Answer the following the questions.

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  1. Identify the four levels of measurement and give examples of each.
  2. Explain the threat to validity. Cover the following threats: face, content, criterion – related, and construct.
  3. Discuss the measures used to insure reliability: test – retest method, inter-rater, and split – half method.
  4. Compare and contrast UCR and NCVS with respect to the type of crime data they collect and how they collect it. Identify strengths and weaknesses of each.
  5. Identify the major efforts to gather information about drug abuse in the United States. How do these measures compare with one another? What are the strengths and weaknesses of each?
  6. Discuss the validity and reliability of self – report measures.
  7. Discuss the improvements that have been made to UCR through the NIBRS and the Redesigned NCVS. Predict whether these changes will make a major difference in our understanding of crime in America.

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Running head: CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Criminal Justice Writing
Student’s Name
Professor’s Name
Course Title
Date

CRIMINAL JUSTICE

2

Levels of Measurements: The four levels of measurements include nominal, ordinal,
interval and ratio. In the nominal level, numbers are only used in the classification of the data.
For this reason, alphanumeric symbols, letters, and words can be used (Neuman, 2016). For
example, for data about the gender categories to which people belong, F can be used to represent
a female, M to represent male and lastly T as a representation of transgender. The ordinal level
of measurement gives ordered relationship among variables being studied (Neuman, 2016). For
instance, a student scoring the highest mark of 99% would be assigned the highest or the first
rank while the second one who scores 80% will be assigned the second rank and so on. The
ordinal level of measurement, therefore, shows the ordering of the measurements. There is also
the interval level of measurement which not only classifies and orders the measurements but also
gives a specification of the distance between any two intervals as equal. For instance, when
measuring student anxie...


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