View attached explanation and answer. Let me know if you have any questions.

The Role of the Federal Government and Presidential Politics in Public Schools
NCLB and ESSA
Key Components of ESSA
1. Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) was initiated in 2015, during presidents Obama's
second term, which was a government's footprint in formulating and implementing
updated educational policies. ESSA covers everything from educational testing and
teacher quality to ow performing educational institutions and also gives the states a
leeway to call educational decisions.
2. It is also a change since it was enacted to replace No Child Left Behind (NCLB), thus
including various policy elements. Since it took full effect in the 2017-18 school year,
accountability plan and goals are one of the elements it carries where it is required
that the states have to submit how they plan to carry out their education, peerreviewed, and if the plan is turned down, they are obligated to a hearing.
3. ESSA requires states to identify low-performing schools and devise school
interventions for students who are struggling or dropout students. Testing is also a
crucial element of ESSA that adhere to the required academic standards without the
states being coerced to pick specific standards.
How ESSA Differs from NCLB
1. One of the differences between ESSA and NCLB is that states are responsible for
holding schools accountable for their student's achievement in ESSA. However, there
is a flexible framework where every state can be able to set its own goal for student
achievement within the federal framework. On the other hand, NCLB allowed the
states to be responsible for holding schools accountable for student achievement.

2. When measuring accountability, ESSA focuses more on the weight of academic
measurements than the school quality. At the same time, NCLB focuses solely on
students' academic achievement and uses reading and math scores to evaluate the
performance of the schools. ESSA requires the states or local districts to use
evidence-based approaches in helping struggling students and schools, while NCLB
offers the states a set of specific actions through the federal government in order to
help struggling students and schools, thus limiting local decision-making on the
matter.
Possible Strengths and Weaknesses in ESSA's New Approach
1. One of the strengths of ESSA is that it has broken the notion that only students who
have connections can get better education though providing a framework that gives
every child a priority to access equal education, including those from disadvantaged
families. The other strength is that students are taught with high academic standards,
thus ensuring the quality of education is top-notch based on their capabilities. For
instance, a special education child's graduation requirements are different from a
student from a gifted school program, which prepares students for their careers.
2. Even though ESSA has an accountability provision that ensures students' success in
schools, the law still relies on testing as a measure of the success or failure of the
students as a form of accountability outcome, which is unreliable. The only change, in
this case, is that the accountability has shifted from the federal to the state
government. Even though ESSA is better than NCLB in terms of ensuring the
improved progress of students in schools by factoring in those from low-income
communities or disadvantaged children, it does not address the root cause of the
inequalities.
Betsy DeVos

Summary of Her Background
1. Betsy DeVos was the 11th United States Secretary of Education since she was
nominated by President Donald J. Trump and confirmed by the United States Senate
in 2017. DeVos graduated from Calvin College, Michigan, where she pursued a
Bachelor of Arts degree. She is also married to Dick DeVos, an entrepreneur,
philanthropist, and community activist for 40 years, and they have four children
together.
2. Her interest in education was influenced by her mother, a public school teacher, and
the interest grew when she took her children to school, which made her realize that
not every student will have equal educational opportunities. She has worked as a
leader in empowering parents, where she supported new educational opportunities in
25 different states, including the District of Colombia.
Betsy DeVos Controversies
1. Regardl...