gland, mucous membranes of floor of mouth, and suprahyoid muscles? 19. Outline the pathway of the facial artery and list its major branches. 20. What artery directly supplies the soft palate, palatine muscles, and palatine tonsils? 21. What specific artery can be a source of serious hemorrhage if it is injured during a tonsillectomy? 22. What artery directly supplies the submandibular lymph nodes, submandibular salivary gland, mylohyoid and digastric muscles? 23. What artery supplies the lower lip tissue and facial expression muscles? 24. What artery supplies the upper lip tissue and facial expression muscles? 25. What artery supplies tissue along the side of the nose and is the termination of the facial artery? 26. What artery directly supplies pharyngeal walls, soft palate and meninges of the brain? 27. What artery directly supplies suprahyoid muscles, sternocleidomastoid muscle, scalp and meninges in the occipital region? 28. What arteries directly supply the internal ear and the mastoid ear cells? 29. What artery arises within the parotid salivary gland and can be visible in patients under the skin of their face on the lateral part of their forehead area? 30. What artery directly supplies the parotid salivary gland and the nearby tissue? 31. What artery directly supplies the temporalis muscle? 32. What artery directly supplies parts of the scalp in the frontal and parietal regions? Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6-2 Review and Assessment Questions 33. Outline the pathway of the maxillary artery and list the major branches within the infratemporal fossa. 34. What artery directly supplies the meninges of the brain located on the inferior surface of the skull as well of the skull bones? 35. What artery directly supplies the floor of the mouth and mylohyoid muscle? 36. What artery directly supplies tissue of the chin and what does it anatomoses with? 37. What artery directly supplies pulp, periodontium, and gingiva of mandibular anterior teeth? 38. What artery directly supplies the anterior and posterior parts of the temporalis muscle? 39. What artery directly supplies the masseter muscle? 40. What artery directly supplies the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles? 41. What artery directly supplies the buccinator muscle and soft tissue of the cheek? 42. What artery directly supplies pulp, periodontium, and gingiva of maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus? 43. What artery directly supplies the orbital region, face, and maxillary anterior teeth? 44. What artery directly supplies the pulp, periodontium, and gingiva of maxillary anterior teeth? 45. What arteries directly supply the hard and soft palates? 46. What artery directly supplies the nasal cavity? 47. Compare veins to arteries. 48. Which vein begins at the medial corner of the eye and drains into internal jugular vein? 49. Which vein directly drains the tissue of the orbit? 50. Which vein directly drains the upper lip? 51. Which vein directly drains the lower lip? Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6-3 Review and Assessment Questions 52. Which vein directly drains the tissue of the chin and submandibular region? 53. Which vein directly drains the dorsal and ventral side of the tongue and floor of the mouth? 54. How is the retromandibular vein formed and what will it form? 55. Which vein directly drains the lateral scalp? 56. What is the location of the pterygoid plexus of veins? 57. What veins does the pterygoid plexus of veins anastomoses with? 58. In general, what veins does the pterygoid plexus of veins drain? 59. What is the function of the pterygoid plexus of veins? 60. Where does the pterygoid plexus of veins drain? 61. Which veins drain blood from the deep parts of the face? 62. Which vein drains blood from the meninges of the brain? 63. Which vein drains the pulp and the periodontium of the maxillary teeth, including the gingiva? 64. Which vein drains the pulp and periodontium of the mandibular teeth including the gingiva? 65. Where are the venous sinuses located? 66. Where is the cavernous sinus located? 67. With what does the cavernous sinus communicate? 68. Which major vein drains most of the tissue of the head and neck? 69. What structures are contained in the carotid sheath? 70. Which vein begins inferior to the chin and drains into the external jugular vein? 71. Which veins is formed when the internal jugular vein merges with the subclavian vein? 72. What do the brachiocephalic veins unite to form? Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6-4 Review and Assessment Questions 73. Which complications can as a result of blood vessel lesions? 74. What is a clot that forms on the inner vessel wall? 75. What term is used when a clot that has dislodge from the inner vessel wall and travels as a foreign material in the blood? 76. What is the term to describe when large amount of blood escape the tissue without clotting? 77. What is the term to describe when a blood vessel is injured and a small amount of the blood escapes into the surrounding tissue and then clots? 78. What are the clinical signs of a hematoma? 79. How does a dental professional help to prevent blood vessel problems in medically compromised patients? 80. During what dental injections is the risk of hematoma higher, and why, and how is this prevented overall during administration? Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6-5
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